Completely Hyperexpansive Operator Tuples

The notion of a completely hyperexpansive operator on a Hilbert space is generalized to that of a completely hyperexpansive operator tuple, which in some sense turns out to be antithetical to the notion of a subnormal operator tuple with contractive coordinates. The countably many negativity conditions characterizing a completely hyperexpansive operator tuple are closely related to the Levy–Khinchin representation in the theory of harmonic analysis on semigroups. The interplay between the theories of positive and negative definite functions on semigroups forces interesting connections between the classes of subnormal and completely hyperexpansive operator tuples. Further, the several–variable generalization allows for a stimulating interaction with the multiparameter spectral theory.     

Alternatingly Hyperexpansive Operator Tuples

The notion of an alternatingly hyperexpansive operator on a Hilbert space is generalized to that of an alternatingly hyperexpansive operator tuple, which necessitates exploring the theory of absolutely monotone functions as defined on the m-fold product N^m of the semi-group N of non-negative integers and as defined on semi-open cubes in the m-dimensional real Euclidean space R^m. The multi-variable Laplace transform and the Stieltjes Moment Problem make a natural appearance in the development of the relevant theory, which also highlights the close connections of alternatingly hyperexpansive operator tuples with completely hyperexpansive and subnormal ones. In particular, if T is subnormal and the joint (Taylor) spectrum of its minimal normal extension is contained in a certain subset of the Hermitian space C^m, then T turns out to be alternatingly hyperexpansive. In the context of multi-variable weighted shifts, the last assertion can be related to the notion of a Stieltjes Moment Net. The general characterization of an alternatingly hyperexpansive m-variable weighted shift T, however, requires a certain net of (positive) numbers associated with T to be absolutely monotone on N^m and allows for such a T to be non-subnormal.     

On the sum of two subnormal kernels

We show, by means of a class of examples, that if $K_1$ and $K_2$ are two positive definite kernels on the unit disc such that the multiplication by the coordinate function on the corresponding reproducing kernel Hilbert space is subnormal, then the multiplication operator on the Hilbert space determined by their sum $K_1+K_2$ need not be subnormal. This settles a recent conjecture of Gregory T. Adams, Nathan S. Feldman and Paul J. McGuire in the negative. We also discuss some cases for which the answer is affirmative.     

On completely irreducible operators

Let T be a bounded linear operator on Hilbert space H, M an invariant subspace of T. If there exists another invariant subspace N of T such that H = M + N and M ∩ N = 0, then M is said to be a completely reduced subspace of T. If T has a nontrivial completely reduced subspace, then T is said to be completely reducible; otherwise T is said to be completely irreducible. In the present paper we briefly sum up works on completely irreducible operators that have been done by the Functional Analysis Seminar of Jilin University in the past ten years and more. The paper contains four sections. In section 1 the background of completely irreducible operators is given in detail. Section 2 shows which operator in some well-known classes of operators, for example, weighted shifts, Toeplitz operators, etc., is completely irreducible. In section 3 it is proved that every bounded linear operator on the Hilbert space can be approximated by the finite direct sum of completely irreducible operators. It is clear that a completely irreducible operator is a rather suitable analogue of Jordan blocks in L(H), the set of all bounded linear operators on Hilbert space H. In section 4 several questions concerning completely irreducible operators are discussed and it is shown that some properties of completely irreducible operators are different from properties of unicellular operators. __________ Translated from Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Jilin, 1992, (4): 20–29     

A moment theorem for completely hyperexpansive operators

Given a family $ \{ A_m^x \} _{\mathop {m \in \mathbb{Z}_ + ^d }\limits_{x \in X} } $ (X is a non-empty set) of bounded linear operators between the complex inner product space $ \mathcal{D} $ and the complex Hilbert space ? we characterize the existence of completely hyperexpansive d-tuples T = (T ₁, … , T _d ) on ? such that A _m ^x = T ^m A ₀ ^x for all m ? ? ₊ ^d and x ? X.     

Hoeffding's inequalities: A counterexample

A sequence : ₀ satisfiesHoeffding's inequality of order n if wheneverX ₁,...,X _n are independent nonnegative integer-valued elementary random variables and are independent identically distributed nonnegative integer-valued elementary random variables, the common distribution of which is the average of those ofX ₁,...,X _n. We show that for each integerm greater than 2 there exists a sequence satisfying Hoeffding's inequality of every order greater thanm but not that of orderm. This answers a question raised by Berg, Christensen, and Ressel.     

On additively completely regular seminearrings

In an attempt to investigate the situation arising out of replacing additive regularity by additive complete regularity in our previous study on additively regular seminearrings, we introduce the notions of left (right) completely regular seminearrings and characterize left (right) completely regular seminearrings as bi-semilattices of left (resp., right) completely simple seminearrings. We also define left (right) Clifford seminearrings and show that they are precisely bi-semilattices of near-rings (resp., zero-symmetric near-rings).     

Families of completely positive maps associated with monotone metrics

An operator convex function on (0,∞)$(0,\infty )$ which satisfies the symmetry condition k(x⁻¹)=xk(x)$k(x^{-1})=xk(x)$ can be used to define a type of non-commutative multiplication by a positive definite matrix (or its inverse) using the primitive concepts of left and right multiplication and the functional calculus. The operators for the inverse can be used to define quadratic forms associated with Riemannian metrics which contract under the action of completely positive trace-preserving maps.     

On quasi-similarity of subnormal operators

For a compact subset K in the complex plane, let Rat(K) denote the set of the rational functions with poles off K. Given a finite positive measure with support contained in K, let R2(K,v) denote the closure of Rat(K) in L2(v) and let Sv denote the operator of multiplication by the independent variable z on R2(K, v), that is, Svf = zf for every f∈R2(K, v). SupposeΩis a bounded open subset in the complex plane whose complement has finitely many components and suppose Rat(Ω) is dense in the Hardy space H2(Ω). Letσdenote a harmonic measure forΩ. In this work, we characterize all subnormal operators quasi-similar to Sσ, the operators of the multiplication by z on R2(Ω,σ). We show that for a given v supported onΩ, Sv is quasi-similar to Sσif and only if v/■Ω■σ and log(dv/dσ)∈L1(σ). Our result extends a well-known result of Clary on the unit disk.     

The order-preserving convergence for spectral approximation of self-adjoint completely continuous operators

This paper discusses the order-preserving convergence for spectral approximation of the self-adjoint completely continuous operator T.Under the condition that the approximate operator Th converges to T in norm,it is proven that the k-th eigenvalue of Th converges to the k-th eigenvalue of T.(We sorted the positive eigenvalues in decreasing order and negative eigenvalues in increasing order.) Then we apply this result to conforming elements,nonconforming elements and mixed elements of self-adjoint elliptic differential operators eigenvalue problems,and prove that the k-th approximate eigenvalue obtained by these methods converges to the k-th exact eigenvalue.     

On k-hyperexpansive operators

This paper considers the k-hyperexpansive Hilbert space operators T (those satisfying , 1?n?k) and the k-expansive operators (those satisfying the above inequality merely for n=k). It is known that if T is k-hyperexpansive then so is any power of T; we prove the analogous result for T assumed merely k-expansive. Turning to weighted shift operators, we give a characterization of k-expansive weighted shifts, and produce examples showing the k-expansive classes are distinct. For a weighted shift W that is k-expansive for all k (that is, completely hyperexpansive) we obtain results for k-hyperexpansivity of back step extensions of W. In addition, we discuss the completely hyperexpansive completion problem which is parallel to Stampfli's subnormal completion problem.     

On Ozawa kernels

We write explicitly Ozawa kernels for group extensions, for discrete metric spaces of finite asymptotic dimension, of large enough Hilbert space compression, and for suitable actions of countable groups on metric spaces. We also obtain an alternative proof of stability results concerning Yu's property A.     

On unbounded subnormal operators

A minimal normal extension of unbounded subnormal operators is established and characterized and spectral inclusion theorem is proved. An inverse Cayley transform is constructed to obtain a closed unbounded subnormal operator from a bounded one. Two classes of unbounded subnormals viz analytic Toeplitz operators and Bergman operators are exhibited.     

On completely multiplicative functions whose values are roots of unity

Summary We prove that if a complex valued completely multiplicative function F and a positive integer ℓ≦5 satisfy the condition F(N) = U_ℓ, where U_ℓ is the set of all ℓ-th roots of unity, then {F(n+1) F(n) ∣ nε N} = U_ℓ.     

Sensitivity analysis for parametric completely generalized nonlinear implicit quasivariational inclusions

In this paper we introduce a new class of parametric completely generalized nonlinear implicit quasivariational inclusions and study the behavior and sensitivity analysis of the solution set of the parametric completely generalized nonlinear implicit quasivariational inclusion dealing with multivalued and single-valued nonlinear mappings in Hilbert spaces. Our results extend, improve and unify the previously many known results in this area.     

On a new condition for strictly positive definite functions on spheres

Recently, Xu and Cheney (1992) have proved that if all the Legendre coefficients of a zonal function defined on a sphere are positive then the function is strictly positive definite. It will be shown in this paper that, even if finitely many of the Legendre coefficients are zero, the strict positive definiteness can be assured. The results are based on approximation properties of singular integrals, and provide also a completely different proof of the results of Xu and Cheney.

     

On the convergence of maximal monotone operators

We study the convergence of maximal monotone operators with the help of representations by convex functions. In particular, we prove the convergence of a sequence of sums of maximal monotone operators under a general qualification condition of the Attouch-Brezis type.

     

Essentially subnormal operators

An operator is essentially subnormal if its image in the Calkin algebra is subnormal. We shall characterize the essentially subnormal operators as those operators with an essentially normal extension. In fact, it is shown that an essentially subnormal operator has an extension of the form ``normal plus compact'.

The essential normal spectrum is defined and is used to characterize the essential isometries. It is shown that every essentially subnormal operator may be decomposed as the direct sum of a subnormal operator and some irreducible essentially subnormal operators. An essential version of Putnam's Inequality is proven for these operators. Also, it is shown that essential normality is a similarity invariant within the class of essentially subnormal operators. The class of essentially hyponormal operators is also briefly discussed and several examples of essentially subnormal operators are given.

     

On the Stieltjes moment problem on semigroups

We characterize finitely generated abelian semigroups such that every completely positive definite function (a function all of whose shifts are positive definite) is an integral of nonnegative miltiplicative real-valued functions (called nonnegative characters).