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1.
The effect of the type of the support and the amount of V2O5 loading on the activity of V2O5/γ-Al2O3 catalyst for the dehydrogenation of isobutane have been investigated. Based on the experimental results of TPR, XRD and ESR spectroscopy, it is suggested that there are strong interactions between vanadia and carrier and that the V4+ species on the surface is the active site of V2O5/γ-Al2O3 for this reaction. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

2.
Al2O3 and Al2−x Cr x O3 (x = 0.01, 0.02 and 0.04) powders have been synthesized by the polymeric precursors method. A study of the structural evolution of crystalline phases corresponding to the obtained powders was accomplished through X-Ray Diffraction and UV-vis spectroscopy (reflectance spectra and CIEL*a*b* color data). The obtained results allow to identify the γ-Al2O3 to α-Al2O3 phase transition. The single-phase α-Al2O3 powder was obtained after heat treatment at 1050 °C for 2 h. The results show that the green to red color transition and ruby luminescence lines observed for the powders of Al2−x Cr x O3 are related to the γ to α-Al2O3 phase transition and the temperature and time range for such transition depends on the chromium content.  相似文献   

3.
The surface properties of supported gallium oxide catalysts prepared by impregnation of various supports (γ-Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, ZrO2) were investigated by adsorption microcalorimetry, using ammonia and water as probe molecules. In the case of acidic supports (γ-Al2O3, ZrO2, TiO2), the acidic character of supported gallium catalysts always decreased in comparison with gallium-free supports; on very weakly acidic SiO2, new acidic centers were created when depositing Ga2O3. The addition of gallium oxide decreased the hydrophilic properties of alumina, titania and zirconia, but increased the amount of water adsorbed on silica. The catalytic performances in the selective catalytic reduction of NO by C2H4 in excess oxygenwere in the order Ga/Al2O3>Ga/TiO2>Ga/ZrO2>>Ga/SiO2. This order is more related to the quality of the dispersion of Ga2O3 on the support than to the global acidity of the solids. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

4.
The influence of the alumina support on the catalytic activity of Pt/Al2O3 catalysts in aqueous phase reforming of ethylene glycol to hydrogen was studied. The catalysts were prepared by impregnation of γ-, δ-, and α-alumina with H2PtCl6. The highest rate of hydrogen production (452 μmol min−1 g−1) obtained with the Pt/α-Al2O3 catalyst can be related to the highest extent of dispersion of Pt on α-Al2O3. XPS, TEM-EDX and TPR-H2 measurements showed the absence of chloride-containing surface complexes in the Pt/α-Al2O3 catalyst. However, chloride-containing entities were found on the surface of Pt/γ-Al2O3 and Pr/δ-Al2O3 catalysts. When chloride ions are removed chlorinated Pt species facilitate the sintering of Pt crystallites and in this way affect the extent of Pt dispersion. Moreover, depending upon the particular crystalline form, alumina atoms have different coordination and alumina surfaces contain varying amounts of OH groups of different nature which affect the interaction between Pt and the support.  相似文献   

5.
Mesoporous TiO2/γ-Al2O3 composite granules were prepared by combining sol–gel/oil-drop method, using various titania solution. The product granules can be used as a photocatalyst or adsorbent in moving, fluidized bed reactors. The phase composition and pore structure of the granules can be controlled by calcination temperature and using different titania solution. In the photocatalysis of NH3 decomposition, TiO2/γ-Al2O3 granules using Degussa P25 powder treated thermally at 450 °C showed the highest catalytic ability. However, TiO2/γ-Al2O3 granules using titania made by hydrothermal method had comparable performance in NH3 decomposition.  相似文献   

6.
A differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) method for the determination of bromate in drinking water, after pre-concentration on γ-Al2O3, is proposed. The reduction peak of bromate has been observed at the potential E p -−1.6 V in an ammonia buffer as a supporting electrolyte. The method has been successfully applied to determine a bromate concentration of 2.5 μg·l−1 in drinking water (RSD=6.1%, n=7). A sample pre-treatment with a column filled with mixed cation-exchange resin in Ag, Ba and H forms was needed before pre-concentration of bromate on alumina.  相似文献   

7.
Polyaniline/α-Al2O3 (PANI/α-Al2O3) composites were synthesized by in situ polymerization through ammonium persulfate ((NH4)2S2O8, APS) oxidized aniline using HCl as dopant. XRD and FTIR were used to characterize the PANI/α-Al2O3 composites. The thermal stabilities and glass transition temperature (T g) of PANI/α-Al2O3 composites were tested using thermogravimetric (TG) method and modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) technique. The results of TG showed that the thermal stability of PANI/α-Al2O3 composite increased and then decreased with the increase in α-Al2O3 content. The derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) curves showed one step degradation of PANI when the α-Al2O3 content was lower than 52.5 mass%, and exhibited two steps degradation when the α-Al2O3 content was higher than 63.6 mass%. The MDSC curves showed that the T g of PANI/α-Al2O3 composites increased and then decreased with the augment of α-Al2O3 for the interaction between PANI chains and the surface of α-Al2O3.  相似文献   

8.
Pt LIII-edge XANES and EXAFS were employed to investigate the nature of Pt/γ-Al2O3, Pt−Sn/γ-Al2O3 and Pt−Fe/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. The results indicated that Pt species on these catalysts were all in the oxidized states before reduction, and in the metallic states after reduction. The dispersity of the Pt species on the catalysts was very high after reduction. The electronic properties of the highly dispersed Pt species were different from that of the bulk Pt in large crystallites. An interaction between Pt and the metal-oxide modified γ-Al2O3 support is proposed. The interaction improved the dispersity of the Pt species on the catalysts and is thought to be the reason for the enhanced activity and selectivity for dehydrogenation reactions over these catalysts.  相似文献   

9.
Oxidation resistance of metal at high temperature can be improved by an environmentally friendly solution deposition approach. Stable precursor solution with high oxide concentration, favorable viscosity and low surface tension was prepared using aluminum sec-butoxide (ASB) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as starting raw materials. Alumina sol-gel films were deposited onto metal by spin-coating followed by heat treatment. When PVP was added according to an amount of 50 mg/mL into a sol with an ASB/H2O molar ratio of 1:35, the as-obtained sol exhibited favorable gelation time and viscosity. The surface tension of the alumina sol with PVP was examined to be lower by 32% than the sol (ASB:H2O = 1:100) without PVP. TG-DTA analyses show the densification of the alumina gel film with PVP was progressed within a wide temperature range from 200 to 650 °C. Crack-free Al2O3 film with a thickness up to 1.5 μm was successfully produced on metallic substrate by three spin-coating cycles. SEM and XRD analyses revealed the gel film transformed into compact α-Al2O3 material after calcined at 1,000 °C for 0.5 h. The weight gained by the samples during firing at 1,000 °C indicated that the Al2O3 coating film could reduce the rate of oxidation by ∼81%. The hardness of the Al2O3 film coated metal was higher by 260% than the uncoated metal that was calcined at 1,000 °C for 0.5 h. It was confirmed by adhesion test that both the alumina/PVP hybrid film and the as-produced α-Al2O3 coating film had strong adhesion.  相似文献   

10.
用酸中和法制备了活性γ-Al2O3, 并在其表面负载SO3得到固体酸催化剂SO3/γ-Al2O3, 用XRD, TG-DTA, FT-IR,NMR, NH3-TPD等对其进行了结构和酸性研究. 结果表明: 在SO3/γ-Al2O3的制备过程中形成少量的Al2(SO4)3, 同时SO3与γ-Al2O3表面上的羟基反应, 形成强的Brönsted酸位, 根据1H/27Al 双共振(TRAPDOR)MAS NMR与FT-IR实验结果提出了Brönsted酸结构模型. SO3/γ-Al2O3表面存在两种不同强度的酸中心, 其酸强度大于分子筛HZSM-5, 但弱于传统的固体超强酸 /γ-Al2O3.  相似文献   

11.
The use of nanocrystalline Fe-modified α-Al2O3 prepared by sol–gel and solvothermal method as supports for Pd catalysts resulted in an improved catalyst performance in selective acetylene hydrogenation. Moreover, the amount of coke deposits was reduced due to lower acidity of the Fe-modified α-Al2O3 supports.  相似文献   

12.
Pd catalysts supported on the solvothermal-derived nanocrystalline α-Al2O3 (45 nm) exhibited superior performances in the selective acetylene hydrogenation than those supported on micron-sized ones (44–149 μm). Reduction at 500°C led to an improvement of the ethylene yield for the Pd/nanocrystalline α-Al2O3, but not for the Pd/micron-sized α-Al2O3.  相似文献   

13.
CeO2-γ-Al2O3 mixed oxides have been prepared by using both co-precipitation and impregnation methods followed by calcination at 650°C and investigated by 27Al MAS NMR, powder X-ray diffraction and temperature programmed reduction techniques to understand the nature of chemical interaction existing between CeO2 and γ-Al2O3. The 27Al NMR spectra of CeO2-containing samples showed an additional peak placed at 40 ppm along with the two peaks at 68 and 6 ppm which originate from the tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated Al3+ ions present in γ-Al2O3. As the concentration of CeO2 in the mixed oxide increased, the intensity of the 40 ppm peak increased and this was the prominent peak for CeO2-rich mixed oxide samples. The origin of this 40 ppm peak is discussed and it is inferred that this peak is due to Al3+ ions, which are present in CeO2 lattice, forming a solid solution.  相似文献   

14.
We have been exploring the utilization of supported ceria and ceria–zirconia nano-oxides for different catalytic applications. In this comprehensive investigation, a series of Ce x Zr1−x O2/Al2O3, Ce x Zr1−x O2/SiO2 and Ce x Zr1−x O2/TiO2 composite oxide catalysts were synthesized and subjected to thermal treatments from 773 to 1073 K to examine the influence of support on thermal stability, textural properties and catalytic activity of the ceria–zirconia solid solutions. The physicochemical characterization studies were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (RS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM), thermogravimetry and BET surface area methods. To evaluate the catalytic properties, oxygen storage/release capacity (OSC) and CO oxidation activity measurements were carried out. The XRD analyses revealed the formation of Ce0.75Zr0.25O2, Ce0.6Zr0.4O2, Ce0.16Zr0.84O2 and Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 phases depending on the nature of support and calcination temperature employed. Raman spectroscopy measurements in corroboration with XRD results suggested enrichment of zirconium in the Ce x Zr1−x O2 solid solutions with increasing calcination temperature thereby resulting in the formation of oxygen vacancies, lattice defects and oxygen ion displacement from the ideal cubic lattice positions. The HREM results indicated a well-dispersed cubic Ce x Zr1−x O2 phase of the size around 5 nm over all supports at 773 K and there was no appreciable increase in the size after treatment at 1073 K. The XPS studies revealed the presence of cerium in both Ce4+ and Ce3+ oxidation states in different proportions depending on the nature of support and the treatment temperature applied. All characterization techniques indicated absence of pure ZrO2 and crystalline inactive phases between Ce–Al, Ce–Si and Ce–Ti oxides. Among the three supports employed, silica was found to stabilize more effectively the nanosized Ce x Zr1−x O2 oxides by retarding the sintering phenomenon during high temperature treatments, followed by alumina and titania. Interestingly, the alumina supported samples exhibited highest OSC and CO oxidation activity followed by titania and silica. Details of these findings are consolidated in this review.  相似文献   

15.
Extracts of Aconitum septentrionale Koelle roots obtained using chloroform, isopropanol, and ethanol were purified using chloroform and basic γ-Al2O3. Ballast materials were selectively adsorbed by γ-Al2O3, increasing the mass fraction of lappaconitine in the extract. The ethanol extract was purified most. The degree of lappaconitine extraction by chloroform was unaffected by the presence of γ-Al2O3. However, the mass fraction in the extract and lappaconitine extraction from Aconitum septentrionale were increased more than twice. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 274–276, May–June, 2006.  相似文献   

16.
A ZrO2-γ-Al2O3 supported Pd catalyst was prepared and characterized by XRD, XPS, H2-TPR and TEM techniques. The catalytic activity was evaluated in the liquid-phase hydrogenation of 2-ethylanthraquinone. Comparing with Pd/γ-Al2O3, it showed high catalytic activity.  相似文献   

17.
Lihua Xiao  Kunpeng Sun 《Acta Physico》2008,24(11):2108-2113
Solid solution CeO2-MOx (M=La3+, Ca2+) promoted Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by a deposition-precipitation method. The structural properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that Mn+ ions incorporated into CeO2 lattice and solid solutions formed in Pd/γ-Al2O3-CeO2-MOx catalysts. The formation of solid solution was confirmed by the change in lattice parameters of CeO2 and the shift of 2θ angles as compared with pure CeO2. A strain formed in the O2− sub-lattice of CeO2 was revealed by Raman analyses, which decreased the intensity of the Raman-active band at around 463 cm−1 owing to the F2g symmetric stretching of Ce−O bond. The appearance of a new band at 615 cm−1 (in the case of Pd/γ-Al2O3-CeO2-CaO) and a shoulder at 320 cm−1 (in the case of Pd/γ-Al2O3-CeO2-La2O3) was also confirmed. Ionic Pdδ+ species were formed in the catalysts, which exhibited higher binding energies (0.5−0.6 eV higher for Pd 3d5/2) than that of normal PdO. The catalysts showed high activity and stability for low temperature methane combustion. 10% and 100% conversions of methane could be obtained at temperatures of 254 and 340 °C, respectively, over Pd/γ-Al2O3-CeO2-La2O3 catalyst under an hourly space velocity of 50000 h−1.  相似文献   

18.
Eu2O3 nanowire arrays embedded in anodic alumina membranes (AAMs) were fabricated by an improved sol–gel method. They have cubic structures with uniform diameter of about 40 nm. The emission spectra of Eu2O3 consist of one main line at 613 nm under 377 nm excitation, which shows the electric dipole transition 5D47F5 (at 613 nm) is the strongest.  相似文献   

19.
Nanometric Fe2O3 particles could be inserted inside the internal pore volume of SBA-15 mesoporous silica and mesoporous alumina supports, when Fe(III) chelates (EDTA, gluconate or citrate) were used as impregnating precursors. The oxidative degradation of the chelating anions was followed by combined TG-DTA. Strong chelate-SiOH interactions (case of bulky EDTA), favored by the mesopore curvature, yield sub-nanometric extremely well dispersed Fe2O3 particles preferentially located at the micropore mouths (confinement effect). Fe2O3 even more strongly interacts with alumina walls, generating either (Fe,Al)2O3 mixed phases or Fe-aluminate micro domains. These iron-based mesoporous alumina composites proved very active catalysts in total oxidation of phenol at ambient conditions, with extremely low iron leaching (0.2%).  相似文献   

20.
采用程序升温反应法制备了钝化态、还原钝化态和新鲜态Mo2C/γ-Al2O3催化剂,结合原位红外光谱表征技术和反应性能评价,考察、比较了三种催化剂苯加氢反应活性.原位红外光谱结果表明,新鲜态Mo2C/γ-Al2O3催化剂在室温就显示了较好的苯加氢反应活性,表现了类贵金属的催化活性.CO吸附在反应前后新鲜态Mo2C/γ-Al2O3催化剂上的对比结果表明,低价态的Mo位(Moδ+(0δ2))是苯加氢反应活性中心.三种催化剂的反应活性结果表明,新鲜态Mo2C/γ-Al2O3催化剂反应活性最好,催化剂寿命最长,失活之后在500°C下H2处理即可恢复原有活性.  相似文献   

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