Proper Orthogonal Decomposition for steady aerodynamic applications

An approach combining proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) with linear regression, which is called gappy POD, is used to obtain complete flow solutions in steady aerodynamic applications from knowledge of a (suitable) POD basis and the solution at very few points. In aerodynamics the partial or gappy data can be gathered by wind tunnel experiments. The effectiveness of the Gappy POD will be demonstrated on an industrial testcase of the wing-body configuration MEGAFLUG. (© 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Optimality of Balanced Proper Orthogonal Decomposition for Data Reconstruction

Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) finds an orthonormal basis yielding an optimal reconstruction of a given dataset. We consider an optimal data reconstruction problem for two general datasets related to balanced POD, which is an algorithm for balanced truncation model reduction for linear systems. We consider balanced POD outside of the linear systems framework, and prove that it solves the optimal data reconstruction problem. The theoretical result is illustrated with an example.     

On an inexact gradient method using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition for parabolic optimal control problems

This paper is devoted to a numerical solution technique for linear quadratic parabolic optimal control problems using the model order reduction technique of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD). The proposed technique is an inexact gradient descent method where the step size is determined with a line-search algorithm evaluating the state and adjoint equations with POD. The gradient is evaluated with a Finite Element method which allows for a recently developed a posteriori error estimation technique to rate the error in the control. The method is compared to another algorithm presented by Tröltzsch and Volkwein (Comput. Optim. Appl. 42(1):43–63 2009).     

A model reduction approach for hyperelastic materials based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition

In this contribution, we present a model reduction approach for hyperelastic materials based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition. A separation of the solution into time and space dependent functions is performed, which allows to compute reduced solutions within real time. The functionality of the method is demonstrated by a tensile test and is further applied to a stochastic analysis and a multi-parametric analysis involving non-linear material behaviour and large deformations. (© 2015 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Reduced-order modelling of self-excited,time-periodic systems using the method of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition and the Floquet theory

The mathematical models of dynamical systems become more and more complex, and hence, numerical investigations are a time-consuming process. This is particularly disadvantageous if a repeated evaluation is needed, as is the case in the field of model-based design, for example, where system parameters are subject of variation. Therefore, there exists a necessity for providing compact models which allow for a fast numerical evaluation. Nonetheless, reduced models should reflect at least the principle of system dynamics of the original model.

In this contribution, the reduction of dynamical systems with time-periodic coefficients, termed as parametrically excited systems, subjected to self-excitation is addressed. For certain frequencies of the time-periodic coefficients, referred to as parametric antiresonance frequencies, vibration suppression is achieved, as it is known from the literature. It is shown in this article that by using the method of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) excitation at a parametric antiresonance frequency results in a concentration of the main system dynamics in a subspace of the original solution space. The POD method allows to identify this subspace accurately and to set up reduced models which approximate the stability behaviour of the original model in the vicinity of the antiresonance frequency in a satisfying manner. For the sake of comparison, modally reduced models are established as well.     

Modal analysis of wingtip vortices by means of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition

This paper discusses the influence of different wingtip geometries on the first eigenmodes of wingtip vortices. With the use of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) of a turbulent velocity field, a modal decomposition of coherent structures, high energetic eigenmodes are determined. Based on the results found by Fabre et al. [1], these eigenmodes may be a key factor for the stability analysis. (© 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Control of the Burgers Equation by a Reduced-Order Approach Using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition

Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is a method to derive reduced-order models for dynamical systems. In this paper, POD is utilized to solve open-loop and closed-loop optimal control problems for the Burgers equation. The relative simplicity of the equation allows comparison of POD-based algorithms with numerical results obtained from finite-element discretization of the optimality system. For closed-loop control, suboptimal state feedback strategies are presented.     

Computer Simulation of Two-dimensional Random Wave Propagation

A straightforward numerical algorithm for simulating the propagationof a wavefield in a two-dimensional randomly varying mediumis described. Both a finite-difference and a fast Fourier transformmethod are described. These methods are well known, but thereis a novel treatment of the random scattering term in the waveequation that allows accurate answers to be economically obtained.The methods are then tested by comparison with known approximatesolutions for the fourth moment of a propagating wavefield.The two approaches show good agreement, thus confirming theusefulness of the analytic results and at the same time indicatingthat the simulation process should be a powerful tool for investigatingthe higher-order statistics of the field. The agreement shouldhold in situations encountered in optical and acoustic scatteringexperiments.     

Absorbing Interface Conditions for the Simulation of Wave Propagation on Non-Uniform Meshes

We proposed absorbing interface conditions for the simulation of linear wave propagation on non-uniform meshes. Based on the superposition principle of second-order linear wave equations, we decompose the interface condition problem into two subproblems around the interface: for the first one the conventional artificial absorbing boundary conditions is applied, while for the second one, the local analytic solutions can be derived. The proposed interface conditions permit a two-way transmission of low-frequency waves across mesh interfaces which can be supported by both coarse and fine meshes, and perform a one-way absorption of high-frequency waves which can only be supported by fine meshes when they travel from fine mesh regions to coarse ones. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed absorbing interface conditions.     

流体饱和多孔隙介质波动方程小波有限差分法

研究流体饱和多孔隙介质中波动方程的数值模拟．针对求解二维弹性波方程问题,提出小波有限差分法．该方法综合了小波多分辨分析计算灵活、计算效率高特性和有限差分易于实现的优点．数值模拟的结果显示,此方法对于求解流体饱和多孔隙介质方程的数值模拟是有效稳定的．     

Non-linear Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Reduced Order Modeling: Bifurcation Study of a Natural Convection Circuit

Boiling water reactors (BWRs) not only show growing power oscillations at high-power low-flow conditions but also amplitude limited oscillations with temporal flow reversal. Methodologies, applicable in the non-linear regime, allow insight into the physical mechanisms behind BWR dynamics. The present paper aims at a general non-linear methodology capable to achieve reliable and numerical stable reduced order models (ROMs). Model-specific options and prediction capabilities are adressed and illustrated by means of two strongly non-linear dynamical systems: Firstly, the tubular reactor (TR), treated as a generic “pathologic” test case for perturbation investigations violating the inlet conditions, and secondly, the natural convection in a closed circuit (NCC), considered due to dynamical similarities to BWRs. (© 2013 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Simulation of Wave Propagation in Complex Structures with the Spectral Element Method

In nondestructive testing, the use of ultrasonic elastic waves has proven as one of the most successful principles to detect structural damage like cracks, delaminations etc. Especially, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is characterized by permanently installed embedded or surface–mounted actuators and sensors (e.g. piezoelectric patches). The capability of most approaches strongly depends on adequate choice of parameters like excitation signals and actuator/sensor positions. For this reason there is a growing interest in efficient and accurate simulation tools to shorten time and cost of the necessary pretests. With respect to high frequency excitation a computationally efficient method is required. This contribution presents the theoretical background of the spectral element method including the electro–mechanical coupling of piezo elements. The spectral element method generates a diagonal mass matrix leading to significant savings of memory and to a crucial reduction of complexity of the time integration algorithm. Both in–plane and out–of–plane waves can be handled. Numerical examples for the propagation of waves in stiffened structures are presented. The effect of improper placement of actuators/sensors is shown. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Modelling of Wave Propagation using Spectral Finite Elements

For the analysis of wave propagation at high frequencies, the spectral finite element method (SFEM) is under investigation. In contrast to the conventional finite element method high-order shape functions are used. They are composed of Lagrange polynomials with nodes at the Gauß-Lobatto-Legendre points. The Gauß-Lobatto-Legendre integration scheme is applied in order to obtain a diagonal mass matrix. So, the resulting system equations can be solved efficiently. In the numerical examples, spectral finite elements with shape functions of different order are applied to a plane strain problem. The numerical examples cover structures without and with stiffness discontinuities. It is shown that the results agree well with analytical solutions. (© 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Efficient Simulation of Wave Propagation with Implicit Finite Difference Schemes

Finite difference method is an important methodology in the approximation of waves. In this paper, we will study two implicit finite difference schemes for the simulation of waves. They are the weighted alternating direction implicit (ADI) scheme and the locally one-dimensional (LOD) scheme. The approximation errors, stability conditions, and dispersion relations for both schemes are investigated. Our analysis shows that the LOD implicit scheme has less dispersion error than that of the ADI scheme. Moreover, the unconditional stability for both schemes with arbitrary spatial accuracy is established for the first time. In order to improve computational efficiency, numerical algorithms based on message passing interface (MPI) are implemented. Numerical examples of wave propagation in a three-layer model and a standard complex model are presented. Our analysis and comparisons show that both ADI and LOD schemes are able to efficiently and accurately simulate wave propagation in complex media.     

地形构造中地震波传播的非对称交错网格模拟

提出了一种新的三维空间对称交错网格差分方法,模拟地形构造中弹性波传播过程．通过具有二阶时间精度和四阶空间精度的不规则网格差分算子用来近似一阶弹性波动方程,引入附加差分公式解决非均匀交错网格的不对称问题．该方法无需在精细网格和粗糙网格间进行插值,所有网格点上的计算在同一次空间迭代中完成．使用精细不规则网格处理海底粗糙界面、 断层和空间界面等复杂几何构造, 理论分析和数值算例表明, 该方法不但节省了大量内存和计算时间, 而且具有令人满意的稳定性和精度．在模拟地形构造中地震波传播时,该方法比常规方法效率更高．     

Chebyshev Polynomials and the Proper Decomposition of Functions

Theoretical and Mathematical Physics - We study the equivalence property of scalar products, based on which we can find the rows of the Chebyshev polynomial sets. For each function in the space...     

A Proper Generalized Decomposition for the solution of elliptic problems in abstract form by using a functional Eckart-Young approach

The Proper Generalized Decomposition (PGD) is a methodology initially proposed for the solution of partial differential equations (PDE) defined in tensor product spaces. It consists in constructing a separated representation of the solution of a given PDE. In this paper we consider the mathematical analysis of this framework for a larger class of problems in an abstract setting. In particular, we introduce a generalization of Eckart and Young theorem which allows to prove the convergence of the so-called progressive PGD for a large class of linear problems defined in tensor product Hilbert spaces.     

多尺度辛格式求解复杂介质波传问题

在哈密顿体系中引入小波分析,利用辛格式和紧支正交小波对波动方程的时、空间变量进行联合离散近似,构造了多尺度辛格式——MSS（Multiresolution Symplectic Scheme）．将地震波传播问题放在小波域哈密顿体系下的多尺度辛几何空间中进行分析,利用小波基与辛格式的特性,有效改善了计算效率,可解决波动力学长时模拟追踪的稳定性与逼真性．     

动脉中脉搏波传播分析

将血管简化为弹性管,并考虑组织对血管壁的约束,利用力学方法建立血液流过血管的力学模型．通过理论分析对脉搏波在血管中的传播规律进行研究,同时分析了血液粘性、血管壁弹性模量、管径对波的传播的影响．通过对考虑血液粘性和不考虑血液粘性的结果比较,发现血液的粘性对脉搏波的传播的影响不能忽略,并且当弹性模量增大时,传播速度增大,血流的压力值增高;血管直径减小时,血流压力也增高,脉搏波速度增大．理论分析得到的结果也有助于利用脉搏波的信息来分析和辅助诊断一些人体疾病的病因．     

某些发展方程的渐近波速和行波解研究简介

非线性发展方程渐近波速和行波解的存在性是发展方程理论研究中两个重要课题,因其具有强烈的实际背景和对数学理论提出的许多挑战性问题,正引起愈来愈多数学家的广泛关注,近30多年来,特别是近10年,对一些典型类型发展方程行波解及其相关的最小波速、渐近波速的理论研究得到了迅速发展,涌现出很多代表性的成果,本文力求总结这一领域的最新进展,向读者展示相关问题发展的背景、线索、脉络和重要的研究方法,以期待研究的进一步深入。