脱氧核糖核酸变性和损伤的吸附伏安法研究

本文用汞电极（ＨＭＤＥ）二次导数阴极吸附伏安（ＳＤ－ＡｄＣＳＶ）和碳电极（ＧＣＥ、ＣＰＥ）导数循环伏安（ＦＤ－ＣＶ）法研究了核酸受热、紫外线、超声波和丝裂霉素Ｃ（ＭＭＣ）作用下的变性作用。在０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４＋ＫＨ２ＰＯ４）－０．１ｍｏｌ．Ｌ ＮａＣｌ（ｐＨ７．０）底液中，吸附的单股（ｓｓ－）和双螺旋（ｄｓ－）ＤＮＡ分别在ＨＭＤＥ上得到特征还原峰Ｐ３和Ｐ２，和在碳电极上得到氧化峰Ａ。物     

铬（Ⅵ）与5－溴水杨基荧光酮的显色反应及应用

本文研究了Ｃｒ（Ⅳ）与５－溴水杨基荧光酮（５－Ｂｒ－ＳＡＦ）的显色反应。在ｐＨ６．０ＫＨ＿２ＰＯ＿４－ＮａＯＨｉＬ冲溶液中，Ｃｒ（Ⅳ）与５－Ｂｒ－ＳＡＦ、ＣＴＭＡＢ形式稳定的三元络合物，其最大吸收波长为５７２ｎｍ，表现摩尔吸光系数为１．４２×１０￣５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）·ｃｍ￣（－１）。Ｃｒ（Ⅳ）浓度在０～２．５μｇ／１０ｍＬ间服从比耳定律。用此法测定了环境水样中微量Ｃｒ（Ⅳ），获得满意结果。     

化学合成环取代聚苯胺的电化学行为

聚邻甲苯胺（ＰＯＴ）、聚２,５ 二甲氧苯胺（ＰＤＭＡｎ）和聚间氯代苯胺（ＰＣｌＡｎ）由化学法合成而得,用它们的二甲基甲酰胺溶液在铂上成膜以制得聚合物修饰电极．循环伏安实验表明：在１ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４中,ＰＯＴ的氧化还原分两步进行,呈现两对氧化还原峰,ＰＤＭＡｎ只在较负的电位区呈现两对氧化还原峰,而ＰＣｌＡｎ不呈氧化还原活性．不同电位下的交流阻抗特征与循环伏安图相对应．三种聚合物膜电极在０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＫ３［Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６］溶液中的伏安图也证明铁氰离子的还原速度依ＰＯＴ＞ＰＤＭＡｎ＞ＰＣｌＡｎ的顺序而下降．环取代基的影响用电子效应和几何效应进行解释．可溶性聚苯胺便于制作大面积器件,环取代基对调节聚苯胺的电化学性能具有重要作用,值得进一步研究．     

紫外分光光度-CPA矩阵法同时测定2-(2′-呋喃基)苯并咪唑和邻苯二胺

研究了２－（２′－呋喃基）苯并咪唑（ＦＢＤ）和邻苯二胺（ＯＰＡ）在无水乙醇溶液中的紫外吸收光谱，建立了多波长同时测定ＦＢＤ和ＯＰＡ的紫外光度ＣＰＡ矩阵法。ＦＢＤ和ＯＰＡ分别在０．１～１０ｍｇ／Ｌ和１．０～１００ｍｇ／Ｌ的浓度范围，ＦＢＤ和ＯＰＡ的回收率均大于９３％，相对标准偏差小于７．５％。     

Electrochemical Behavior of Chemically Prepared Ring-Substituted Polyanilines

聚邻甲苯胺（ＰＯＴ）、聚２，５二甲氧苯胺（ＰＤＭＡｎ）和聚间氯代苯胺（ＰＣｌＡｎ）由化学法合成而得，用它们的二甲基甲酰胺溶液在铂上成膜以制得聚合物修饰电极．循环伏安实验表明：在１ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４中，ＰＯＴ的氧化还原分两步进行，呈现两对氧化还原峰，ＰＤＭＡｎ只在较负的电位区呈现两对氧化还原峰，而ＰＣｌＡｎ不呈氧化还原活性．不同电位下的交流阻抗特征与循环伏安图相对应．三种聚合物膜电极在０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＫ３［Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６］溶液中的伏安图也证明铁氰离子的还原速度依ＰＯＴ＞ＰＤＭＡｎ＞ＰＣｌＡｎ的顺序而下降．环取代基的影响用电子效应和几何效应进行解释．可溶性聚苯胺便于制作大面积器件，环取代基对调节聚苯胺的电化学性能具有重要作用，值得进一步研究．     

Mo（Ⅵ）－PAN与Mo（Ⅵ）－PAR体系的极谱性质对比研究

本文比较了Ｍｏ（Ⅵ）－１－（２－吡啶基偶氮）－２－萘酚（ＰＡＮ）与Ｍｏ（Ⅵ）－４（２－吡啶基偶氮）间苯二酚（ＰＡＲ）的极谱性质，讨论它们在作为吸附波试剂时的优缺点，以求得在选择络合剂时的感性和理性认识．本文还报道了Ｍｏ（Ⅵ）－ＰＡＮ－ＫＢｒＯ３吸附催化波体系，最佳实验条件，０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＡｃ－－ＮａＡｃ，ｐＨ＝４．６，０．０１ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＢｒＯ３，２．５×１０－５ｍｏｌ／ＬＰＡＮ．峰电位为－０．７１Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），检出限１×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，线性范围０～６×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ     

“浓度对Fe(SCN)_3生成平衡的影响”实验的改进和剖析

高中《化学》第三册（选修）实验１－４［１］和新编高中《化学》（试验本）第二册（Ⅱ）实验 ３－１［２］是浓度对化学平衡影响的实验。依教材所述方法进行演示，观察到的现象（指让全体学生平视观察所看到的现象，下同）是：０．０１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＦｅＣ１３溶液和 ０． ０１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＫＳＣＮ溶液等体积混合后的溶液中，补加少量１ｍｏｌ／ＬＦｅＣ１３溶液，颜色加深不明显；而若补加相同量的１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＫＳＣＮ溶液，颜色加深特别明显。为什么会有这样大的差别？笔者提出如下分析，并对实验做出改进，供同行参考。１补加 ＦｅＣ１…     

硼掺杂多晶金刚石薄膜电极的电化学特性

用循环伏安法和恒电位法研究了硼掺杂多晶金刚石薄膜电极（ＤＦＥ）的若干电化学特性。电极面积４×４ｍｍ＾２。在０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＫＣｌ，ＮａＮＯ３，ＮａＯＨ和ＫＨ２ＰＯ４＋Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４（ｐＨ＝６．８６）电解质溶液中电势窗口均为－５００￣＋８００ｍＶ；而在０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＣｌ和Ｈ２ＳＯ４溶液中电势窗口为－２００￣＋１１００ｍＶ．Ｋ３Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６的氧化峰电位为＋５００ｍＶ，与Ｐｔ电极测量相同；校正     

催化动力学光度法测定痕量苯酚

研究了在硫酸介质中苯酚对Ｉ＾－１催化Ｃｅ＾４＋－Ａｓ（Ⅲ）反应的抑制作用及其动力学条件。建立了用催化动力这光度法测定痕量苯酚的新方法，结果表明，在０．００１ｍｏｌ／ＬＣｅ（ＳＯ４）２，０．００１２５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ａｓ２Ｏ３，０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＫＩ，０．０１２５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｈ２ＳＯ４和０．１３％（ｗ／ｖ）ＮａＣｌ溶液中测定苯酚，其表面摩尔吸光系数为２．１×１０＾５Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１．ｃｍ＾－１，线性范围     

精氨酸在苯甲醛存在下的吸附溶出伏安法研究

在０．２ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＯＨ－０．０４ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ３ＰＯ４－０．０２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４－０．０４ｍｏｌ／ＬＣＨ３ＣＯＯＨ溶液中，精氨酸（Ａｒｇ）在苯甲醛存在下产生一灵敏的吸附波。实验证明电活性物质为α－苯亚甲基精氨酸，其电极反应机理是分子内α－＞Ｃ＝Ｎ基团被还原为亚胺。用该吸附波可在１×１０（－３）～２×１０（－６）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内分析蛋白质中的Ａｒｇ。     

活性炭纤维对挥发性有机物的吸附及其等温线的拟合

空气中挥发性有机化合物（VOC）严重危害人的身体健康,因而研究VOC的去除具有重要意义。本文研究了不同比表面积粘胶基活性炭纤维（ACF）对低浓度VOC,丁酮和苯的吸附,并用Freundilch方程和DR方程对吸附等温线进行了拟合。结果表明：当丁酮的浓度高于100ppm时,比表面积高的ACF吸附容量高;当浓度低于100ppm时,情形正好相反。在实验浓度范围,较高比表面积的活性炭纤维对苯的吸附表现出了较高的吸附容量。Freundlich方程和DR方程能很好地拟合吸附等温线。     

Adsorption of Acid Orange II from Aqueous Solution by Plasma Modified Activated Carbon Fibers

As a main composition of dye wastewater, organic pollutant which has a negative effect on the environment can be effectively removed by active carbon adsorption. In the present work, activated carbon fiber (ACF) was modified by a novel modification technology, gilding arc discharge, while its adsorption capacity was studied with the acid orange II (AO II) solution selected as the target wastewater. Several factors, such as air flow rate, distance between samples and the discharge area, pH of the solution and plasma treating time, were investigated with respect to their effects on properties of the plasma-treated ACF, in terms of texture characteristic, surface chemical compositions and adsorption capacities. The results showed that the specific surface area and pore volume of ACF decreased after the plasma treatment, while the amounts of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of ACF increased compared with the raw ACF. Moreover, it was observed that the adsorption capacity of the modified ACF was improved by nearly 20.9 %, which was beneficial to the industrial application.     

乙烯渣油沥青基活性炭纤维和粘胶基活性炭纤维的表面性质与脱硫活性

研究了在O2和H2O存在下,乙烯渣油沥青基活性炭纤维(ETPACF)和粘胶基活性炭纤维(CelluloseACF)的脱硫活性.结果表明,在比表面积相近的情况下,ETPACF的脱硫活性明显低于CelluloseACF,这可归因于后者具有较强的吸附和催化氧化SO2能力及较大的吸水量,尤其是具有较强的催化氧化SO2的能力,这些能力又与其表面含有含氮官能团以及某些含氧官能团有关,因此ACF的表面官能团对其脱硫活性影响很大.     

Study of Static Adsorption Capacity of ACF for Xenon at 201 K

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｒａｄｉｏｘｅｎｏｎｓａｒｅｎｕｃｌｅａｒｆｉｓｓｉｏｎｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ .ＡｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏｔｈｅＣｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｖｅＮｕｃｌｅａｒ Ｔｅｓｔ ＢａｎＴｒｅａｔｙ (ＣＴＢＴ) ,ｔｈｅｎｕｃｌｅａｒｅｖｅｎｔｓｗｈｉｃｈｖｉｏｌａｔｅｔｈｅｔｒｅａｔｙｍａｙｂｅｆｏｕｎｄｂｙｍｏｎｉｔｏｒｉｎｇｒａｄｉｏｘｅｎｏｎｓｉｎｇｌｏｂａｌａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅｗｉｔｈＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＭｏｎｉｔｏｒｉｎｇＳｙｓ ｔｅｍ(ＩＭＳ) .Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ ,ａｌｌｘｅｎｏｎｓ…     

Modeling breakthrough curves of volatile organic compounds on activated carbon fibers

Granular activated carbon (GAC) and more recently activated carbon fibers (ACF) are used for the treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in industrial processes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the adsorption kinetics of ACF to eliminate VOC from polluted air. This approach is carried out by modeling experimental breakthrough curves with two kinds of models: an equilibrium model and a mass transfer model based on a linear driving force (LDF) in conjunction with the Langmuir equilibrium model. The results show the influence of the intraparticle diffusion on the adsorption kinetics of ACF, in spite of their small fiber diameter. Moreover, external diffusion kinetics is fast because of the influence of the large external surface area of ACF on the VOC mass transfer.     

The effect of carbonisation temperatures on nanoporous characteristics of activated carbon fibre (ACF) derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibre

Activated carbon fibre (ACF) is a nanoporous material which is useful for various important applications such as safe biogas and natural gas storage as well as heavy/precious metals removal and recovery. It is commonly produced from synthetic fibres such as rayon, polyacrylnitrile and pitch mainly derived from petroleum products, which are less environmental friendly. Besides, cost of ACF production is high due to the high burnt off percentage of such expensive raw materials. As an alternative, natural fibre of oil palm empty fruit bunch was used as a raw material for ACF preparation. Thermogravimetric analysis was carried out with two different gases, i.e. nitrogen gas and oxygen gas in order to observe pyrolysis and combustion behaviours in different gases. Carbonisation temperatures were then identified from the peaks of derivative thermogravimetry results. Different carbonisation temperatures (85?C200?°C) were chosen to carbonise the EFB fibre to observe the effect of carbonisation temperatures on the nanoporous characteristics, i.e. surface area, pore size distribution and pore volume of the ACF produced. Good nanoporous characteristics such as surface area up to 2,740?m²/g of the ACF prepared were observed, suggesting EFB fibre as an excellent candidate to replace synthetic fibre for ACF production. The discussion of relationship between thermal characteristics and nanopores in ACF derived from EFB were also included in this study.     

煤沥青的电化学加氢──Ⅰ．原料煤沥青的预处理和组成结构分析

为选择适于作为碳纤维原料的煤沥青，对三种中低温煤沥青的预处理和组成结构进行了研究，同时对其中的太钢煤沥青进行了热缩聚制取中间相沥青的结构变化分析。研究分析结果表明，只要经过合适的工艺路线进行处理，这三种煤沥青都有可能作为沥青基碳纤维的原料。     

常温下活性碳纤维对氙的动态吸附性能研究

本文研究了光致电离检测器的检测性能和四种活性碳纤维对氙的动态吸附,并且讨论了影响活性碳纤维动态吸附氙的两个影响因素,结果表明：光致电离检测器可以实现对氙的特征性检出;活性碳纤维对氙的动态吸附性能良好,是一种很好的氙吸附材料。     

Direct removal of trace ionic iodide from acetic acid via porous carbon spheres

The main purpose of this paper is to report the direct removal of trace ionic iodide (I(-)) from acetic acid through porous carbon spheres (PCS) derived from the carbonization of poly(vinylidene chloride). The surface morphology and pore size distribution of the PCS are distinct from activated carbon (AC); thus they possess the peculiar performance of removing ionic iodide from acetic acid. The easy reach of micropores in the PCS was different from that of AC, but similar to that of activated carbon fiber (ACF). The iodide removal process has a strong relation with temperature, which is a typical feature of physical adsorption. The ionic iodide content in acetic acid used in the adsorption experiment was at the parts per billion level, and the factors influencing the adsorption are discussed in detail.     

Nitrogen adsorption on fluorinated activated carbon fiber

Nitrogen adsorption isotherms for fluorinated activated carbon fiber (F-ACF) and fluorinated carbon black (F-CB) were measured at 77 K. Surface structures of F-ACF and F-CB were examined by _s -plot analysis using the adsorption data on the nonporous carbon black (CB) and F-CB. The surface energy of F-ACF was lower than that of ACF. The micropore structure of ACF was preserved even after fluorination, although the limiting adsorption amount and the micropore width decreased with fluorination.