Ultimate parameters of the photon collider at the international linear collider

At linear colliders, the e ⁺ e ⁻ luminosity is limited by beam-collision effects, which determine the required emittances of beams in damping rings (DRs). In γγ collisions at the photon collider, these effects are absent, and so smaller emittances are desirable. In the present damping ring designs, nominal DR parameters correspond to those required for e ⁺ e ⁻ collisions. In this note, I would like to stress once again that as soon as we plan the photon collider mode of ILC operation, the damping ring emittances are dictated by the photon collider requirements — namely, they should be as small as possible. This can be achieved by adding more wigglers to the DRs; the incremental cost is easily justified by a considerable potential improvement of the γγ luminosity. No expert analysis exists as of now, but it seems realistic to obtain a factor five increase of the γγ luminosity compared to the ‘nominal’ DR design.      

The lay-out of the photon collider at the international linear collider

One of the interaction regions at the linear colliders should be compatible both with e ⁺ e ⁻ and γγ, γe modes of operation. In this paper, the differences in requirements and possible design solutions are discussed.      

超级质子-质子对撞机中束流热屏的热-结构耦合模拟分析

束流热屏(beam screen)是新一代高能粒子对撞机中的重要部件,用于将束流在管道中运行时产生的热量转移到冷却系统中,同时通过束流热屏上的排气孔将残余气体输送至冷管壁上,维持良好的真空度.然而,在转移热负载的过程中,温度变化产生的形变会影响束流热屏的结构稳定性.如何在保证束流热屏良好传热性能的情况下,尽量减小形变是优化束流热屏结构设计的关键问题之一.本文采用ANSYS软件对束流热屏模型的传热性能和力学性能进行了模拟,并优化了束流热屏结构设计,增强其传热性能和结构稳定性.对于束流热屏外屏的内表面,采用减小铜涂层厚度的方式来降低运行过程中产生的洛伦兹力.相关理论模型计算结果表明:与厚度为100μm的铜涂层工况相比,当铜涂层的厚度在0到100μm之间变化时,厚度为75μm的铜涂层可以使束流热屏外屏的最大形变降低70.9%,同时使束流热屏的最高温度升高1.1%.对于束流热屏内屏,采用间隔布置支撑肋片的设计方案对束流热屏的结构进行加固处理,提高束流热屏整体的结构稳定性.计算结果表明:与未加支撑肋片的工况相比,当相邻两个支撑肋片之间的间隔为1个排气孔时,束流热屏内屏的最大形变可降低86.8%,同时使束流热屏的最高温度降低7.69%.研究成果为新一代高能粒子加速器真空系统中关键部件束流热屏的设计提供重要的理论参考.     

Photon structure function in supersymmetric QCD revisited

We investigate the virtual photon structure function in the supersymmetric QCD (SQCD), where we have squarks and gluinos in addition to the quarks and gluons. Taking into account the heavy particle mass effects to the leading order in QCD and SQCD we evaluate the photon structure function and numerically study its behavior for the QCD and SQCD cases.     

一种带有弹簧的丝型同步光位置检测器

 介绍了合肥光源机器诊断光束线上具有弹簧系统的丝型光位置检测器，经过标定该检测器的线性范围大于4 mm，灵敏度约为0.197 9 mm^-1。通过不同束流流强下同步光垂直尺寸的测量，发现束流流强对同步光垂直尺寸的影响不大，不需要对灵敏度进行修正。进行了无氧铜板施加正偏压的测量，在施加正偏压时能够提高线性范围和略改善信噪比。     

Gamma gamma technology group

The results presented at this conference in the γγ technology group are described.      

Power losses in the international linear collider 20 mrad extraction line at 1 TeV

We have performed a detailed study of the power losses in the post-collision extraction line of a TeV e ⁺ e ⁻ collider with a crossing angle of 20 mrad at the interaction point. Five cases were considered: four luminosity configurations for ILC and one for CLIC. For all of them, the strong beam-beam effects at the interaction point lead to an emittance growth for the outgoing beam, as well as to the production of beamstrahlung photons and e ⁺ e ⁻ coherent pairs. The power losses along the extraction line, which are due to energy deposition by a fraction of the disrupted beam, of the beamstrahlung photons and of the coherent pairs, were estimated in the case of ideal collisions, as well as with a vertical position or angular offset at the interaction point.      

采用对数比处理技术的同步光位置测量系统

 对于双丝型同步光位置检测器，对数比处理技术较差比和处理技术具有更宽的线性范围和动态范围。利用美国BB公司的高精度对数运算放大器LOG112实现电流电压转换，研制了一种采用对数比处理技术的同步光位置测量系统，垂直方向光位置测量分辨率约为1 μm，线性范围大于±3 mm。与合肥同步辐射光源原有同步光位置测量系统相比，具有较高的性价比。     

The impact of BeamCal performance at different international linear collider beam parameters and crossing angles on $$ \tilde \tau $$ searches

The ILC accelerator parameters and detector concepts are still under discussion in the world-wide community. As will be shown, the performance of the BeamCal, the calorimeter in the very forward area of the ILC detector, is very sensitive to the beam parameter and crossing angle choices. We propose here BeamCal designs for small (0 or 2 mrad) and large (20 mrad) crossing angles and report about the veto performance study done. As an illustration, the influence of several proposed beam parameter sets and crossing angles on the signal-to-background ratio in the stau search is estimated for a particular realization of the supersymmetric model.      

The E166 experiment: Development of an undulator-based polarized positron source for the international linear collider

A longitudinal polarized positron beam is foreseen for the international linear collider (ILC). A proof-of-principle experiment has been performed in the final focus test beam at SLAC to demonstrate the production of polarized positrons for implementation at the ILC. The E166 experiment uses a 1 m long helical undulator in a 46.6 GeV electron beam to produce a few MeV photons with a high degree of circular polarization. These photons are then converted in a thin target to generate longitudinally polarized e ⁺ and e ⁻. The positron polarization is measured using a Compton transmission polarimeter. The data analysis has shown asymmetries in the expected vicinity of 3.4% and ∼1% for photons and positrons respectively and the expected positron longitudinal polarization is covering a range from 50% to 90%.      

超声波扩散角的测量方法改进

为了提高利用小孔反射法测量超声波扩散角的准确度,采用多点测量获得小孔反射波强度分布曲线,通过数据处理软件得到此分布曲线的半峰全宽,在此基础上校正小孔尺寸对测量结果的影响.     

高能光源束流位置探测器支撑架结构优化设计

从热稳定性和振动稳定性两个角度出发,优化设计得到了超高稳定的刚性支撑架结构;通过ANSYS有限元模态分析,验证了结构的热膨胀变化量和特征频率;采用混凝土二次灌浆方法对支撑架进行地面固定和特征频率测试,结果表明,支撑架结构的特征频率达到61.9 Hz、振动幅值小于30 nm,均满足设计要求。最后采用动态刚度测试方法,得到混凝土二次灌浆层的主要刚度值,进一步验证支撑架结构优化结果的准确性。     

光束线光斑位置监测系统

描述了基于CCD摄像的同步辐射光束线光斑位置监测系统.在光束线运行中实时监测光斑与入射狭缝的相对位置.已在国家同步辐射实验室多条光束线安装.对光斑位置及其角度监测的准确度分别达到10.53 μm、2.3 μrad,具有较高的灵敏度.在线监测到同步辐射光斑的垂直抖动0.37 mm、扭转角度83 μrad.说明此时电子束流不稳定,偏离了预计的轨道.同时,为同步辐射光束线的调试和电子束流的诊断提供了可靠的依据.     

Photon sieve for reduction of the far-field diffraction spot size in the laser free-space communication system

In the free-space laser communication, there is sometimes a strong need for reduction of the diffraction spot size in the far field. In this paper, instead of the usage of the larger size aperture lens and super-resolution technology in the free-space laser communication system, we introduce photon sieve to compress the center spot in the diffractive far field, which can decrease the weight of the emitting lens. We have designed the photon sieve and calculated its far-field diffractive intensity. We have also calculated the far field Airy diffractive field intensity. Simulation proves that the photon sieve diffractive spot is smaller than the Airy spot with the same transmit aperture. We have set up an experimental system to simulate the far-field diffraction free-space laser communication. Experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical results. Detailed experiments are presented.     

利用虚光子康普顿散射对同步辐射和回旋辐射的研究

从虚光子的康普顿散射出发,提出了一个同步辐射理论,其波长的计算结果与实验数据很吻合,该理论同时还解释了同步辐射的方向性和宽广的连续光谱等问题,并且当粒子的能量不大时,由该理论可以推出回旋辐射理论     

激光等离子体中多光子非线性Compton散射的光子加速

利用相对论性电子与光子非弹性碰撞模型，研究了激光等离子体中发生多光子非线性Gompton散射时，由于尾波场的作用而引起的散射光子频率的变化。结果表明，光子可以从激光场中获得能量，在光子总数减少的情况下，光子频率增大，光子获得加速。     

用LabVIEW实现基于光子计数的动态光散射系统

利用虚拟仪器开发软件LabVIEW设计了基于光子计数原理的动态光散射纳米颗粒测量系统．采用光电倍增管（H6240-01）作为检测器件以及光子计数板（M9003）对单光子信号计数，利用LabVIEW作为软件平台，并用brookhaven的标准纳米颗粒进行了实验，取得了较好的测量效果．     

对受激布里渊散射激光进行组束的数值模拟及方案设计

提出了时间上串行的多路激光脉冲通过受激布里渊散射(SBS)池进行组束的方法,并对其进行了数值模拟研究。利用6束每束能量为45J的KrF激光进行组束, 可获得能量为141.89J,脉宽为670ps的Stokes输出光。根据模拟结果设计出了时间上串行的SBS激光组束的两个方案, 对其进行了讨论。数值模拟还发现在介质的增益系数更大、声子寿命更短的情况下,输出激光脉冲的脉宽可以压缩得更窄。     

高斯光束在双层云中传输的蒙特卡罗模拟

基于辐射传输理论, 利用蒙特卡罗方法模拟了无限窄(冲击函数)准直光束入射到典型水云以及冰水双层云时的后向散射特性, 进而将得到的冲击响应与高斯光束卷积, 得到高斯光束在云层中传输的多次散射特性. 文中给出了两种波束入射时水云以及冰水双层云的反射函数随径向r和天顶角α的变化关系, 并给出了光强在云层内部的二维分布图. 计算结果表明, 高斯光束入射时, 云层反射函数的特点与无限窄准直光束入射时有较大区别. 因此在利用激光雷达进行云层探测时需要考虑激光的散斑, 文中的方法可以为此提供理论依据.     

Fast and precise luminosity measurement at the international linear collider

The detectors of the ILC will feature a calorimeter system in the very forward region. The system comprises mainly two electromagnetic calorimeters: LumiCal, which is dedicated to the measurement of the absolute luminosity with highest precision and BeamCal, which uses the energy deposition from beamstrahlung pairs for a fast luminosity measure and the determination of beam parameters. The FCAL system is designed as a universal system fitting all detector concepts. It was implemented and simulated as a subsystem of the large detector concept [1]. The studies are carried out within the FCAL collaboration. http://www-zeuthen.desy.de/ILC/fcal/EUROTeV-Report-2006-095