液态金属Ni3Al凝固过程中结构转变的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学模拟方法对液态Ni3Al凝固过程进行了研究,考察了不同冷却速度下液态Ni3Al结构变化特点,原子间相互作用势采用F－S多体势,结构分析采用键取向序和对分析技术,计算结果表明,冷却速度对液态Ni3Al结构转变有重要影响,给出了不同冷却速度下液态Ni3Al结构转变的微观信息。     

液态合金NiAl凝固过程中微观结构转变的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学模拟方法对液态NiAl凝固过程进行了研究 ,考察了不同冷却速度下液态NiAl结构变化特点 ,原子间相互作用势采用F S多体势 ,结构分析采用键取向序和对分析技术 .计算结果表明 ,冷却速度对液态NiAl结构转变有重要影响 ,在不同的冷却速度下 ,NiAl凝固过程出现了明显不同 ,冷速为 4× 10 13 和4× 10 12 K/s时 ,NiAl快速凝固为无序的非晶体结构 ;而在较慢的 8× 10 11K/s冷速下 ,NiAl凝固为晶态结构 .给出了不同冷却速度下液态NiAl结构转变的微观信息 .     

热镀铜层冷凝过程的分子动力学模拟

采用常温、常压分子动力学模拟方法和FS(Finnis Sinclair)势 ,研究了在周期性边界条件下由 5 0 0个原子构成的液态Cu模型系统的凝固过程 ,考察了不同降温速率下Cu的凝固行为 ,得到了不同温度、不同冷却速率下Cu的双体分布函数 ;采用HA键型指数法统计了各种小原子团在不同温度下所占比例 ,采用键取向序分析了体系降温全过程的局域取向对称性 ,得到原子体系微观结构组态变化的重要信息 ;最后 ,利用能量分析的方法对体系微观结构的变化进行了说明 ,给出了液态Cu冷凝过程中微观结构转变的重要信息 .     

Cu3Au熔体快速冷却过程微观结构演化的分子动力学模拟

利用分子动力学模拟技术研究了金属间化合物Cu3Au熔体的双体分布函数g(r)在快速凝固条件下随温度的变化情况，结果表明，Cu3Au降温至700K时第二峰已发生劈裂，液态金属中已经产生了非晶态；用键对分析技术详细考察了Cu3Au中微观组团随温度的演化特点，液体中的键对数及多面体数与温度的关系都表明，Cu3Au在向非晶转变的过程中，的确发生了微观结构组态的变化，其中以液体中的缺陷多面体随温度变化最为剧烈。非晶不是过冷液态的“冻结”。     

Cu3Au熔体快速冷却过程微观结构演化的分子动力学模拟

利用分子动力学模拟技术研究了金属间化合物Cu3Au熔体的双体分布函数g(r)在快速凝固条件下随温度的变化情况,结果表明,Cu3Au降温至700K时第二峰已发生劈裂,液态金属中已经产生了非晶态;用键对分析技术详细考察了Cu3Au中微观组团随温度的演化特点,液体中的键对数及多面体数与温度的关系都表明,Cu3Au在向非晶转变的过程中,的确发生了微观结构组态的变化,其中以液体中的缺陷多面体随温度变化最为剧烈.非晶不是过冷液态的"冻结".     

耐蚀合金Al3Ni和Ni3Al液态冷凝过程的比较研究

采用F S多体势对液态合金Al3Ni和Ni3Al在不同冷却速度下的微观结构及其转变机制进行了分子动力学模拟 ,得到了不同冷速下各温度的双体分布函数 ;采用HA键型指数法对其结构进行了分析 ,结果表明 :Al3Ni在两种冷速下均以非晶的形式出现 ,只是慢冷时体系的有序度略有升高 ;而Ni3Al的结构及能量转变受冷速影响较大 ,快冷时形成非晶 ,而慢冷时出现明显结晶 ;同样冷速下Al含量较少的Ni3Al体系的有序度高 ,更易形成晶体 ,晶体的形成过程中有能量突变 .     

用FS多体势模型模拟金属铜的冷却过程

采用常温、常压分子动力学模拟方法模拟了在周期性边界条件下由500个原子构成的液态Cu模型系统的凝固过程,考察了不同降温速率下液态Cu的凝固行为.模拟结果很好地重现了实验值.模拟中原子间作用势采用FS势,结构分析采用双体分布函数、对分析技术、内能、均方位移等方法,得到了原子体系微观结构组态变化的重要信息,并利用能量分析的方法对体系微观结构的变化进行了说明.     

液态合金Ni3Al慢冷过程的计算机模拟

采用F-S多体势对液态合金Ni3Al在4×1011K·s-1的冷速下冷却时的微观结构及其转变机制进行了分子动力学模拟,得到了不同冷速下各温度的双体分布函数;采用HA键型指数法和键取向序对其结构进行了分析,结果表明Ni3Al出现明显结晶,晶体的形成过程中有能量突变.模拟得到的扩散系数值与实验值基本吻合.     

基于遗传算法的Au-Cu-Pt三元合金纳米粒子的稳定结构研究

合金纳米粒子展示出单金属粒子所不具有的多功能性能, 而其稳定结构的研究对于进一步了解其催化性能具有重要的意义. 本文采用改进的遗传算法和量子修正Sutton-Chen型多体势对二十四面体Au-Cu-Pt三元合金纳米粒子的稳态结构进行了系统的研究. 针对不同尺寸、不同组成比例的合金纳米粒子, 探讨了遗传算法的收敛性及初始构型对稳态结构的影响. 计算的结果表明: 初始结构的选取并不影响最终的稳定结构, 并且改进的遗传算法具有较好的稳定性; Au和Cu形成表面偏聚, 而Pt则倾向于分布在内层; 当Au或Cu比例较小时, Au和Cu表现出表面最大偏聚; 当Au与Cu原子数之和大于表面原子数时, 二者表现出竞争偏聚, 且Cu的偏聚效应较强; 随着Au, Cu原子数继续增长至大于表面和次表面原子数之和时, Au的偏聚性能增强. 此外, Cu在占据表面后, 会越过次外层, 与Pt在内层形成混合相结构.     

金属Cu晶化与玻璃化行为的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学模拟的方法,运用Mishin镶嵌原子模型,研究了液态Cu在不同冷却条件下的晶化与玻璃化行为.记录了系统能量、体积、径向分布函数及公共近邻的变化,并在0K分析了弛豫后系统原子内能、原子Voronoi体积及原子应力等热力学性质的分布情况.模拟结果表明,在较慢的冷却条件下,液态Cu形成晶态;在较快的冷却条件下,液态Cu形成非晶态.与晶态Cu比较,金属玻璃Cu有较高的能量和较大的体积,其内部晶格畸变导致了本征应力的存在.     

贵金属Au冷却过程中结构及能量变化的分子动力学计算机模拟

通过分子动力学方法,研究了不同冷速下贵金属Ａｕ在温度２０００～３００Ｋ的冷却过程中微观结构的变化特点,结果发现,冷却速度对Ａｕ的微观结构产生重要影响,采用偶关联函数和键对分析技术对原子局域团簇结果者分析,并考察了冷却过程中原子势能随温度的变化,比较了Ａｕ的微观结构转变与能量变化的对应关系,从能量转化的角度对冷却过程中Ａｕ的结构变化进行了说明。     

Synthesis and structure determination of bimetallic Au/Cu nanoparticles

The synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles has become so important in recent times due to its multi-faceted applications. The structure of the synthesised particles influences directly their properties. In this paper, we report the synthesis of Au/Cu nanoparticles by a simultaneous reduction method, considering three different molar concentrations (AuCu, AuCu₃ and Au₃Cu) of the components. In order to determine the size and structure of the obtained clusters, the particles were examined by optical spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. One of the major factors, the minimum bimetal formation energy, was calculated by an embedded-atom method. The relation between the Au/Cu proportions has been demonstrated to affect the size of the particles and the corresponding structures. From the basic structural analysis it is found that the particles were fcc-like, multiple twin or multiple defect particles for the different Au/Cu concentrations. The smallest particles were identified for the Au/Cu sample with 50% of each, and the most crystalline structures were also obtained in the same sample. PACS 61.46.+w; 61.16.-d; 31.15.Qg     

Φ Meson Production in Heavy Ion Collisions at RHIC

We present Φ meson production in Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC.The hadronic decay mode Φ→K~+K~- is used in the analysis.The yields for Φ meson in Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions at a given beam energy are scaled by the number of participant.The N_(part) normalized Φ meson yields in heavy ion collisions over those from p+p collisions are larger than 1 and increase with collision energy.These results suggest that the source of enhancement of strange hadrons is related to the formation of a dense medium in high energy heavy ion collisions and can not be only due to canonical suppression of their production in smaller systems.We also present STAR results on the Φ meson elliptic flow υ_2 from 2~(1/SNN)=200 GeV Cu+Cu at RHIC.The elliptic flow in Cu+Cu system that has the similar relative magnitude and qualitative features as that in Au+Au system.The observations imply the hot and dense matter with partonic collectivity has been formed in heavy ion collisions at RHIC.However,eccentrality normalized υ_2,υ_2/(n_qε_(part)) is lower for Cu+Cu than for Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV.So this might indicate thermalization has not been reached in 200 GeV Cu+Cu collisions.     

The electronic structure of ordered Cu3Au(001)

The electronic structure of the (001) face of ordered Cu₃Au was studied using synchrotron radiation at BESSY, in the photon energy range 22–80 eV. The Cu 3d-derived bands in Cu₃Au look like the foldedd-bands of fcc Cu metal. Three Au 5d-derived bands were observed at 5.0, 6.1 and 7.0 eV below the Fermi level, which showed no dispersion with change in photon energy. The Cu 3d- and the Au 5d-derived bands are found to be separated in energy. We have calculated self-consistent energy bands along the (001) direction using the fully relativistic LMTO method. Comparison of these bands with those experimentally determined shows good agreement. From the calculated bands along –X the direction dependent densities of states were determined, which give a consistent account for the non-dispersive Au-bands.     

J/psi production in sqrt s_NN=200 GeV Cu+Cu collisions

Yields for J/psi production in Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt s_NN=200 GeV have been measured over the rapidity range |y|<2.2 and compared with results in p+p and Au+Au collisions at the same energy. The Cu+Cu data offer greatly improved precision over existing Au+Au data for J/psi production in collisions with small to intermediate numbers of participants, in the range where the quark-gluon plasma transition threshold is predicted to lie. Cold nuclear matter estimates based on ad hoc fits to d+Au data describe the Cu+Cu data up to N_part approximately 50, corresponding to a Bjorken energy density of at least 1.5 GeV/fm(3).     

The interaction of 605 MeV 63Cu with 197Au

Binary coincident fragments from the ⁶³Cu + ¹⁹⁷Au reaction at a copper energy of 605 MeV have been studied. Fragment energies were measured and fragment masses determined by a kinematic method. Three types of event are defined by suitable adjacent limits in the mass versus total kinetic energy event space. The angular distributions of cross section, average total kinetic energy and average mass have been determined for each event region. Total cross sections determined in the present experiment are compared to those found at lower bombarding energies. Further information on the sequential fission process has been obtained from measurements of yields of radioactive isotopes resulting from bombardment ofthin and thick targets of Au by 605 MeV Cu ions.     

M2Al2(M=Au,Ag,Cu)混合小团簇的密度泛函研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,利用小核实赝势LANL2DZ,优化了含重金属二元混合团簇M2Al2(M=Au,Ag,Cu)的稳定结构,并得出具有C2v(1A1)对称性的蝴蝶结构比平面构型更加稳定,其中团簇Au2Al2最稳定.计算了稳定结构的结合能、电离势、电子亲和能、最高占据轨道能级和最低空轨道能级及二者间的能隙,得出参杂团簇M2Al2比非参杂团簇M4(M=Au,Ag,Cu)更稳定的结论.