Reduced-order synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems via adaptive control

We consider the coupling of two uncertain dynamical systems with different orders using an adaptive feedback linearization controller to achieve reduced-order synchronization between the two systems. Reduced-order synchronization is the problem of synchronization of a slave system with projection of a master system. The synchronization scheme is an exponential linearizing-like controller and a state/uncertainty estimator. As an illustrative example, we show that the dynamical evolution of a second-order driven oscillator can be synchronized with the canonical projection of a fourth-order chaotic system. Simulation results indicated that the proposed control scheme can significantly improve the synchronousness performance. These promising results justify the usefulness of the proposed output feedback controller in the application of secure communication.     

Robust adaptive neural-fuzzy-network control for the synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems

This paper proposes a robust adaptive neural-fuzzy-network control (RANFC) to address the problem of controlled synchronization of a class of uncertain chaotic systems. The proposed RANFC system is comprised of a four-layer neural-fuzzy-network (NFN) identifier and a supervisory controller. The NFN identifier is the principal controller utilized for online estimation of the compound uncertainties. The supervisory controller is used to attenuate the effects of the approximation error so that the perfect tracking and synchronization of chaotic systems are achieved. All the parameter learning algorithms are derived based on Lyapunov stability theorem to ensure network convergence as well as stable synchronization performance. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed RANFC methodology.     

Exponential generalized synchronization of uncertain coupled chaotic systems by adaptive control

In this paper, the exponential generalized synchronization for a class of coupled systems with uncertainties is defined. A novel and powerful method is proposed to investigate the generalized synchronization based on the adaptive control technique. According to the Lyapunov stability theory, rigorous proof is given for the exponential stability of error system. In comparison with previous schemes, the presented method shortens the synchronization time and is more applicable in practice. Besides, it is shown that the synchronization effect is robust against the uncertain factors. Some typical chaotic and hyper-chaotic systems are taken as examples to illustrate above approach. The corresponding numerical simulations are demonstrated to verify the effectiveness of proposed method.     

Some simple global synchronization criterions for coupled time-varying chaotic systems

Based on the Lyapunov stabilization theory and matrix measure, this paper proposes some simple generic criterions of global chaos synchronization between two coupled time-varying chaotic systems from a unidirectional linear error feedback coupling approach. These simple criterions are applicable to some typical chaotic systems with different types of nonlinearity, such as the original Chua’s circuit and the Rössler chaotic system. The coupling parameters are determined according to the new criterion so as to ensure the coupled systems’ global chaos synchronization.     

Adaptive scheme for time-varying anticipating synchronization of certain or uncertain chaotic dynamical systems

In this paper, a new type of anticipating synchronization, called time-varying anticipating synchronization, is defined firstly. Then novel adaptive schemes for time-varying anticipating synchronization of certain or uncertain chaotic dynamical systems are designed based on the Lyapunov function and invariance principle. The update gain of coupling strength can be automatically adapted to a suitable strength depending on the initial values and can be properly chosen to adjust the speed of achieving synchronization, so these schemes are analytical and simple to implement in practice. A classical chaotic dynamical system is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive schemes with or without parameter uncertainties.     

Robust adaptive synchronization of different uncertain chaotic systems subject to input nonlinearity

In this paper, an adaptive controller is designed to ensure robust synchronization of two different chaotic systems with input nonlinearities. For this purpose, a stable sliding surface is defined and an adaptive sliding mode controller is designed to achieve robust synchronization of the systems when the control input is influenced through nonlinearities produced by actuator or external uncertainty recourses. The adaptation law guarantees the synchronization assuming of unknown model uncertainty. Furthermore by adding an integrator and incorporating a saturation function in the control law, the chattering phenomenon caused by the sign function is avoided. The simulation results for synchronization of Chua’s circuit and Genesio systems show the efficiency of the proposed technique.     

A simple global synchronization criterion for coupled chaotic systems

Based on the Lyapunov stabilization theory and Gerschgorin theorem, a simple generic criterion is derived for global synchronization of two coupled chaotic systems with a unidirectional linear error feedback coupling. This simple criterion is applicable to a large class of chaotic systems, where only a few algebraic inequalities are involved. To demonstrate the efficiency of design, the suggested approach is applied to some typical chaotic systems with different types of nonlinearities, such as the original Chua’s circuit, the modified Chua’s circuit with a sine function, and the Rössler chaotic system. It is proved that these synchronizations are ensured by suitably designing the coupling parameters.     

Quadratic optimal synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems

This paper investigates the quadratic optimal synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems with parameter mismatch, parametric perturbations and external disturbances on both master and slave systems. A robust control scheme based on Lyapunov stability theory and quadratic optimal control approach is derived to realize chaotic synchronization. The sufficient criterion for stability condition is formulated in a linear matrix inequality (LMI) form. The effect of uncertain parameters and external disturbance is suppressed to an H_∞ norm constraint. An adaptive algorithm is proposed to adjust the uncertain bound in the robust controller avoiding the chattering phenomena. The simulation results for synchronization of the Chua’s circuit system and the Lorenz system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

Adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control for synchronization of uncertain fractional order chaotic systems

This paper deals with chaos synchronization between two different uncertain fractional order chaotic systems based on adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control (AFSMC). With the definition of fractional derivatives and integrals, a fuzzy Lyapunov synthesis approach is proposed to tune free parameters of the adaptive fuzzy controller on line by output feedback control law and adaptive law. Moreover, chattering phenomena in the control efforts can be reduced. The sliding mode design procedure not only guarantees the stability and robustness of the proposed AFSMC, but also the external disturbance on the synchronization error can be attenuated. The simulation example is included to confirm validity and synchronization performance of the advocated design methodology.     

Sector-condition-based results for adaptive control and synchronization of chaotic systems under input saturation

This paper addresses the design of adaptive feedback controllers for two problems (namely, stabilization and synchronization) of chaotic systems with unknown parameters by considering input saturation constraints. A novel generalized sector condition is developed to deal with the saturation nonlinearities for synthesizing the nonlinear and the adaptive controllers for the stabilization and synchronization control objectives. By application of the proposed sector condition and rigorous regional stability analysis, control and adaptation laws are formulated to guarantee local stabilization of a nonlinear system under actuator saturation. Further, simple control and adaptation laws are developed to synchronize two chaotic systems under uncertain parameters and input saturation nonlinearity. Numerical simulation results for Rössler and FitzHugh–Nagumo models are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive stabilization and synchronization control methodologies.     

Robust adaptive neural network synchronization controller design for a class of time delay uncertain chaotic systems

In this paper, a robust adaptive neural network synchronization controller is proposed for two chaotic systems with input time delay and uncertainty. The studied chaotic system may possess a wide class of nonlinear time-delayed input uncertainty. The radial basis function (RBF) neural network is used to approximate the unknown continuous bounded function item of the time delay uncertainty via appropriate weight value updated law. With the output of RBF neural network, a robust adaptive synchronization control scheme is presented for the time delay uncertain chaotic system. Finally, a simulation example is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed synchronization control scheme.     

A practical projective synchronization approach for uncertain chaotic systems with dead-zone input

In this paper, a practical projective synchronization problem of master–slave chaotic systems is investigated. More specifically, a fuzzy adaptive slave chaotic system subject to dead-zone nonlinearity in the input channel is proposed using only the measurable output of the master system thanks to a suitable observer. A practical projective synchronization between the master and slave systems is achieved by an adequate fuzzy adaptive control system. The underlying parameter adaptation design as well as stability analysis are carried out using a Lyapunov based approach. Unlike the previous works, in the design of the proposed synchronization scheme, we do not require to know the uncertainties function and that the dynamics of the original synchronization error are strictly positive real (SPR). In fact, herein, the uncertainties function is estimated by a fuzzy adaptive system and the dynamics of the original synchronization error are augmented by a low pass filter designed to satisfy the SPR condition. Simulation results are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed practical projective synchronization scheme.     

Adaptive synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems via backstepping design

In this paper, an approach for adaptive synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems is proposed using adaptive backstepping with tuning functions. Strong properties of global stability and asymptotic synchronization can be achieved. The proposed approach offers a systematic design procedure for adaptive synchronization of a large class of continuous-time chaotic systems in the chaos research literature. Simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the approach.     

Adaptive generalized function projective synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems

This paper mainly investigates adaptive generalized function projective synchronization of two different uncertain chaotic systems, which is a further extension of many existing projection synchronization schemes, such as modified projection synchronization, function projective synchronization and so on. On the basis of Lyapunov stability theory, an adaptive controller for the synchronization of two different chaotic systems is designed, and some parameter update laws for estimating the unknown parameters of the systems are also gained. This technique is applied to achieve synchronization between Lorenz and Rössler chaotic systems. The numerical simulations demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the proposed method.     

A new adaptive variable structure control for chaotic synchronization and secure communication

A novel adaptive complementary variable structure control is proposed in this paper for chaotic synchronization. The bounded parameters of the model approximation error and the external disturbance are all regarded as unknown constants in this paper. Based on Lyapunov’s stability theory and the Babalat’s lemma the proposed controller has been shown to render the synchronous error to zero. The Duffing–Holmes oscillator was used as an illustrative example. Simulation results validated that the proposed scheme in the application of secure communication.     

Contraction theory based adaptive synchronization of chaotic systems

Contraction theory based stability analysis exploits the incremental behavior of trajectories of a system with respect to each other. Application of contraction theory provides an alternative way for stability analysis of nonlinear systems. This paper considers the design of a control law for synchronization of certain class of chaotic systems based on backstepping technique. The controller is selected so as to make the error dynamics between the two systems contracting. Synchronization problem with and without uncertainty in system parameters is discussed and necessary stability proofs are worked out using contraction theory. Suitable adaptation laws for unknown parameters are proposed based on the contraction principle. The numerical simulations verify the synchronization of the chaotic systems. Also parameter estimates converge to their true values with the proposed adaptation laws.     

A simple criterion for impulsive chaotic synchronization

In the paper, impulsive synchronization of the two identical chaotic systems with different initial conditions is studied. The sufficient conditions on feedback strength and impulsive interval are established to guarantee the synchronization. The method is simple and the relevant mathematical proof is presented. Numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the method.     

Dual synchronization of chaotic systems via time-varying gain proportional feedback

In this paper the dual synchronization of chaotic systems via output feedback strategy is investigated. The slave chaotic systems are fed by a scalar signal generated by a linear combination of the master systems state variables. The sufficient condition and design procedure for dual synchronization are presented. The proposed method is applied for dual synchronization of the Lorenz–Rossler, Rossler–Chen and Duffing–Van der Pol chaotic systems through computer simulation. The results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed algorithm.     

Finite-time synchronization of uncertain unified chaotic systems based on CLF

This paper studies the problem of finite-time synchronization for the unified chaotic systems. We prove that global finite-time synchronization can be achieved for unified chaotic systems which have uncertain parameters. Simulation results for Lorenz, Lü and Chen chaotic systems are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

Adaptive synchronization of identical chaotic and hyper-chaotic systems with uncertain parameters

This paper addresses a unified mathematical expression describing a class of chaotic systems, for which the problem of adaptive synchronization between two nearly identical chaotic and hyper-chaotic systems with uncertain parameters is studied. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, a novel adaptive synchronization controller is designed, and the analytic expression of the controller and the adaptive laws of parameters are developed. The controller is simple and systemic, no parameters of the slave system are included in the controller, and, for some specific error systems, the controller can be simplified ulteriorly. New chaotic and a new hyper-chaotic systems with uncertain parameters are taken as the examples to show the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive synchronization method.