共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
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《低温与超导》2021,49(7):84-90
有机朗肯循环(Organic Rankine cycle, ORC)系统是一种回收内燃机余热的有效方案之一,目前受到越来越多的关注。由于内燃机余热形式多样,温度梯度大且存在变温特性,基本有机朗肯循环用于回收内燃机余热有一定难度。本文对内燃机有机朗肯循环系统的相关研究进行了综述,以余热最佳匹配循环为基础,分别从工质和系统结构方面对比分析了超临界ORC,混合工质ORC,双回路ORC和添加额外回路ORC四种方案。采用温熵(T-S)图映射法,根据有机朗肯循环与理想循环的接近度,总结了多种有机朗肯循环系统用于内燃机余热回收的潜力。分析发现在相同的循环系统下,具有较高临界点的工质和有较大的温度滑移的混合工质更有优势,相同工质下,双回路ORC和添加额外回路的ORC是解决内燃机余热波动的合理方案之一。 相似文献
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有机朗肯循环系统及其透平设计研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文对可用于工业低温余热回收的有机朗肯循环(ORC)热力系统进行简述,采用热力学第一定律、热力学第二定律分析ORC热力系统及其效率,并对有机工质动力透平的特点及设计造型进行概述。最后采用F11,R123,R245ca,R600和R600a为工质,设计有机朗肯系统回收某一工业余热,并以R123为工质进行有机工质透平的气动设计、造型设计和CFD模拟计算研究,并对透平进行造型优化。研究表明,以R123为工质的有机朗肯循环系统能有效可靠利用该工业余热,所设计的有机工质透平基本达到设计要求,透平造型的优化设计能有效改善透平叶轮内部流动。 相似文献
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利用烟气余热驱动有机朗肯循环,可以实现对其余热的综合梯级高效利用。以100℃~150℃烟气余热高效梯级利用为研究目标,综合考虑工质的热物性、安全性和环保性的影响,选取R113,R123,R11,R141b,R600,R245fa六种制冷剂作为有机朗肯循环的工质。基于热力学第二定律分析了六种工质参与的简单有机朗肯循环的效能,研究了热源温度对系统循环性能参数的影响。研究表明,有机朗肯循环的不可逆损失主要集中在蒸发器和膨胀机部分,冷凝器和水泵的损失较小,基本可以忽略;蒸发器部分损失最大,基本达到了总不可逆损失的一半。 相似文献
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以8种有机工质(R134a.,R22,R32,R227ea,R143a,R218,RC318,R152a)作为研究对象,对其超临界有机朗肯循环的单位净输出功、循环效率、循环功比、膨胀机入口体积流量等参数进行了理论分析,结果表明以R152a和R134a为工质的超临界有机朗肯循环具有较高的单位净输出功和循环效率,以及较小的体积流量。而采用回热循环可进一步有效提高循环效率。 相似文献
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LNG接收站利用低品位热源低温发电 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
LNG接收站需要大量的热能来加热气化LNG,降低燃气消耗可以减少操作费用。LNG接收站也要消耗大量的电能(2.83×107m3/天的气化量需要20~30MW)。利用LNG冷能低温发电能够显著减少操作成本,降低污染排放。采用中间流体Rankine循环的LNG低温发电流程,既可以生产电能,又可以输出指定温度下的产品天然气。该方案可以利用任何形式的低品位热源来气化LNG。模拟结果显示,气化容量为3.68×107m3/天的LNG接收站的低温发电系统,发电量为18MW,能带来每年0.7~1亿元的收益。 相似文献
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To recover energy from the waste heat of aluminum reduction cells, a waste heat power generation system (WHPGS) with low boiling point working fluid based on Organic Rankine Cycle was proposed. A simplified model for the heat transfer around the walls of aluminum reduction cells and thermodynamic cycle was established. By using the model developed and coded in Matlab, thermal performance analysis of the system was conducted. Results show that the electrolyte temperature and the freeze ledge thickness in the cell can significantly affect the heat absorption of the working fluid in the heat exchange system on the walls. Besides, both the output power and the thermal efficiency of the power generation system increase with the system pressure. The output power and thermal efficiency of the system can also be affected by the type of working fluid used in the system. Working fluids for the best system performance under different output pressures were determined, based on the performance analysis. This WHPGS would be a good solution of energy-saving in aluminum electrolysis enterprises. 相似文献
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Saeed Khojaste Effatpanah Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi Seyed Hamid Delbari Giulio Lorenzini 《Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,24(2)
In recent decades, there has been an increasing trend toward the technical development of efficient energy system assessment tools owing to the growing energy demand and subsequent greenhouse gas emissions. Accordingly, in this paper, a comprehensive emergy-based exergoeconomic (emergoeconomic) method has been developed to study the biomass combustion waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle (BCWHR-ORC), taking into account thermodynamics, economics, and sustainability aspects. To this end, the system was formulated in Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software, and then the exergy, exergoeconomic, and emergoeconomic analyses were conducted accordingly. The exergy analysis results revealed that the evaporator unit with 55.05 kilowatts and the turbine with 89.57% had the highest exergy destruction rate and exergy efficiency, respectively. Based on the exergoeconomic analysis, the cost per exergy unit , and the cost rate of the output power of the system were calculated to be 24.13 USD/GJ and 14.19 USD/h, respectively. Next, by applying the emergoeconomic approach, the monetary emergy content of the system components and the flows were calculated to evaluate the system’s sustainability. Accordingly, the turbine was found to have the highest monetary emergy rate of capital investment, equal to , and an output power monetary emergy of . Finally, a sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate the system’s overall performance characteristics from an exergoeconomic perspective, regarding the changes in the transformation coefficients (specific monetary emergy). 相似文献
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为对空中飞行目标实施合理有效的强激光干扰,需要综合考虑采用的干扰方式、干扰效果以及考虑光斑偏移对干扰效果的影响。以热传导理论为基础,建立了激光辐照下移动目标温度场模型,采用伽辽金法建立了有限元分析模型,采用了等效比热容的方法处理材料的相变过程;并以Ansys软件为仿真平台,对目标在高斯分布的强激光作用下的温度场和热应力进行了综合仿真分析。结果表明,光斑与目标辐照区域的相对偏移对目标表面温度影响较大,对目标纵深破坏效应相对较小,应力变化主要发生在激光辐照区域,应力最大处也会随热源的移动而变化。 相似文献