共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 406 毫秒
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《低温与超导》2021,49(7):38-44,73
荷兰斜纹筛网是推进剂液体获取装置(LAD)中气液分离的核心部件,通过分析通道式表面张力液体获取装置内低温流体流过多孔筛网的过程,构建了三种不同目数筛网的数值计算模型。采用改变液体获取装置进出口压差的方式,研究了筛网在不同进口速度、不同低温流体情况下的阻力特性。结果表明,越靠近LAD出口管道处流体速度越大,压降越大,当进口速度u=0.022 m/s时,DTW 200×1 400筛网下方的流体压力较上方减小了23.4%~31.1%;编织密度越高的筛网,流动阻力越大,产生的压降越大;相同进口速度下,液氧的压降最大,液态甲烷次之,液氢最小,当进口速度u0.2 m/s时三种流体的压降数值差异较小,随着进口速度逐渐增大,三种流体的压降差距呈非线性增大;通过阻力系数和孔隙雷诺数的计算结果得出了适用于荷兰斜纹筛网的阻力系数关系式f=8.79/Re_p+0.39。 相似文献
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以荷兰斜纹编织筛网为研究对象,构建了三维模型,依据筛网空间结构推导出有效孔径计算公式,并对金属筛网的低温力学特性进行了数值计算分析,得到了低温推进剂充注预冷过程中筛网的单元结构热变形和应力的分布及变化情况.通过计算对比从293 K降温至20K前后筛网孔隙率和有效孔径结构参数,发现304和316不锈钢筛网低温结构参数无明显差别;316不锈钢筛网在该降温过程中孔隙率和有效孔径的变化率与其编织密度有关,且变化率小于0.7%;降温过程中,筛网最大等效应力发生在纬线的扭曲处,且处于安全工作范围. 相似文献
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为研究低温液体吸热产生蒸发气(Boil-Off Gas,BOG)的动态过程,寻求合理调控低温液体压力和温度的方法,搭建了一套低温液体BOG再液化试验系统。以液氮为工质对120L高真空变密度多层绝热储罐进行了压力、温度及蒸发率测试试验,分析了以上参数与时间的变化规律,计算了储罐静态蒸发率与漏热量。结果表明:储罐压力随时间增加而逐渐上升,在480min之前压力上升速率较快,为10.9Pa/s,之后上升速率逐渐减小。从液相到气相的温度依次升高,液相内部的温度相差较小,约为1.2℃;随时间的增加,液相和气液分界面的温度逐渐升高,气相的温度逐渐降低,480min后达到相对稳定的状态。初始充装率为0.7时,自然蒸发的BOG流量随时间增加逐渐减小;经计算,储罐静态蒸发率为2.04%/d,漏热量为4.1W。试验结果为后续开展低温液体BOG再液化研究提供了相关依据。 相似文献
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《工程热物理学报》2021,42(10):2491-2500
为改善单目标评价局限性,获取双级有机朗肯循环(ORC)系统的综合最佳性能,选取8种有机工质,针对低温地热水,以输出功、热效率、效率、单位净功输出所需换热面积APR、单位电力产出成本LEC为评价指标,采用AHP-熵值法对其进行综合评价分析。结果表明,不同指标下最佳蒸发温度与最优工质不同;热源温度为373 K时,各工质综合评价指标ξ值为R1234yfR227eaR600aR1234zeR245faR236eaR236faRC318,高温级最佳蒸发温度为351 K,低温级最佳蒸发温度为330 K;热源温度为383 K、393 K、403 K、413 K、423 K、433 K时,最优工质为R1234yf、R227ea、R245fa、R236fa、R236fa、R600a,最佳蒸发温度随热源温度升高逐渐升高,接近临界温度后具有下降趋势,各工质在接近临界温度工作时具有较高性能。 相似文献
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介绍了利用筛网设计制作出的一种新型的反弹盘,并用于聚α-甲基苯乙烯(PAMS)微球的弹跳实验。分析了筛网盘与玻璃盘之间的差别和由此带来的对PAMS微球弹跳性能影响。通过实验分别研究了筛网盘相关的参数对微球表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明:采用筛网盘与玻璃盘相比,PAMS微球的弹跳性能的改善非常明显;筛网盘的使用较好地解决了在无等离子体的镀膜环境下(如热蒸发的方法制备PAMS微球表面聚酰亚胺涂层)PAMS微球的弹跳问题;为降低微球表面粗糙度,反弹盘应采用间歇振动的模式。 相似文献
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本文建立了小型平板CPL蒸发器毛细多孔芯内汽液两相流动与传热的模型以及金属外壁和工质区的导热模型,并进行耦合求解.分析了金属侧壁效应对蒸发器性能的影响,提出小型平板CPL存在着侧壁效应传热极限.数值结果表明,工质蒸发发生在多孔芯加热表面附近,蒸发器采用单一金属外壁时由于侧壁效应导致系统传热极限低,而上壁采用导热系数大,侧壁及下壁采用导热系数小的新型结构能够明显的提高系统的传热能力,同时使加热表面的温度维持在较低的水平. 相似文献
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本文采用去离子水和无水乙醇两种工质,利用微通道流动沸腾同步测量实验系统,研究了液膜厚度的瞬态变化规律,实验发现流动沸腾形成的初始液膜厚度在毛细数Ca很宽的范围内都遵循Taylor流动原理;液膜形成后,在蒸发和蒸汽流动携带的耦合作用下,厚度迅速减薄直至蒸干;由于水的汽液黏度比小,速度梯度小,剪切作用带来的液膜厚度减少量小,且水的汽化潜热大,吸收相同热量时蒸发量小,导致水的液膜厚度变化斜率较小,通过理论分析提出了沸腾液膜厚度变化的计算模型,计算结果与实验结果的误差小于20%。 相似文献
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CMOS电路低温特性及其仿真 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文采用0.25微米工艺制备了CMOS器件和电路,通过对300K、77K和4K温度下器件和电路特性的测量,研究了工作温度降低对CMOS电路特性的影响.通过讨论MOSFET器件和互连线主要特性参数随温度的变化情况,修改了常温CMOS BSIM3模型以及互连线参数,建立了77K、4K温度下的低温电路仿真模型.利用上述新建立的低温电路仿真模型对CMOS电路进行仿真,并将仿真结果与实际测量结果比较,获得了比较一致的结果.研究表明在4K温度下CMOS电路的工作性能大约有50%到60%的改善. 相似文献
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X. M. Zhang 《实验传热》2013,26(1):47-67
Experimental studies were performed on a pulsating heat pipe (PHP), consisting of a heating section, an adiabatic section, and a condensation section incorporating a heat sink. The capillary tube used in this study has an inside diameter of 1.18 mm and a wall thickness of 0.41 mm. The experiments were conducted under the condition of pure natural convection, for heating powers from 5 to 60 W, fill ratios from 60% to 90%. Three working fluids—FC-72, ethanol, and deionized water—were used. The thermal oscillation of the thin wall surface was recorded by a high-speed data acquisition system. Such thermal oscillation waves are random for some run cases due to the randomly distributed vapor plug and liquid slugs inside the PHP. The thermal oscillation amplitude is much smaller for FC-72, due to its lower surface tension, than for ethanol and water, while the oscillation cycle period for FC-72 is shorter than for the other two fluids, indicating the faster oscillation movement in the channels, possibly due to the lower latent heat of evaporation for FC-72. The unlooped PHP is not helpful for the fluid circulation and the PHP does not work. For the looped PHP, there is a minimum heating power that initiates the PHP working. Such minimum heating power is strongly dependent on the working fluid, and is considerably smaller for FC-72 compared with water. The optimal filling ratio is around 70% for all three working fluids. The looped PHP with water as working fluid provides better overall thermal performance once the heating power is greater than a minimum value. However, FC-72 is suggested to be used for low-heat-flux situations, due to its lower minimum heating power. 相似文献
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The present article focuses on modeling issues to simulate cryogenic fluid cavitating flows.A revised cavitation model,in which the thermal effect is considered,is derivated and established based on Kubota model.Cavitating flow computations are conducted around an axisymmetric ogive and a 2D quarter caliber hydrofoil in liquid nitrogen implementing the revised model and Kubota model coupled with energy equation and dynamically updating the fluid physical properties,respecitively.The results show that the revised cavitation model can better describe the mass transport process in the cavitation process in cryogenic fluids.Compared with Kubota model,the revised model can reflect the observed"frosty"appearance within the cavity.The cavity length becomes shorter and it can capture the temperature and pressure depressions more consistently in the cavitating region,particularly at the rear of the cavity.The evaporation rate decreases,and while the magnitude of the condensation rate becomes larger because of the thermal effect terms in the revised model compared with the results obtained by the Kubota model. 相似文献
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环路热管是一种靠蒸发器的毛细芯产生毛细力来驱动回路运行,利用工质相变来传递热量的高效传热装置.本文研制了一套不锈钢外壳,以氨为工质的小型平板式环路热管(mLHP),并着重研究其在不同热负荷条件下启动特性及变工况条件下的稳定运行特征,通过对平板 mLHP 运行机制理论分析,建立了合理的数学物理模型,实现了对整个系统动态仿真.实验结果表明,小型平板式 mLHP 可以在不同热流密度下快速启动,并具有良好的适应变热负荷能力.实现了平板式 mLHP 系统中各个主要节点的压力、温度和流量的动态仿真,与实验数据对比,仿真结果和实验数据吻合较好,加深了对 LHP 系统运行机理的理解.通过实验和动态仿真结果对系统结构进行优化,为应用在电子器件散热的高效率平板式 mLHP 系统的设计与优化提供依据. 相似文献
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针对低温容器夹层真空失效工况,建立了低温容器夹层真空度与通过内罐壁面热流密度的理论模型,结合ANSYS-FLUENT软件对某立式低温容器内的液氮蒸发过程进行了仿真模拟,研究了初始充满率为50%时,低温容器内罐空间温度及压力随夹层真空度变化的规律。结果表明,随着夹层真空度降低,通过低温容器内罐壁面的平均热流密度增大,内罐中液体温度升高速率增大;当夹层真空完全失效时,内罐压升率分别是夹层真空度为10-3 Pa、1 Pa和10 Pa时的10.4倍、5倍和1.2倍。 相似文献
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A theory of the uniform thermophoretic motion of a liquid volatile spherical drop in a binary gas mixture is developed based on hydrodynamic analysis. One of the components undergoes the phase transition on the surface. The solution of the problem makes it possible to estimate the effect of the evaporation rate on the rate and direction of thermophoresis, as well as on the distributions of the velocity, temperature, and concentration of the volatile component. The thermal diffusion of the gas mixture, together with Stefan and capillary phenomena, is taken into account. The velocity of thermophoretic transport is expressed through the evaporation coefficient of the drop by the formula that generalizes the known results of the conventional theories for the cases of weak and moderately intense diffusive evaporation of a liquid drop. 相似文献