均匀流中等源强相同浸没深度点源自由面波高数值模拟

该文基于带耗散源Green函数的去奇异化数值方法,将正则波积分进行扩展,导出了多重点源带耗散自由表面波高公式.数值模拟多重点源不同排列下自由面波高波形及等高线的变化规律,验证了多重点源带耗散源Green函数的去奇异化数值方法的正确性和有效性.数值结果表明:双点源纵向排列,当增加点源位于单点源波峰时,双点源波峰波谷相互叠加;当增加点源位于单点源波谷时,双点源波峰波谷相互干扰,波振幅迅速减小,在自由面水平线上下缓慢震荡.多重点源纵向排列,点源位于不同位置,波高出现类似的周期性变化现象.多重点源横向排列,波面明显改变,自由表面波以横波形式向后扩散.     

基于线性化Navier-Stokes方程二维水槽内单涡到双涡的数值模拟

建立了Navier-Stokes方程的预估-校正有限差分方法,在此基础上求得了二维水槽内部单涡到双涡的数值解,所得结果与前人的数值结果和解析解吻合很好.数值模拟结果表明,自由振动运动中自由面波高因粘性作用会发生衰减,且Reynolds数越大衰减越缓慢.在短时间内倾斜加速度激励下对于不同Reynolds数会出现一定周期的单涡.经过长时间的倾斜激励,水槽内涡场由单涡变化成双涡,而且只在较低的Reynolds数条件下出现双涡.     

基于Euler方程有限差分方法驻波晃动模拟

研究在二维水槽带非线性自由面边界条件的Euler方程的数值解,数值模拟了驻波的波高．将不规则的物理区域变换为一个固定的正方形计算区域,在计算区域使用交错网格技术的目的是准确捕捉流场瞬间的波高值,应用由Bang-fuh Chen建立的时间无关有限差分方法求解不可压缩无粘Euler方程的数值解．通过数值结果表明,数值解很好地吻合分析解和以前出版的文献结果．从数值解可以看出,非线性现象和拍的现象非常明显,同时数值模拟了带初始驻波的水平激励和垂直激励运动,具有很好的数值效果．     

有限深度两层流体系统中运动点源生成的内波及其与自由面的相互作用

基于水波动力学势流理论,以二流体系统中点源运动为基本模型,采用Green函数法,研究了分层流体中内部扰动诱生的内波对自由面的影响,探讨对合成孔径雷达成像起重要作用的自由面辐散场的变化规律。研究表明:当上下层流体密度跃变较大、源接近密跃层且Froude数Fr接近内波模式的临界值Fr₂时,内波模式导致的自由面辐散场强度与表面波模式的贡献相当,两者具有强烈的耦合作用,理论分析与实验结果定性一致。     

不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程数值模拟

建立不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程的Crank-Nicolson有限差分方法,数值模拟了在初始正弦波下的二维水槽内流体受到倾斜激励时流场和涡的演变机制.数值结果表明,初始波为正弦波时,流场内出现一个单涡,单涡下沉变成了两个小涡,两个小涡消失后流场内部出现三条规则的流场带,最后这三条流场带演变成一个尖涡,尖涡在周围流体的作用下演变成一个单涡,最后单涡在自由面消失,当耗散系数和Reynolds数增大时,流场和涡演化的周期变小.     

大气中点源重力波的求导法计算机模式

本文首先给出了等温大气中点源重力波的解析解.然后,在此基础上建立了水平等温分层大气中点源重力波的计算机模式.从而解决了在真实大气中对点源重力波传播的数值计算问题.对大气中点源声波的传播过程也可以借助本计算机模式进行数值计算.     

求解渗流自由面的复合单元全域迭代法

渗流自由面是岩体水力学研究的重点和难点,也是边坡稳定性综合研究的重要内容.基于对渗流自由面数值求解方法的分析,提出了复合单元全域迭代法,并编制了有限元计算程序.计算果表明,该法具有程序处理比较简单、计算结果比较精确等特性,一般迭代5次左右便可收敛.     

高分辨率差分格式的数值分析与限制因子的构造

本文利用差分方法余项效应理论,分析比较了一些典型的限制因子.对不同的限制因子,格式的表现明显差异主要是由其数值耗散性、色散性强弱不同所致.在分析比较格式的数值耗散性、色散性之后,本文提出了一种新的限制因子,得到的格式在解的剧烈变化区具有更高的分辨率,在光滑区避免了由于数值色散性较强导致的失真.数值试验表明该格式具有较好的性质.     

不对称裂缝单井渗流模型的Green函数构造方法北大核心CSCD

不对称裂缝渗流规律可借助Green函数方法进行求解.根据基本渗流理论,建立了不对称裂缝点源数学模型,采用无因次化与Laplace变换,得到了Laplace空间的无因次点源数学模型微分方程.将未知Green函数与点源微分方程相结合,并考虑点源微分方程的齐次条件以及点源微分方程的特征,给出了如何构造Green函数使之满足点源微分方程齐次边界以及未知目标函数求解的一般方法.根据空间Green函数的对称性和连续性,得出了不对称裂缝点源模型Green函数的形式.最后通过不对称裂缝压裂直井渗流数学模型,验证了该文给出的Green函数两种形式与文献和商业试井分析软件Saphir的数值计算结果一致.     

半浮区液桥中热毛细对流的自由面振荡

本文研究了半浮区小液桥中热毛细振荡对流的自由面变形.用实验的方法给出了自由面振荡的相对位移和相对位相差,给出了不同外加温差时自由面振荡的特性.本文结果还揭示了一类表面波,这种波动具有小扰动的特征,并在液桥的一个角区具有反常大的振幅.     

Homogenization Method in the Problem of Long Wave Propagation from a Localized Source in a Basin over an Uneven Bottom

In the framework of the linearized shallow water equations, the homogenization method for wave type equations with rapidly oscillating coefficients that generally cannot be represented as periodic functions of the fast variables is applied to the Cauchy problem for the wave equation describing the evolution of the free surface elevation for long waves propagating in a basin over an uneven bottom. Under certain conditions on the function describing the basin depth, we prove that the solution of the homogenized equation asymptotically approximates the solution of the original equation. Model homogenized wave equations are constructed for several examples of one-dimensional sections of the real ocean bottom profile, and their numerical and asymptotic solutions are compared with numerical solutions of the original equations.     

非均匀介质中弹性波动方程的参数摄动法

本文通过对非均匀介质弹性波动方程中的介质参数引入背景场量和摄动量，得到以摄动项为次生源的均匀介质中的波动方程，利用Green函数理论化微分方程为积分方程；然后把均匀介质中的位移波场做为第一次迭代结果，代入积分方程进行位移波场的求解；当扰动量达50%时，此方法仍然有效，分析数值结果，从而对一般非均匀介质中的波场性质有了一个定性了解，结果与一般非均匀介质中的声波局部理论基本一致．     

Nonlinear Wave–Current Interactions in Shallow Water

We study here the propagation of long waves in the presence of vorticity. In the irrotational framework, the Green–Naghdi equations (also called Serre or fully nonlinear Boussinesq equations) are the standard model for the propagation of such waves. These equations couple the surface elevation to the vertically averaged horizontal velocity and are therefore independent of the vertical variable. In the presence of vorticity, the dependence on the vertical variable cannot be removed from the vorticity equation but it was however shown in 1 that the motion of the waves could be described using an extended Green–Naghdi system. In this paper, we propose an analysis of these equations, and show that they can be used to get some new insight into wave–current interactions. We show in particular that solitary waves may have a drastically different behavior in the presence of vorticity and show the existence of solitary waves of maximal amplitude with a peak at their crest, whose angle depends on the vorticity. We also show some simple numerical validations. Finally, we give some examples of wave–current interactions with a nontrivial vorticity field and topography effects.     

Laplace transforms of the Hulthén Green’s function and their application to potential scattering

We derive closed-form representations for the single and double Laplace transforms of the Hulthén Green’s function of the outgoing wave multiplied by the Yamaguchi potential and write them in the maximally reduced form. We use the expression for the double transform to compute the low-energy phase shifts for the elastic scattering in the systems α–nucleon, α–He³, and α–H³. The calculation results agree well with the experimental data.     

Large time behavior of solutions for the nonlinear wave equation with viscosity in odd dimensions

We study the dissipation of solutions of the Cauchy problem for the nonlinear dissipative wave equation in odd multi-spatial dimensions. Pointwise estimates of the time-asymptotic shape of the solutions are obtained and shown to exhibit the generalized Huygens principle. Our approach is based on the detailed analysis of the Green function of the linearized system. This is used to study the coupling of nonlinear diffusion waves.     

Surface waves due to blasts on and above inviscid liquids of finite depth

For the problem of waves due to an explosion above the surface of a homogeneous ocean of finite depth, asymptotic expressions of the velocity potential and the surface displacement are determined for large times and distances from the pressure area produced by the incident shock. It is shown that the first item in Sakurai's approximation scheme for the pressure field inside the, blast wave as well as the results of Taylor's point blast theory can be used to yield realistic expressions of surface displacement. Some interesting features of the wave motion in general are described. Finally some numerical calculations for the surface elevation were performed and included as a particular case.     

Finite element modelling of surface waves in a channel

A variational formulation of the vertically-integrated differential equations for free surface wave motion is presented. A finite element model is derived for solving this nonlinear system of hydrodynamic equations. The time integration scheme employed is discussed and the results obtained demonstrate its good stability and accuracy.Several applications of the model are considered: the first problem is an open channel of uniform depth and the second an open channel of linearly varying depth. The ‘inflow’ boundary condition is prescribed in terms of the velocity which represents a wavemaker and/or a flow source, while the ‘outflow’ boundary condition is specified in terms of the water elevation. The outflow condition is adjusted for two cases, a reflecting boundary (finite channel) and a non-reflecting boundary (open-ended channel). The latter boundary condition is examined in some detail and the results obtained show that the numerical model can produce the non-reflecting boundary that is similar to the analytical radiation condition for waves. Computational results for a third problem, involving wave reflection from a submerged cylinder, are also presented and compared with both experimental data and analytical predictions.The simplicity and the performance of the computational model suggest that free surface waves can be simulated without excessively complicated numerical schemes. The ability of the model to simulate outflow boundary conditions properly is of special importance since these conditions present serious problems for many numerical algorithms.     

Well-Posedness of a Problem of Propagation of Nonlinear Acoustic-Gravity Waves in the Atmosphere Generated by Surface Pressure Variations

Currently there are many international microbarograph networks for high-resolution recording of wave pressure variations on the Earth’s surface. This arouses interest in wave propagation in the atmosphere generated by atmospheric pressure variations. A full system of nonlinear hydrodynamic equations for atmospheric gases with lower boundary conditions in the form of wavelike pressure variations on the Earth’s surface is considered. Since the wave amplitudes near the Earth’s surface are small, linearized equations are used in the analysis of well-posedness of the problem. With the help of a wave energy functional method, it is shown that in the non-dissipative case the solution to the boundary value problem is uniquely determined by the variable pressure field on the Earth’s surface. The corresponding dissipative problem is well-posed if, in addition to the pressure field, appropriate conditions on the velocity and temperature on the Earth’s surface are given. In the case of an isothermal atmosphere, the problem admits analytical solutions that are harmonic in the variables x and t. A good agreement between the numerical and analytical solutions is obtained. The study shows that the temperature and density can rapidly vary at the lower boundary of the boundary value problem. An example of solving the three-dimensional problem with variable pressure on the Earth’s surface taken from experimental observations is given. The developed algorithms and computer programs can be used to simulate atmospheric waves generated by pressure variations on the Earth’s surface.     

带强耗散项的拟线性波方程的数值解

研究了一类拟线性波方程的数值解．构造了带强耗散项的拟线性波方程的三级差分格式,并证明其收敛性,估计了差分解的误差．最后给出数值例子．     

A numerical investigation of energy dissipation with a shallow depth sloshing absorber

A liquid sloshing absorber consists of a container, partially filled with liquid. The absorber is attached to the structure to be controlled, and relies on the structure’s motion to excite the liquid. Consequently, a sloshing wave is produced at the liquid free surface within the absorber, possessing energy dissipative qualities. The behaviour of liquid sloshing absorbers has been well documented, although their use in structural control applications has attracted considerably less attention.