液相色谱/质谱法分离鉴定碘化酪蛋白水解产物中的碘化氨基酸

用Waters Symmetrys Shield^TM RP18柱，乙腈(B，含0．1％甲酸)和水(A，含0．1％甲酸)为流动相，0．8mL／min，线性洗脱(B从10％到50％)40min，液质联用(LC／MS)，电喷雾电离源(ESI^ ，SIR方式)，对碘化酪蛋白水解物中的一碘酪氨酸(MTT)、二碘酪氨酸(DIT)、二碘甲腺原氨酸(T2)、三碘甲腺原氨酸(L3,rT3)和四碘甲腺原氨酸(T4)进行了分离确证。同时测定了T3、rT3和T4的含量。     

Ag-DDC法测定地表水中总砷量的改进

GB/T7485-1987中用二乙氨基二硫代甲酸银光度法(即Ag DDC法)测定地表水中总砷量,此法具有准确度高,精密度好等优点。标准曲线最高浓度点为0.5mg·L-1。实际上一般地表水中砷含量较低。根据GHZB1-1999《地表水环境质量标准》[1]中Ⅲ类水的标准值为0.05mg·L-1以下,Ⅳ、Ⅴ类水为0.1mg·L-1,它们的标准值都较低。在样品测定中,8个点的标准曲线显得范围太宽,不太实用。本试验去掉几个高浓度点,并适当增加些低浓度点绘制标准曲线,取得较好效果。1　总砷标准曲线的绘制于7个砷化氢发生瓶中。分别加入1.0mg·L-1砷标准使用液0.00,0.50,1.…     

人血清白蛋白荧光猝灭法测定苏丹红Ⅰ

研究了在0.1 mol·L-1 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液(pH 8.2)中,人血清白蛋白(HSA)的荧光性质以及由于苏丹红Ⅰ的存在而使HSA的荧光猝灭现象进行了研究.结果表明:当HSA溶液在280 nm波长激发时,其发射波长为337 nm.当有苏丹红Ⅰ存在时其荧光发射的强度将出现猝灭,而且荧光猝灭程度(△F)与苏丹红Ⅰ的质量浓度在0.5～7.5 mg·L-1(r=0.999 7)之间呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3Sb/k)为0.1 mg·L-1,测定限(10Sb/k)为0.5 mg·L-1,相对标准偏差(m=6,n=11)为0.7%～1.8%,加标回收率为91.9%～109.3%.     

高效液相色谱法检测肉类食品中4种嘌呤碱

建立了肉类食品中嘌呤含量的多组分高效液相色谱分析方法。采用V(三氟乙酸)∶V(甲酸)∶V(水)=5∶5∶1溶液在90℃下水解样品12min,水解液浓缩后过膜,以0.02mol/LKH2PO4(pH=3.8)为流动相进行色谱分离;流速1.0mL/min;柱温30℃;DAD二极管矩阵检测器检测,检测波长254nm;进样量10μL。在0.4～40mg/L的浓度范围内,各嘌呤的响应峰面积与其相应浓度呈良好相关性,r>0.9999,通过水解条件实验证实,90℃下12min能够使样品中嘌呤完全水解为游离态,且不破坏嘌呤物质,相对标准偏差<16.0%。本方法分离度好,能够快速检测肉类食品中4种主要的嘌呤组分。     

多巴酚丁胺的流动注射化学发光法测定

在盐酸介质中 ,高锰酸钾可氧化多巴酚丁胺产生化学发光 ,甲醛对该反应有较强的增敏作用 ,据此 ,建立了流动注射化学发光法测定多巴酚丁胺的方法 ;方法的线性范围为0.1～100mg·L -1,检出限为0.07mg·L -1 ,相对标准偏差为1.2 %(n=11,ρ=1.0mg·L -1) ;该法用于药物中多巴酚丁胺含量的测定 ,结果令人满意。     

磁性石墨烯固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定家畜尿液中10种苯二氮卓类药物残留量

取家畜尿样10.0mL置于离心管中,加入自制的磁性石墨烯50mg,用10mmol·L~(-1)氢氧化钠溶液调节混合物的酸度至pH 8.0,超声提取20min。用碳铁分离液固两相,弃去液相,先后3次超声提取固相,每次用乙腈2mL,提取5min。将3次所得液相合并,置于40℃水浴中吹氮至近干,盐类用乙腈和0.1%(体积分数,下同)甲酸溶液(1+9)的混合液1.0mL溶解,所得溶液经0.22μm滤膜过滤,在所选定的仪器工作条件下,对所要测定的10种苯并二氮杂卓类化合物(BZDs)进行色谱分离和质谱测定。采用Acquity UPLC HSS T3色谱柱为固定相,以(A)0.1%甲酸溶液和(B)含0.1%甲酸的乙腈混合液为流动相,按梯度洗脱程序进行分离;质谱测定选用电喷雾离子源、正离子扫描和多反应监测模式。结果表明:10种BZDs在1.0～100.0μg·L~(-1)范围内与其峰面积值呈线性关系,其测定下限(10S/N)在0.09～0.40μg·L~(-1)之间。以空白猪尿液为基质,按标准加入法进行回收试验,测得回收率在74.6%～95.2%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.5%～9.4%之间。     

除草剂2-甲基-4-氯苯氧乙酸的离子色谱分离荧光检测

介绍了离子色谱荧光检测除草剂2_甲基_4_氯苯氧乙酸 (简称2甲4氯 )的方法 ,2甲4氯溶液在流速为1.5mL·min -1,淋洗液为0.1mol·L -1Na2CO3-0.1mol·L -1NaHCO3 混合溶液 ,荧光检测器的激发波长为284.9nm ,发射波长为314.5nm的条件下 ,能得到较好的分离和检测 ;在该条件下 ,2甲4氯具有良好的线性关系和重复性 ,检出限为0.093mg·L -1,对土壤样品进行检测 ,回收率98 %～103 %。     

大鼠体内复方清开灵代谢物的分析

建立了复方中药清开灵代谢物的液相色谱-质谱/质谱分析方法。采用Phenomenex Luna C18色谱柱,以0.1%甲酸(A)及V(甲醇)∶和V(乙腈)=4∶1混合液(B)作流动相,采用梯度洗脱(0 min,B为0%;33min,B为60%;66 min,B为88%;75 min,B为100%),流速:0.5 mL/min,离子阱质谱负离子模式进行检测。通过差谱方法对可能的代谢物进行快速搜索。对发现的重要的代谢物根据分子量以及多级质谱的碎片离子数据,结合体内代谢反应规律,进行指认和结构鉴定。共鉴定了3个主要的代谢物,其中一个为黄芩苷的代谢物,另两个为绿原酸的代谢物,后两个代谢物未见文献报道。本实验为研究复方中药复杂体系体内的代谢产物提供了一个有效而且快捷的模式。     

流动注射停流法快速测定环境水样中COD

应用流动注射停流分析技术 ,对环境水样中的COD进行测定。采用KMnO4 作氧化剂和光度分析指示剂 ,葡萄糖作基准物质 ,在反应温度为 95℃ ,停流 5min时 ,COD测定范围为 0～10 0mg·L- 1,检出限为 2mg·L- 1,相对标准偏差为 0 .8% (n =9) ,回收率为 85 %～ 95 %。Cl-<15 0mg·L- 1时不干扰测定     

非晶态FeNiCr合金中铁的胶束光度法测定

在pH1.0的HCl-KCl和Tween80胶束介质中,研究了1-亚硝基-2-萘酚(NN)与Fe(Ⅲ)的显色反应。建立了胶束光度法测定微量Fe(Ⅲ)的新方法。结果表明,Fe(Ⅲ)-NN(pH1.0)的吸收峰在445nm;摩尔吸光系数为1.68×104L·mol-1·cm-1;检出限为0.025mg·L-1;有色溶液的吸光度与Fe(Ⅲ)量在0.5-2.5mg·L-1范围内符合比耳定律,加标回收率为97.8%-104.3%(n=6)。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.