Partial geometries pg (s, t, 2) with an abelian Singer group and a characterization of the van Lint-Schrijver partial geometry

Let be a proper partial geometry pg(s,t,2), and let G be an abelian group of automorphisms of acting regularly on the points of . Then either t≡2±od s+1 or is a pg(5,5,2) isomorphic to the partial geometry of van Lint and Schrijver (Combinatorica 1 (1981), 63–73). This result is a new step towards the classification of partial geometries with an abelian Singer group and further provides an interesting characterization of the geometry of van Lint and Schrijver.The author is Postdoctoral Fellow of the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen).     

Proper partial geometries with Singer groups and pseudogeometric partial difference sets

A partial geometry admitting a Singer group G is equivalent to a partial difference set in G admitting a certain decomposition into cosets of line stabilizers. We develop methods for the classification of these objects, in particular, for the case of abelian Singer groups. As an application, we show that a proper partial geometry Π=pg(s+1,t+1,2) with an abelian Singer group G can only exist if t=2(s+2) and G is an elementary abelian 3-group of order ³(s+1) or Π is the Van Lint-Schrijver partial geometry. As part of the proof, we show that the Diophantine equation (m³−1)/2=(²rw−1)/(r²−1) has no solutions in integers m,r?1, w?2, settling a case of Goormaghtigh's equation.     

Generalized hexagons and Singer geometries

In this paper, we consider a set of lines of with the properties that (1) every plane contains 0, 1 or q + 1 elements of , (2) every solid contains no more than q ² + q + 1 and no less than q + 1 elements of , and (3) every point of is on q + 1 members of , and we show that, whenever (4) q ≠ 2 (respectively, q = 2) and the lines of through some point are contained in a solid (respectively, a plane), then is necessarily the set of lines of a regularly embedded split Cayley generalized hexagon in , with q even. We present examples of such sets not satisfying (4) based on a Singer cycle in , for all q.      

Paley type partial difference sets in abelian groups

Partial difference sets with parameters $\left(v,k,\lambda ,\mu \right)=\left(v,\left(v?1\right)/2,\left(v?5\right)/4,\left(v?1\right)/4\right)$ are called Paley type partial difference sets. In this note, we prove that if there exists a Paley type partial difference set in an abelian group of order v, where v is not a prime power, then $v=n^4$ or $9n^4$, $n>1$ an odd integer. In 2010, Polhill constructed Paley type partial difference sets in abelian groups with those orders. Thus, combining with the constructions of Polhill and the classical Paley construction using nonzero squares of a finite field, we completely answer the following question: “For which odd positive integers $v>1$, can we find a Paley type partial difference set in an abelian group of order $v$?”     

New negative Latin square type partial difference sets in nonelementary abelian 2-groups and 3-groups

A partial difference set having parameters (n ², r(n − 1), n + r ² − 3r, r ² − r) is called a Latin square type partial difference set, while a partial difference set having parameters (n ², r(n + 1), − n + r ² + 3r, r ² + r) is called a negative Latin square type partial difference set. Nearly all known constructions of negative Latin square partial difference sets are in elementary abelian groups. In this paper, we develop three product theorems that construct negative Latin square type partial difference sets and Latin square type partial difference sets in direct products of abelian groups G and G′ when these groups have certain Latin square or negative Latin square type partial difference sets. Using these product theorems, we can construct negative Latin square type partial difference sets in groups of the form where the s _i are nonnegative integers and s ₀ + s ₁ ≥ 1. Another significant corollary to these theorems are constructions of two infinite families of negative Latin square type partial difference sets in 3-groups of the form for nonnegative integers s _i . Several constructions of Latin square type PDSs are also given in p-groups for all primes p. We will then briefly indicate how some of these results relate to amorphic association schemes. In particular, we construct amorphic association schemes with 4 classes using negative Latin square type graphs in many nonelementary abelian 2-groups; we also use negative Latin square type graphs whose underlying sets can be elementary abelian 3-groups or nonelementary abelian 3-groups to form 3-class amorphic association schemes.      

Congruences in partial abelian semigroups

A partial abelian semigroup (PAS) is a structure , where is a partial binary operation on L with domain , which is commutative and associative (whenever the corresponding elements exist). A class of congruences on partial abelian semigroups are studied such that the corresponding quotient is again a PAS. If M is a subset of a PAS L, we say that are perspective with respect to M, if there is such that and A subset M is called weakly algebraic if perspectivity with respect to M is a congruence. Some conditions are shown under which a congruence coincides with a perspectivity with respect to an appropriate set M. Especially, conditions under which the corresponding quotient is a D-poset are found. It is also shown that every congruence of MV-algebras and orthomodular lattices is given by a perspectivity with respect to an appropriate set M. Received July 17, 1995; accepted in final form September 16, 1996.     

New necessary conditions on Paley‐type partial difference sets in abelian groups

Let be an abelian group of order , where are distinct odd prime numbers. In this paper, we prove that if contains a regular Paley‐type partial difference set (PDS), then for any is congruent to 3 modulo 4 whenever is odd. These new necessary conditions further limit the specific order of an abelian group in which there can exist a Paley‐type PDS. Our result is similar to a result on abelian Hadamard (Menon) difference sets proved by Ray‐Chaudhuri and Xiang in 1997.     

Negative Latin square type partial difference sets in nonabelian groups of order 64

There exist few examples of negative Latin square type partial difference sets (NLST PDSs) in nonabelian groups. We present a list of 176 inequivalent NLST PDSs in 48 nonisomorphic, nonabelian groups of order 64. These NLST PDSs form 8 nonisomorphic strongly regular graphs. These PDSs were constructed using a combination of theoretical techniques and computer search, both of which are described. The search was run exhaustively on 212/267 nonisomorphic groups of order 64.     

Strongly regular Cayley graphs from partitions of subdifference sets of the Singer difference sets

In this paper, we give a new lifting construction of “hyperbolic” type of strongly regular Cayley graphs. Also we give new constructions of strongly regular Cayley graphs over the additive groups of finite fields based on partitions of subdifference sets of the Singer difference sets. Our results unify some recent constructions of strongly regular Cayley graphs related to m-ovoids and i-tight sets in finite geometry. Furthermore, some of the strongly regular Cayley graphs obtained in this paper are new or nonisomorphic to known strongly regular graphs with the same parameters.     

A Family of Semi-Regular Divisible Difference Sets

We give a construction of semi-regular divisible difference sets with parametersm = p2a(r–1)+2b (pr – 1)/(p – 1), n = pr, k = p(2a+1)(r–1)+2b (pr – 1)/(p – 1)1 = p(2a+1)(r–1)+2b (pr–1 – 1)/(p-1), 2 = p2(a+1)(r–1)–r+2b (pr – 1)/(p – 1)where p is a prime and r a + 1.     

A New Family of Cyclic Difference Sets with Singer Parameters in Characteristic Three

We construct a new family of cyclic difference sets with parameters ((3 ^d – 1)/2, (3 ^{d – 1} – 1)/2, (3 ^{d – 2} – 1)/2) for each odd d. The difference sets are constructed with certain maps that form Jacobi sums. These new difference sets are similar to Maschietti's hyperoval difference sets, of the Segre type, in characteristic two. We conclude by calculating the 3-ranks of the new difference sets.     

Partial geometric difference sets and partial geometric difference families

The concept of a partial geometric difference set (or $1\frac{1}{2}$-difference set) was introduced by Olmez in 2014. Recently, Nowak, Olmez and Song introduced the notion of a partial geometric difference family, which generalizes both the classical difference family and the partial geometric difference set. It was shown that partial geometric difference sets and partial difference families give rise to partial geometric designs. In this paper, a number of new infinite families of partial geometric difference sets and partial geometric difference families are constructed. From these partial geometric difference sets and difference families, we generate a list of infinite families of partial geometric designs.     

Collineations and dualities of partial geometries

In this paper, we first prove some general results on the number of fixed points of collineations of finite partial geometries, and on the number of absolute points of dualities of partial geometries. In the second part of the paper, we establish the number of isomorphism classes of partial geometries arising from a Thas maximal arc constructed from a (finite) Suzuki-Tits ovoid in a classical projective plane. We also determine the full automorphism group of these structures, and show that every partial geometry arising from any Thas maximal arc is self-dual.     

A problem on partial sums in abelian groups

In this paper we propose a conjecture concerning partial sums of an arbitrary finite subset of an abelian group that naturally arises investigating simple Heffter systems. Then we show its connection with related open problems and we present some results about the validity of these conjectures.     

Negative Latin square type partial difference sets and amorphic association schemes with Galois rings

A partial difference set (PDS) having parameters (n², r(n?1), n+r²?3r, r²?r) is called a Latin square type PDS, while a PDS having parameters (n², r(n+1), ?n+r²+3r, r² +r) is called a negative Latin square type PDS. There are relatively few known constructions of negative Latin square type PDSs, and nearly all of these are in elementary abelian groups. We show that there are three different groups of order 256 that have all possible negative Latin square type parameters. We then give generalized constructions of negative Latin square type PDSs in 2‐groups. We conclude by discussing how these results fit into the context of amorphic association schemes and by stating some open problems. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 17: 266‐282, 2009     

On GMW Designs and Cyclic Hadamard Designs

We generalise results of Jackson concerning cyclic Hadamard designs admitting SL(2,2ⁿ) as a point transitive automorphism group. The generalisation concerns the designs of Gordon, Mills and Welch and we characterise these as designs admitting GM(m,qⁿ) acting in a certain way. We also generalise a construction given by Maschietti, using hyperovals, of cyclic Hadamard designs, and characterise these amongst the designs of Gordon, Mills and Welch.     

Quotients of partial abelian monoids and the Riesz decomposition property

Partial abelian monoids (PAMs) are structures (), where is a partially defined binary operation with domain , which is commutative and associative in a restricted sense, and 0 is the neutral element. PAMs with the Riesz decomposition properties and binary relations with special properties on PAMs are studied. Relations with abelian groups, dimension equivalence and K ₀ for AF C^*-algebras are discussed. Received September 17, 2000; accepted in final form March 13, 2002.     

Notes on R1-ideals in partial abelian monoids

In the present paper, we deal with a class of R ₁-ideals of cancellative positive partial abelian monoids (CPAMs). We prove that, for I being an R ₁-ideal of a CPAM P, P/I is a CPAM. The lattice of congruence relations associated with R ₁-ideals is a sublattice of the lattice of all equivalence relations. Finally, we prove that an intersection of two Riesz ideals is a Riesz ideal and that the lattice of Riesz ideals is a sublattice of the lattice of all ideals. Received March 19, 1999; accepted in final form December 16, 1999.     

Paley type group schemes and planar Dembowski–Ostrom polynomials

In this paper we give some necessary and sufficient conditions for Dembowski–Ostrom polynomials to be planar. These conditions give a simple explanation of the Coulter–Matthews and Ding–Yin commutative semifields and enable us to obtain permutation polynomials from some of the Zha–Kyureghyan–Wang commutative semifields. We then give a generalization of Feng’s construction of Paley type group schemes in extra-special p-groups of exponent p and construct a family of Paley type group schemes in what we call the flag groups of finite fields. We also determine the strong multiplier groups of these group schemes. In the last section of this paper, we give a straightforward generalization of the twin prime power construction of difference sets to a construction of Hadamard designs from twin Paley type association schemes.