On the q-extension of Euler and Genocchi numbers

Carlitz has introduced an interesting q-analogue of Frobenius-Euler numbers in [L. Carlitz, q-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials, Duke Math. J. 15 (1948) 987-1000; L. Carlitz, q-Bernoulli and Eulerian numbers, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 76 (1954) 332-350]. He has indicated a corresponding Stadudt-Clausen theorem and also some interesting congruence properties of the q-Euler numbers. A recent author's study of more general q-Euler and Genocchi numbers can be found in previous publication [T. Kim, L.C. Jang, H.K. Pak, A note on q-Euler and Genocchi numbers, Proc. Japan Acad. Ser. A Math. Sci. 77 (2001) 139-141]. In this paper we give a new construction of q-Euler numbers, which are different from Carlitz's q-extension and author's q-extension in previous publication (see [T. Kim, L.C. Jang, H.K. Pak, A note on q-Euler and Genocchi numbers, Proc. Japan Acad. Ser. A Math. Sci. 77 (2001) 139-141]). By using our q-extension of Euler numbers, we can also consider a new q-extension of Genocchi numbers and obtain some interesting relations between q-extension of Euler numbers and q-extension of Genocchi numbers.     

Sums of powers and majorization

We study certain sequences involving sums of powers of positive integers and in connection with this, we give examples to show that power majorization does not imply majorization.     

The Frobenius problem, sums of powers of integers, and recurrences for the Bernoulli numbers

In the Frobenius problem with two variables, one is given two positive integers a and b that are relative prime, and is concerned with the set of positive numbers NR that have no representation by the linear form ax+by in nonnegative integers x and y. We give a complete characterization of the set NR, and use it to establish a relation between the power sums over its elements and the power sums over the natural numbers. This relation is used to derive new recurrences for the Bernoulli numbers.     

The generalization of Faulhaber's formula to sums of non-integral powers

A formula for the sum of any positive-integral power of the first N positive integers was published by Johann Faulhaber in the 1600s. In this paper, we generalize Faulhaber's formula to non-integral complex powers with real part greater than −1.     

On the Pythagoras numbers of real analytic curves

We show that the Pythagoras number of a real analytic curve is the supremum of the Pythagoras numbers of its singularities, or that supremum plus 1. This includes cases when the Pythagoras number is infinite.      

铺瓷砖问题的推广

铺瓷砖问题是数学模型中著名的问题,在研究了铺瓷砖问题的基础上,对其进行了推广,并给出了各种推广情形的结果.     

Strong sums of projections in von Neumann factors

This paper presents necessary and sufficient conditions for a positive bounded operator on a separable Hilbert space to be the sum of a finite or infinite collection of projections (not necessarily mutually orthogonal), with the sum converging in the strong operator topology if the collection is infinite. A similar necessary condition is given when the operator and the projections are taken in a type II von Neumann factor, and the condition is proven to be also sufficient if the operator is “diagonalizable”. A simpler necessary and sufficient condition is given in the type III factor case.     

Some Arithmetic on the Hardy Sums s2（h, κ） and s3（h, κ）

In this work, Rademacher‘s two questions about Dedekind sums are applied to the Hardy sums s2(h,κ) and s3(h,κ). Some relations between these sums are obtained and some inequalities are given.     

Representations of Integers as Sums of 32 Squares

In this paper, we derive a new explicit formula for r ₃₂(n), where r _k(n) is the number of representations of n as a sum of k squares. For a fixed integer k, our method can be used to derive explicit formulas for r _8k (n). We conclude the paper with various conjectures that lead to explicit formulas for r _2k (n), for any fixed positive integer k > 4.