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有机-无机杂化膜的研究进展 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
有机-无机杂化膜由于具备了无机膜和有机膜各自的特点,具有良好的分离特性和物化稳定性,因而成为当前膜技术领域新型膜材料研究的热点.本文主要介绍了近年来国内外有机-无机杂化膜的研究现状、杂化膜的制备方法、结构和应用. 相似文献
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溶胶-凝胶法制备硅系有机-无机杂化分离膜 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以α-Al2O3多孔陶瓷片为载体,用溶胶-凝胶法制备有机-无机杂化分离膜.通过考察前驱物的组成及杂化溶胶的合成条件对制膜工艺过程的影响,得到了制备有机-无机杂化分离膜的各种适宜性参数.红外光谱(FTIR)分析结果表明,杂化溶胶的性能不仅决定分离膜的性能,而且对膜热处理过程中的龟裂有很大影响.膜层的厚度为1~2μm;在膜两侧压差为0.10MPa、n(PTMOS)/n(TEOS)=1.16时,膜对O2/N2,CO2/N2和CO2/O2的分离因子分别为2.30,4.31和1.17,渗透系数为75.81×10-17,75.28×10-17和72.78×10-17m3(STP)·m/(m2·s·Pa). 相似文献
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将天然聚合物褐藻酸钠添加到无机硅溶胶-凝胶膜,获得一种新型的无机/有机杂化膜。用此杂化膜包埋酪氨酸酶,制备电化学苯酚传感器。研究表明:硅溶胶-凝胶/褐藻酸钠复合膜能有效克服纯无机溶胶-凝胶膜的脆性;避免膜的裂开;提供生物酶所适宜的微环境;有效保持所固定酶的生物活性。所制备的传感器测定苯酚的线性响应范围为3.4-93.1μmol/L,其线性回归方程i(μA)=0.0774C(μmol/L) 0.1616,r=0.9980。检出限为1.33μmol/L。 相似文献
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溶胶-凝胶法制备二氧化钛纳米粒子及在光固化体系中的稳定分散 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
选用3种不同的稳定剂,乙酰丙酮(acac),异丙氧基三(焦磷酸二辛酯)钛(TTPO)和可聚合有机磷酸酯(MAP),采用钛酸四正丁酯(TBT)通过溶胶-凝胶法合成了一系列二氧化钛溶胶,并与树脂/单体相混合,制备成有机-无机杂化光固化涂料.利用FT-IR监测了TBT水解缩合形成溶胶的过程及杂化体系的光聚合过程.杂化固化膜SEM结果显示,在合成溶胶过程中添加不同的稳定剂对杂化固化膜中无机粒子粒径尺寸等形态有显著影响,其中使用TTPO作为稳定剂得到的无机粒子分散最均匀,粒径最小,约20 nm.物理性能测试表明光固化杂化膜在硬度和柔韧性方面都有明显的改善. 相似文献
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以十三氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷、四甲基二乙烯硅氧烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和正硅酸乙酯为原料,通过水解缩合制备了乙烯基含氟硅树脂。乙烯基硅橡胶和乙烯基含氟硅树脂为基质材料,含氢硅油为交联剂,硅氢加成制备了改性硅橡胶杂化膜材料。透气性能测试表明,当含氟硅树脂质量分数50.0%时,膜的成膜性和富氧性能之间达到最佳平衡点,30℃和0.01 MPa压差下,P(O2)为628 Barre,a(O2/N2)为3.36。与普通乙烯基硅橡胶交联膜比,这种有机―无机杂化膜在保持原有氧气透过系数的基础上,较好的改进了氧氮分离性能。 相似文献
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Guochang Zhang Yunfa Chen Haoying Li Yusheng Xie 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2000,19(1-3):425-428
Silica-based inorganic-organic hybrid membranes have been prepared on porous -Al2O3 substrate (pore size, 2 m) using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and phenyltrimethoxysilane (PTMOS) as precursors. The effects of sol synthesis conditions on the processing and performance of deposited hybrid layers were observed. The thickness of the hybrid layers after three deposition cycles is about 2 m, estimated from their cross-section SEM micrographs. The gas permselectivity of the hybrid membrane was characterized by O2/N2, CO2/N2, and CO2/O2 mixing gases, which was mainly governed by the surface diffusion at lower pressures and Knudson diffusion at higher pressures. The introduction of phenyl groups can not only improve the selectivity of O2/N2 and CO2/N2, but also densify the membrane network. 相似文献
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以正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)为硅源、三嵌段共聚物(F127)为表面活性剂, 聚碳酸酯膜为硬模板, 并采用抽滤法在聚碳酸酯膜内的亚微米级孔道中组装介孔氧化硅从而制备出有机(聚碳酸酯)/无机(介孔氧化硅)复合介孔膜. 通过扫描电镜、能量分散光谱以及透射电镜等实验表征了该有机/无机复合介孔膜的组成、结构及形貌. 研究结果表明: 通过该方法可以在聚碳酸酯膜内孔道中形成长度为9 μm、直径为200 nm的一维氧化硅棒状材料, 且该棒状材料具有无序蠕虫状和有序体心立方的混合介孔结构, 有序体心立方介孔的平均孔径约为8.5 nm. 另外, 初步考察了该复合介孔膜对生物酶的物理吸附行为, 结果表明其对肌红蛋白酶的单位吸附负载量为5.85 mg/g. 相似文献
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以3-异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷和对甲氧基苯胺为原料合成了一种可以自组装形成有机-无机杂化材料的化合物--3-(脲基-4-甲氧基苯基)丙基三乙氧基硅烷. 采用FT-IR, 1H NMR, DSC 和XRD 分析方法对该化合物的结构以及结晶性进行了表征. 将该化合物与聚乙烯醇(PVA)共混, 利用化合物的自组装性质构筑结构均一且致密无孔的离子通道杂化膜, 通过自制的膜运输实验装置测定膜对阳离子的传输性能并提出了相应的传输机制. SEM 照片显示, 自组装杂化膜致密无缺陷, 膜厚度为8 μm. 选择5 种阳离子进行运输实验测试, 结果表明, 自组装杂化离子通道膜对一价的碱金属离子Li+, Na+和K+有很好的传输功能, 这要归功于杂化材料中甲氧基苯基与碱金属阳离子形成的阳离子-π相互作用力. 碱金属阳离子在膜中的扩散过程可由溶解-扩散机制来解释, 结果显示, Li+, Na+和K+在杂化膜中传输的渗透率大小为: PNa+ > PK+ > PLi+ , 说明本研究中的的自组装杂化离子通道膜对Na+有优先选择性. 杂化离子通道膜对二价的Ca2+和Mg2+没有传输作用, 此结果给一二价阳离子的分离带来很好的研究思路. 相似文献
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Anina James Padmanaban Velayudhaperumal Chellam 《Chemical record (New York, N.Y.)》2024,24(1):e202300227
MFC can have dual functions; they can generate electricity from industrial and domestic effluents while purifying wastewater. Most MFC designs comprise a membrane which physically separates the cathode and anode compartments while keeping them electrically connected, playing a significant role in its efficiency. Popular commercial membranes such as Nafion, Hyflon and Zifron have excellent ionic conductivity, but have several drawbacks, mainly their prohibitive cost and non-biodegradability, preventing the large-scale application of MFC. Fabrication of composite materials that can function better at a much lower cost while also being environment-friendly has been the endeavor of few researchers over the past years. The current review aims to apprise readers of the latest trends of the past decade in fabricating composite membranes (CM) for MFC. For emphasis on environmental-friendly CM, the review begins with biopolymers, moving on to the carbon-polymer, polymer-polymer, and metal-polymer CM. Lastly, critical analysis towards technology-oriented propositions and realistic future directives in terms of strengths, weakness, opportunities, challenges (SWOC analysis) of the application of CM in MFC have been discussed for their possible large-scale use. The focus of this review is the development of hybrid materials as membranes for fuel cells, while underscoring the need for environment-friendly composites and processes. 相似文献
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J. P. Cosas Fernandes V. H. Mareau 《International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization》2018,23(2):113-119
The optimization of manufacturing processes and the investigation of polymer materials during their life cycle imply an extended knowledge of the physical and chemical properties of the material. To obtain colocalized chemical, morphological, and thermomechanical information on the same sample area, we have developed an innovative colocalized atomic force microscopy (AFM)-Raman setup and a sample preparation strategy using cryoultramicrotomy. The developed technique allows perfect cross-sectioning of thin membranes (10–300?µm) without embedding avoiding chemical contamination. The opened surface is characteristic of the material’s bulk properties and allows spectroscopic and near-field measurements without sample artifacts. Additionally, thin sections can be collected for complementary transmission electron microscopy. 相似文献
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复合介孔二氧化硅膜是近十年来发展起来的一种具有独特孔中孔结构的新型膜材料。该材料以多孔膜(无机多孔膜或者有机多孔膜)为硬模板,以表面活性剂为结构导向剂,通过溶胶-凝胶等方法将介孔二氧化硅材料组装在多孔膜的孔道中制备而成。由于其具有不同于传统介孔二氧化硅膜材料的一些独特结构和性能,并在分离、吸附和催化等领域具有广泛的应用前景,引起了人们广泛的关注。本文主要就复合介孔二氧化硅膜的制备方法,特别是近几年内其在纳滤、纳米材料的模板合成、酶的固定、传感器、反应器以及药物释放等方面最新的应用研究进展进行论述,同时对这类新型的复合介孔二氧化硅膜材料在合成和应用方面存在的问题进行了分析和总结,并对其发展前景作了展望。 相似文献