共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 75 毫秒
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5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)是一种具有重要应用价值的原材料和中间体,以果糖脱水合成HMF具有实现生物质转化利用的重大意义。本文综述了近三年来果糖制备HMF过程的两大关键因素:催化剂和反应介质的重要进展。固体酸(特别是杂多酸及其盐)、离子液体(ILs)中添加卤化物或ILs作为催化剂是近几年来研究的热点,固体酸的优点是可多次重复使用且易于分离,而ILs中果糖的降解条件较温和,副反应较少。目前,用于果糖转化HMF的反应溶剂优、缺点并存。最后对该反应存在的问题和今后的研究进行了总结和展望。 相似文献
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以离子液体氯化1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑鎓([Amim]Cl)为溶剂,以咪唑类酸功能离子液体[Cnmim]HSO4(n=2,4,6,8)和Cr Cl3·6H2O为复合催化剂,在微波辅助加热条件下降解纤维素制备5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF),考察了催化剂加入量、反应温度、催化剂种类、反应时间、加水量等反应条件对纤维素降解反应的影响。结果表明,当[C2mim]HSO4的加入量为0.02g、微晶纤维素(MCC)和Cr Cl3·6H2O的摩尔比为10∶1、反应温度为160℃、反应时间为30min、加水量为50μL时,微晶纤维素转化率为100%,总还原糖收率为87.2%,5-HMF产率最高可达到50%。 相似文献
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5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)是一种具有重要应用价值的原材料和中间体,以果糖脱水合成HMF具有实现生物质转化利用的重大意义。本文综述了近三年来果糖制备HMF过程的两大关键因素:催化剂和反应介质的重要进展。固体酸(特别是杂多酸及其盐)、离子液体(ILs)中添加卤化物或ILs作为催化剂是近几年来研究的热点,固体酸的优点是可多次重复使用且易于分离,而ILs中果糖的降解条件较温和,副反应较少。目前,用于果糖转化HMF的反应溶剂优、缺点并存。最后对该反应存在的问题和今后的研究进行了总结和展望。 相似文献
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以磷钨酸(TPA)为活性组分,ZSM-5、ZrO2-TiO2、TiO2-SiO2为载体制备一系列负载型固体酸催化剂并研究其对果糖脱水制5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)过程的影响。利用XRD、BET、TPD、SEM对催化剂的结构、比表面积、孔径、孔容、酸强度及形貌进行了表征,并考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量对5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HFM)收率的影响。结果表明:TPA/ZSM-5催化活性优于TPA/ZrO2-TiO2、TPA/TiO2-SiO2催化活性并表现出较好的稳定性,TPA/ZSM-5催化剂同时存在弱酸中心和中强酸位点,并且表面比较光滑,颗粒细小,呈现疏松多孔状结构,这些都有利于提高果糖脱水制5-HMF的收率。 相似文献
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以蒸馏后的乙烯焦油重组分为原料,采用交联-磺化法制备了乙烯焦油炭磺酸。 利用红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、热重分析(TGA-DTG)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段对该催化剂进行结构和性能表征。 结果表明,该催化剂呈现无定形石墨碳结构,且具有较高的酸量(4.20 mmol/g),表面的磺酸官能团是其关键活性中心。 并将该催化剂用于果糖脱水合成5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)的反应,在130 ℃反应140 min,催化剂用量0.3 g、溶剂用量8 mL及助剂用量0.3 g的条件下,果糖转化率和5-HMF产率分别为96.2%和52.1%,分离得到的5-HMF纯度可达97.0%。催化剂循环使用5次后,果糖的转化率和5-HMF的产率分别保持在85.1%和40.8%以上。 相似文献
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Catalytic conversion of carbohydrates into value-added products and platform chemicals became a trend in recent years. Microwave activation used in the processes of carbohydrate conversion coupled with the proper choice of catalysts makes it possible to enhance dramatically the efficiency and sometimes the selectivity of catalysts. This mini-review presents a brief literature survey related to state-of-the-art methods developed recently by the world research community to solve the problem of rational conversion of carbohydrates, mostly produced from natural resources and wastes (forestry and agriculture wastes) including production of hydrogen, synthesis gas, furanics, and alcohols. The focus is made on microwave technologies used for processing carbohydrates. Of particular interest is the use of heterogeneous catalysts and hybrid materials in processing carbohydrates. 相似文献
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五羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)被认为是近年来最具发展性和潜力的新型平台化合物。纤维素水解经由葡萄糖中间步骤进而转化为5-HMF是生物质资源制备能源平台化合物的主要利用途径之一,理解葡萄糖转化为5-HMF的过程具有重要意义。本文介绍了由葡萄糖制备5-HMF过程中的不同溶剂体系及外场对目标产物得率的影响,综述了由葡萄糖向5-HMF的转化机理,包括葡萄糖异构为果糖、果糖脱水生成5-HMF。目前,葡萄糖制备5-HMF的溶剂体系包括单相体系、离子液体、双相体系和低共熔溶剂体系,其中由离子液体和有机溶剂构成的双相反应体系是葡萄糖转化制5-HMF最有优势的反应体系,可以使生成的5-HMF迅速从反应相转移到有机相,减少副反应从而提高5-HMF得率;超声振荡、微波辐射和外加压力场通过与反应溶剂的协同作用加速传质、传热,大大缩短反应时间,提高反应效率。目前关于提高5-HMF得率以及中间产物的稳定和控制有待进一步深入研究。 相似文献
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以MCM-41、HZSM-5以及丝光沸石(MOR)为载体,磷钨酸(PW)为活性组分,通过浸渍法制备一系列负载型磷钨酸催化剂;采用FTIR、XRD、N2-吸附-脱附和NH3程序升温脱附等分析手段对催化剂进行表征.结果表明在负载活性物质过程中,载体骨架未被破坏,PW以无定形结构均匀分散到载体的表面并与载体间存在着明显的键合... 相似文献
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Zekun Ding Xiaosheng Luo Yibin Ma Heshan Chen Saifeng Qiu Guosheng Sun 《Journal of carbohydrate chemistry》2018,37(2):81-93
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural was conveniently synthesized by dehydration of D-fructose in a good yield. To further build bioactive derivatives from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, 2,3-unsaturated glycosides were directly obtained through the Ferrier-rearrange-ment reaction of various glycals. Noticeably, a solid acid catalyst was successfully applied in the preparation of 5-hydroxyme-thylfurfural and then recycled to promote the Ferrier-rearrang-ement reaction, making it possible to achieve two steps of reaction in an eco-friendly manner through the simple process. 相似文献
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Mei Hong Jie Min Shuangyan Wu Jiatong Li Jing Wang Lifen Wei Zhi Ling Kun Li Shifa Wang 《应用有机金属化学》2020,34(3):e5411
The development of new strategies for the synthesis of biomass-based non-precious metal heterogeneous catalysts has recently received great interest from chemists because of the advantages of these catalytic systems being sustainable, low cost and green. An expanded corn starch-supported CuBr catalyst (ECS-SB-CuBr) has been successfully prepared and well characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Further, ECS-SB-CuBr was used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) and a full HMF conversion is obtained with 98% DFF yield in acetonitrile under ambient pressure of dioxygen at 50°C. The catalyst also showed good reusability, could be easily recovered through filtration and washing and was reused in at least six consecutive runs with virtually no loss of catalytic performance. 相似文献
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The continuous dehydration of D-glucose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) was carried out under mild conditions,using SO3H-functionalized acidic ionic liquids as catalysts and H2O-4-methyl-2-pentanone(MIBK) biphasic system as solvent.High glucose conversion of 97.4% with HMF yield of 75.1%was obtained at 120 8C for 360 min,also,small amounts of levulinic acid(LA) and formic acid were generated.Generally,the dosage of catalyst and the initial content of glucose influenced the reaction significantly; the HMF selectivity decreased with the excessive elevation of temperature and prolonging of time; and water content in the system had a negative effect on the reaction.The ionic liquid catalyst could be recycled and exhibited constant activity for five successful runs.This paper provided a new strategy for HMF production from glucose. 相似文献