Li^＋忘记尖晶石构造LiAlMnO4的合成及离子交换性能

用共沉淀／热结晶法制备了尖晶石型金属复合物ＬｉＡｌＭＮＯ４用Ｘ－射线衍射、ＤＴＡ－ＴＧ分析、ＦＴ－ＩＲ光谱／ＰＨ滴定和Ｋｄ测定研究了该化合物的Ｌｉ＾＋抽出，嵌入及离子交换性质。研究表明，Ｌｉ＾＋的抽出／嵌入过程主要是离子交换，为局部规整反应；该化合物酸处理产物对Ｌｉ＾＋的交换容量约４．５ｍｏｌ／ｇ，对Ｌｉ＾＋显著了忘记性离子筛效庆。     

杂多酸盐催化剂中反荷离子对V^4＋离子影响的ESR研究

用ＥＳＲ方法研究了异丁醛一步氧化制甲基丙烯酸杂多酸盐催化剂中过渡金属离子Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｖ＾４＋的状态，将卷积差方法应用于ＥＳＲ谱增强了过渡金属离子的分辨率，从复杂和重叠谱中检测配位到杂多阴离子上的Ｖ＾４＋波谱参数计算了α＾２和Ｋ值，讨论了反荷离子Ｃｕ＾２＋及各种碱金属对Ｖ＾４＋上电子云密度、未成对电子离域性及Ｖ－Ｏ键性质的影响。     

杂元素冠醚研究（Ⅻ）——氧,硫,硒和碲杂冠醚的液膜迁移性能…

报道了碲杂冠醚（ＴｅＢ１５Ｃ５）对Ｎａ＾＋、Ｋ＾＋、Ａｇ＾＋和Ｐｂ＾２＋的液膜迁移能力，并与相应的全氧冠醚（Ｂ１５Ｃ５）、硫杂冠醚（ＳＢ１５Ｃ５）和硒杂冠醚（ＳｅＢ１５Ｃ５）作了比较；同时以ＳｅＢ１５Ｃ５对Ｋ＾＋的迁移为例考察了冠醚浓度和盐浓度对迁移速率的影响。     

β—型过渡元素三取代钨锗杂多配合物的合成,表征和催化活性

报道Ａ－β－Ｍ＇ｘＨｙ－［ＧｅＷＯＭ３（Ｈ２Ｏ）３Ｏ３７］．ｎＨ２Ｏ（Ｍ＝Ｃｒ＾３＾＋，Ｃｏ＾２＾＋，Ｎｉ＾２＾＋，Ｃｕ＾２＾＋；Ｍ＇＝Ｂｕ４Ｎ＾＋，Ｋ＾＋）的立体有择合成法制备及红外和远红外光谱，紫外和可见光谱和循环伏安，磁化率和磁矩，ＸＰＳ，ＥＳＲ以及催化活性等研究结果。     

掺杂Cu^2＋离子水滑石[CdxMg6—xAl2（OH）16]^2＋[S·2H2O…

合成了掺杂Ｃｕ＾２＋离子水滑石〔ＣｄｘＭｇ６－ｘＡｌ２（ＯＨ）１６〕＾２＋〔Ｓ·２Ｈ２Ｏ〕＾２－，研究了它的导电性质及其影响因素，计算得到了３８３￣５２３Ｋ时的导电活化能为７．１８ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。     

镧系元素Dawson结构钨钒磷四元杂多配合物的合成,表征以…

合成了通式为Ｋ１５Ｈ３〔Ｃｅ（Ｐ２Ｗ１６ＶＯ６１）２〕．６１Ｈ２Ｏ、Ｋ１５Ｈ４〔Ｌｎ（Ｐ２Ｗ１６ＶＯ６１）２〕．ｘＨ２Ｏ（Ｌｎ＝Ｌａ＾３＋，Ｐｒ＾３＋，Ｎｄ＾３＋，Ｓｍ＾３＋，Ｅｕ＾３＋，Ｇｄ＾３＋，Ｄｙ＾３＋，Ｙｂ＾３＋）的９种镧系元素Ｄａｗｓｏｎ结构的钨钒磷四元杂多配合物，并用ＩＲ、ＵＶ、ＮＭＲ、ＥＳＲ、ＸＲＤ、ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ等对其结构和性质进行子研究。该类配合物具有与Ｋ１６〔Ｃｅ（Ｐ２Ｗ１７Ｏ     

杂多化合物的红外光谱研究

本文研究了与Ｋｅｇｇｉｎ结构相关的３１种３大系列（２：１８系列，１：１１系列和双系列）杂多化合物的红外光谱，它们是：ＮＰ２Ｗ１８（Ｎ＝（ＣＨ３）４Ｎ＾＋，（Ｃ２Ｈ５）４Ｎ＾＋，（Ｃ４Ｈ９）４Ｎ＾＋），ＭＰ２Ｗ１８（Ｍ＝Ｌｉ＾＋，Ｎａ＾＋，Ａｇ＾＋，Ｃｕ＾２＋）；ＫｎＺＷ１１（Ｚ＝Ｐ，Ｂ，Ｇｅ，Ｓｉ），ＭＳｉＷ１１（Ｍ＝Ｍｎ，Ｚｎ，Ｃｕ，Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ）和Ｍ（ＰＷ１１）２（Ｍ＝Ｃｅ，Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｅ     

水杨醛缩—5—碘—5—氨基喹啉的合成及荧光光度法测定煤渣中痕量镓的研究

报道了新息夫碱试剂水杨醛缩－５－碘－５－氨基喹啉（ＳＡＩＡＱ）的合成。用元素分析、红外光谱法确定了其结构。测定了ＳＡＩＡＱ的酸度常数Ｋａ１＝２．４０×１０＾－４，Ｋａ２＝２．９８×１０＾－９。在ｐＨ３．５０￣５．００范围内ＳＡＩＡＱ与Ｇａ＾３＋形成稳定的荧光螯合物，且在λｅｘ／λｅｍ＝４２８ｎｍ／５４０ｎｍ产生强烈荧光。其荧光强度与Ｇａ＾３＋的浓度在１．５μｇ／Ｌ￣２６０μｇ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，     

Ce^3＋在钼钛矿型KMF3（M=Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba）基质中的发光特性

采用高温固相反应法，在Ａｒ气氛中合成了ＫＭＦ３（Ｍ＝Ｍｇ，Ｃａ，Ｓｒ，Ｂａ）基质化合物和掺杂Ｃｅ＾３＋的磷光体。经Ｘ射线衍射分析确定，ＫＭｇＦ３和ＫＣａＦ３属于立方晶系、钙钛矿型结构，ＫＳｒＦ３和ＫＢａＦ３具有类似的结构。测定了ＫＭＦ３：Ｃｅ＾３＋的发光光谱，观察到与其结构对应的分为二种不同的光谱结构，讨论了Ｃｅ＾３＋的取代格信。     

N—和对位取代苯胺及其正离子基在二甲亚砜溶液中的酸性解…

本文报道了在ＤＭＳＯ中测定的Ｎ－取代苯胺和对位取代乙酰苯胺的酸性解离常数［ｐＫａ（ＨＡ）］。利用热力学循环原理，通过对ｐＫａ和中性分子及其共轭碱的氧化电位的测定，求得到了直接方法难以得到的正离子基的酸性解离常数［ｐＫａ（Ｈａ＾＋．）］，并对所得的ｐＫａ（Ｈａ）和ｐＫａ（ＨＡ＾＋．）的取代基效应进行讨论。     

Multidimensional chromatographic separation of estrogen receptors

Analyses of estrogen and progesterone receptors in biopsies of breast carcinoma play a vital role in the selection of patients likely to respond to hormone manipulation. Sucrose density gradient centrifugation has been the reference method in the determination of estrogen receptors in human breast carcinoma cytosols. To reduce assay time and circumvent prolonged manipulation of labile receptor preparations, high performance liquid chromatography techniques in the size-exclusion and ion-exchange modes were compared as potential alternate methods for the rapid separation of receptor isoforms. Multidimensional analyses were performed by reapplying estrogen receptor isoforms obtained from high performance size-exclusion and ion-exchange chromatography to sucrose density gradients and vice versa. This confirmed that the estrogen-binding components identified by high performance liquid chromatography appear to correspond to estrogen receptor species from sucrose density gradients.     

制备方法对Co-MOR催化剂CH4选择还原NO性能的影响

采用离子交换法、浸渍法制备一系列的Co-MOR 催化剂, 并将其用于CH₄选择性催化还原 NO_x(CH₄-SCR)反应. 运用X 射线衍射(XRD)、X 射线荧光光谱(XRF)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-拉曼(UVRaman)光谱、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、NO程序升温脱附(NO-TPD)等手段对催化剂进行了表征. 结果表明, 浸渍法制备的催化剂, Co以Co₃O₄形式存在; 而离子交换法制备的催化剂, Co以离子形式进入丝光沸石(MOR)骨架之中, 在催化剂上形成更多的Co²⁺和[Co-O-Co]²⁺, 形成更均匀NO吸附中心和CH₄-SCR反应活性中心. 催化剂活性评价表明离子交换法制备的催化剂具有更宽的活性温度区间, Co(0.30)-MOR 催化剂在327-450℃温度范围内NO转化率大于50%.     

CuNaY分子筛的制备及其催化甲醇氧化羰基化

采用多种铜盐溶液与NaY分子筛离子交换制备了CuNaY催化剂,通过加入氨水提高溶液pH值以及高温活化,显著提高了该催化剂对甲醇氧化羰基化合成碳酸二甲酯的反应活性。不同的铜盐水溶液交换制备的CuNaY催化剂催化活性不同,添加氨水将溶液pH值调节为11后,离子交换制备的CuNaY催化剂的催化活性和DMC选择性明显升高且趋于一致。经元素分析、XRD、XPS和H₂-TPR表征可知,加入氨水可促进Cu²⁺离子交换的进行,提高CuNaY催化剂中Cu的交换量,催化剂中约75%的Cu²⁺定位于分子筛的超笼中。     

高活性甲醇氧化羰基化CuY催化剂的结构及催化活性中心

采用硝酸铜溶液和NaY分子筛溶液离子交换制备了CuY催化剂,通过加入氨水提高交换溶液的pH值以及高温焙烧活化,显著提高了甲醇氧化羰基化合成碳酸二甲酯的催化活性,与固相离子交换、沉积和浸渍法制备的催化剂相比,虽负载的铜量较低,但催化活性较高. 通过元素分析、XRD、H2-TPR、XPS和AES等对CuY催化剂微观结构的表征表明,在Cu(NO3)2离子交换溶液中加入氨水,促进了Cu2+离子交换的进行,提高了CuY催化剂的Cu交换量,并且交换的Cu2+主要落位于分子筛的超笼中. 在惰性气氛中焙烧活化CuY催化剂,Cu2+自还原为Cu+,氨促进了自还原过程的进行,显著提高了催化剂的活性. 焙烧活化温度越高,越有利于超笼中Cu2+→Cu+的自还原过程,使超笼中Cu+的含量增加, CuY催化活性增加. 进一步研究表明Y分子筛超笼中的Cu+是主要的催化活性中心.     

Raman spectra of zeolites exchanged with uranyl(VI) cations—I. Zeolite Y

UO₂Y zeolites prepared by various methods have been characterized by Raman spectroscopy. The speciation of [UO₂]²⁺ cations in as-prepared zeolites was found to be determined by hydrolytic reactions occurring at the zeolite—solution interface during ion-exchange, which resulted in the formation of hydroxy-bridged polynuclear complexes in all zeolites investigated. The extent of cation hydrolysis was found to be significantly reduced if the parent NaY zeolites were pretreated in mildly acidic media prior to ion-exchange, and a model for the chemical processes occurring during sample preparation is proposed.     

Evaluating the charge of nanofiltration membranes

In this study, several methods were used to determine the charge of commercially available nanofiltration membranes, and were compared. First the ion-exchange capacity was determined by titration, this method is able to distinguish between positively and negatively charged functional groups on the membrane. Secondly, measurements of the streaming potential gave a value for the charge density at the exterior membrane surface; the effect of the pH of the solution on the membrane charge was studied. Finally, measurements of the membrane potential allowed to evaluate the total membrane charge density.The results of the three methods were used to compare the membrane charge of nanofiltration membranes mainly in a qualitative way. It is shown that measurements of the membrane potential are preferred for the evaluation of the membrane charge.     

Cesium uptake from aqueous solutions by bentonite: a comparison of multicomponent sorption with ion-exchange models

The removal of cesium from concentrated aqueous solutions into Ca/Mg-bentonite for a wide range of bentonite-to-water (m/V) ratios was studied experimentally and theoretically. Using the batch technique, the equilibrium of Cs uptake was measured. The nonlinear character of cesium sorption substantially influenced by the m/V ratio was observed. The experimental data were evaluated using the multicomponent Langmuir isotherm and an ion-exchange model based on the ion-exchange reaction between Cs+ and M2+ (Ca2+/Mg2+) initially sorbed on bentonite. Constants k1,Cs = 0.521 mmol.g-1, k2,Cs = 968 L.mol-1, and k2,M = 592 L.mol-1 were obtained for Cs uptake described by multicomponent Langmuir isotherm. For the ion-exchange model, the thermodynamic equilibrium constant K = 75.5 mL.g-1 with a standard deviation of sK = 17.4 mL.g-1 was determined. Using the t test, the calculated data of multicomponent Langmuir and ion-exchange isotherms were fit to experimental data, and the best agreement was obtained for the ion-exchange model. The results show that Cs uptake by bentonite could be substantially decreased in systems with a high bentonite-to-water (m/V) ratio as a consequence of the presence of desorbed divalent cations in the liquid phase.     

Anion-exchange resin modified with bismuthiol-II, as a new functional resin for the selective collection of selenium(IV)

A functional resin for the collection of selenium(IV) has been prepared simply by the conversion of a common ion-exchange resin with bismuthiol-II which has three functional properties, namely the capabilities of selective reaction with selenium(IV), ion-exchange reaction with ion-exchange resin and strong physical sorption to the ion-exchange resin matrix. The binding ratio of selenium(IV) to bismuthiol-II on the resin was confirmed to be 1:4. The reaction was represented as follows: 4RSH + H(2)SeO(3)--> R-S-Se-S-R + R-S-S-R + 3H(2)O. Highly selective sorption of selenium(IV) was achieved, based on the formation of stable selenotrisulphide on the resin. Selenium(IV) sorbed on bismuthiol-II resin was eluted effectively with 8-13M nitric acid or some thiols, such as cysteine and penicillamine. In the cases of thiols, the elution of selenium was found to be also based on the formation of selenotrisulphide, and the bismuthiol-II resin was regenerated. Satisfactory results were obtained when this resin was applied to the determination of selenium(IV) in river, estuarine or sea water samples.     

Preparation and electrochemical characterization of cation- and anion-exchange/polyaniline composite membranes

Composite membranes were prepared by chemical polymerization of a thin layer of polyaniline (PANI) in the presence of a high oxidant concentration on a single face of a sulfonated cation-exchange membrane (CEM) and quaternary aminated anion-exchange membrane (AEM). IR and SEM studies for both types of membranes confirmed PANI loading on the ion-exchange membranes. PANI composite ion-exchange membranes were characterized as a function of the polymerization time by ion-exchange capacity, coating density, and membrane conductance measurements. Membrane potential measurements were performed in various electrolyte solutions in order to observe the selectivity of these membranes for different types of counterions. Membrane potential data in conjunction with membrane conductance data was interpreted on the basis of frictional considerations between membrane matrix and solute. Electrodialysis experiments, using PANI composite ion-exchange membranes with 4 h polymerization time, were performed in single and mixed electrolyte solutions for observing electromigration of solute across PANI composite ion-exchange membranes. Relative dialytic rates of Na(2)SO(4), CaCl(2), and CuCl(2) were estimated with reference to NaCl on the basis of electrodialysis experiments and it was concluded that it is possible to separate different electrolytes using PANI composite ion-exchange membranes.     

NH4^＋改型钾丝光沸石及其离子交换性

用铵盐改型钾丝光沸石,通过Ｘ－射线衍射,红外分析,分配系数,离子交换等温线及交换容量等的测定,就其结构及交换性能进行了研究;并与铵改型钠丝光沸石和天然斜发沸石等进行比较,表明ＮＨ４＾＋改型后的钾丝光沸石对Ｋ＾＋具有较高的交换容量和较好的Ｋ＾＋／Ｎａ＾＋分离效果。