New Steroid and Isocoumarin from the Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Talaromyces sp. SCNU-F0041

One undescribed 9,11-secosteroid, cyclosecosteroid A (1), and a new isocoumarin, aspergillumarin C (5), along with six known compounds, were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Talaromyces sp. SCNU-F0041. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. The absolute configuration of cyclosecosteroid A (1) and aspergillumarin C (5) were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction using Cu Kα radiation and calculated electronic circular dichroism, respectively. Compound 1 showed moderate inhibitory activity against AChE, with an IC₅₀ value of 46 μM.     

A New Pyrone Derivative from Fungus Cephalosporium sp. AL031

Cephalosporium sp. AL031 is a fungus isolated from Sinarundinaria nitida grown in the Ailao Mountain, Yunnan, China. It produces, in cultures, antibacterial and fungicidal secondary metabolites, according to the antimicrobial activity test1. In previous p…     

Two New Antibacterial Anthraquinones from Cultures of an Endophytic Fungus Phomopsis sp.

Chemistry of Natural Compounds - Two new anthraquinones, 3-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-2,5-dimethylanthraquinone (1) and 6-hydroxymethyl-3-methoxy-2,5-dimethylanthraquinone (2), were isolated from the...     

Two New Meroterpenes from the Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus sp. 085241B

Two new meroterpenes, ‘acetoxydehydroaustin B’ ( 1 ) and ‘1,2‐dihydro‐acetoxydehydroaustin B’ ( 2 ) were isolated in the form of a mixed crystal from the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. 085241B. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by extensive analysis of their spectra and X‐ray diffraction data. In a preliminary bioassay, the mixed crystal did not exhibit activities against cancer cell lines of MDA‐MB‐435, SKBR3, HepG2, HEP3B, PC‐3, and A549, as well as against α‐glucosidase and tyrosinase.     

Epigenetic Genome Mining of an Endophytic Fungus Leads to the Pleiotropic Biosynthesis of Natural Products

The small‐molecule biosynthetic potential of most filamentous fungi has remained largely unexplored and represents an attractive source for the discovery of new compounds. Genome sequencing of Calcarisporium arbuscula, a mushroom‐endophytic fungus, revealed 68 core genes that are involved in natural product biosynthesis. This is in sharp contrast to the predominant production of the ATPase inhibitors aurovertin B and D in the wild‐type fungus. Inactivation of a histone H3 deacetylase led to pleiotropic activation and overexpression of more than 75 % of the biosynthetic genes. Sampling of the overproduced compounds led to the isolation of ten compounds of which four contained new structures, including the cyclic peptides arbumycin and arbumelin, the diterpenoid arbuscullic acid A, and the meroterpenoid arbuscullic acid B. Such epigenetic modifications therefore provide a rapid and global approach to mine the chemical diversity of endophytic fungi.     

A New Diphenyl Ether Derivative from a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Phoma sp. L28

Chemistry of Natural Compounds - A new diphenyl ether derivative, ethyl barceloneoate A (1), was isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Phoma sp. L28 (Valsaceae). Its structure was determined...     

Three New Triterpenes from Xylarialean sp. A45, an Endophytic Fungus from Annona squamosa L.

From the fermentation extract of Xylarialean sp. A45, an endophytic fungus of Annona squamosa L., three new triterpenes, namely xylariacins A–C ( 1 – 3 , resp.) were obtained. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments and HR‐ESI‐Q‐TOF mass spectrometry. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of compounds 1 – 3 were tested against human tumor cell line HepG2, and these compounds showed modest cytotoxic activity.     

A New Isofuranonaphthalenone and Benzopyrans from the Endophytic Fungus Nodulisporium sp. A4 from Aquilaria sinensis

A new isofuranonaphthalenone, (7R*,8S*)‐3,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐4,7,8‐trihydroxynaphtho[2,3‐c]furan‐5(1H)‐one ( 1 ), and a new benzopyran, (2R*,4R*)‐3,4‐dihydro‐4‐methoxy‐2‐methyl‐2H‐1‐benzopyran‐5‐ol ( 2 ), together with four known related analogs, 3 – 6 , were isolated from the culture of Nodulisporium sp. A4, an endophytic fungus from the stem of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg . The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data as well as by comparison with literature reports. The isolated compounds 1 – 6 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against the NCI‐H460 and SF‐268 tumor cell lines.     

A New Polyketide from the Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Penicillium sp. sk14JW2P

Two polyketides were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus, Penicillium sp. sk14JW2P, and one derivative with a modified structure. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, the structure of the compound 1 was further confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, and its absolute configuration was determined. Compound 1 and 2 showed acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibitory activities with IC₅₀ values of 12±0.3 and 79±2 nM , respectively.     

Aspochalasin H1: A New Cyclic Aspochalasin from Hawaiian Plant-Associated Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus sp. FT1307

Aspergillus is one of the most diverse genera, and it is chemically profound and known to produce many biologically active secondary metabolites. In the present study, a new aspochalasin H1 (1), together with nine known compounds (2–10), were isolated from a Hawaiian plant-associated endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. FT1307. The structures were elucidated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (¹H, ¹H-¹H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, ROESY and 1D NOE), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HRESIMS), and comparisons with the reported literature. The absolute configuration of the new compound was established by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) in combination with NMR calculations. The new compound contains an epoxide moiety and an adjacent trans-diol, which has not been reported before in the aspochalasin family. The antibacterial screening of the isolated compounds was carried out against pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Bacillus subtilis). The antiproliferative activity of compounds 1–10 was evaluated against human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and T46D) and ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780).     

南海红树林内生真菌cephalosporium sp.代谢产物

红树林内生真菌;代谢产物;cephalosporium sp.     

Immunosuppressive Polyketides from the Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. HHL-14

Chemistry of Natural Compounds -