炭载微过氧化物酶-11电极对O2和H2O2还原的电催化性能

氧还原;生物燃料电池;炭载微过氧化物酶-11电极对O2和H2O2还原的电催化性能     

磁性纳米微球-血红蛋白修饰电极的电化学行为及对H2O2电催化还原的研究

将天然高分子壳聚糖(CS)包裹碳包铁的磁性纳米微球(CFN/CS)修饰于玻碳电极表面,并利用戊二醛将血红蛋白(Hb)交联在CFN/CS上,制备了Hb-CFN/CS-GC电极。循环伏安法和电化学交流阻抗法实验结果表明,Hb在CFN/CS-GC电极表面仍保持较好的生物活性,能稳定有效地进行直接电子转移反应。电化学研究表明该修饰电极对H2O2有良好的电催化还原作用,在pH 7.0的磷酸盐(PBS)介质中,H2O2在5.2×10-5~2.3×10-3mol/L浓度范围内,其浓度与还原峰电流呈良好线性关系,检出限为8.7×10-6mol/L。该修饰电极有着良好的重现性和稳定性。     

辣根过氧化物酶的电化学固定化及其对H2O2的生物电催化还原作用

利用电化学固定化方法制备了聚吡咯/辣根过氧化物酶(PP/HRP)膜电极,并研究了其电化学行为。在除氧的磷酸盐缓冲液介质中,PP/HRP电极加速H₂O₂的还原,归因于酶加成物的直接电子传递。探索HRP与电子传递体K₄Fe(CN)₆在聚吡咯(PP)膜中的同时固定化条件及其膜电极的电化学行为,实验证实,K₄Fe(CN)₆在酶膜中的存在使得H₂O₂的还原电位强烈正移,在-0.05V的工作电位下能对H₂O₂进行检测,相应的电极过程可用间接氧化还原催化机理解释。     

辣根过氧化物酶的电化学固定化及其对H2O2的生物电催化…

利用电化学固定化方法制备了聚吡咯／辣根过氧化物酶（ＰＰ／ＨＲＰ）膜电极，并研究了其电化学行为，在除氧的磷酸盐缓冲液介质中，ＰＰ／ＨＲＰ电极加速Ｈ２Ｏ２的还原，归因子酶加成物的直接电子传递，探索ＨＲＰ与电子传递体Ｋ４Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６在聚吡咯（ＰＰ）膜中的同时固定化条件及其膜电极的电化学行为，实验证实，Ｋ４Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６在酶膜中的存在使得Ｈ２Ｏ２的还原电位强烈正移，在－０．０５Ｖ的工作电位下能对Ｈ２Ｏ２     

纳米Pd上H2O2的电催化还原反应

利用纳米Pd颗粒修饰的Au旋转圆盘电极, 通过强制对流条件下的线性电势扫描伏安法, 研究了酸性介质中H2O2在纳米Pd催化剂上的电还原反应. 动力学研究结果表明, H2O2在纳米Pd上电还原反应的表观活化能为27.6 kJ·mol-1, 反应为2电子转移过程, 电解质的阴离子类型显著影响纳米Pd对H2O2电化学还原反应的催化性能. 根据动力学电流与H2O2浓度及与H+浓度的关系, 提出了Pd催化H2O2电还原反应可能的速率控制步骤, 并讨论了其可能的反应机理.     

氯过氧化物酶修饰电极用于岩白菜素的电催化氯化

将氯过氧化物酶(CPO)与双十二烷基二甲基溴化铵(DDAB)混合后滴涂于玻碳(GC)电极表面, 制得CPO-DDAB/GC修饰电极. 循环伏安结果显示, 固定在电极表面的CPO可与电极之间发生直接的电子传递作用. 利用高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术对反应产物进行表征, 结果显示, 以该CPO修饰电极为工作电极, 在氧气饱和的氯化钾-岩白菜素溶液中, 利用CPO催化氧还原生成的过氧化氢可进一步驱动CPO对岩白菜素的催化氯化反应. 经估算总转化数(TTN)达到13600, 即1 mol CPO可催化13600 mol岩白菜素.     

金电极表面聚赖氨酸固定微过氧化物酶-11的电化学研究

通过聚赖氨酸修饰将微过氧化物酶-11(MP-11)固定在金电极表面,制备成MP-11修饰电极.修饰在电极表面上的MP-11的血红素活性中心与电极之间可进行直接的电子传递反应,其氧化还原式电位为-0.39V.该修饰电极对氧的还原具有电催化活性.当MP-11与咪唑发生轴向配位反应时,其氧化还原式电位发生负移,此时对氧的还原不再具有电催化活性.     

微过氧化物酶-11在壳聚糖修饰玻碳电极上的电化学

采用物理吸附法, 将微过氧化物酶-11(MP-11)固定在载体壳聚糖修饰的玻碳电极表面. 运用循环伏安法对MP-11在该修饰电极上的直接电化学行为及对氧(O2)和过氧化氢(H2O2)的电催化行为进行了表征. 研究结果表明, 在pH=7.12的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中, 壳聚糖修饰电极上的MP-11发生了准可逆的氧化还原反应, 而且在反应过程中包含质子的传递过程, 完全实现了MP-11在该修饰电极上的直接电化学. 该修饰电极也可以对O2和H2O2进行电催化还原, 并且两个反应的电催化还原过程都是受表面控制的电化学过程, 对H2O2催化还原产生的响应电流与H2O2的浓度呈线性关系.     

辣根过氧化物酶电极在H2O2分析中的应用

辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)能催化过氧化氢与氢供体间的氧化还原反应,是当今生物传感器研究的热点之一.HRP分子内含有α-D-葡萄糖和α-D-甘露糖,是一种糖蛋白,在pH 7.0下,能与具有识别α-D-葡萄糖和α-D-甘露糖功能的外源植物凝集素伴刀豆球蛋白(Con A)结合.通过Con A与HRP之间的识别作用在半胱氨酸修饰的金表面构造HRP多层自组装膜电极,以亚甲蓝(MB)溶液为介体,对电极进行了电化学表征,并用该酶电极测定了过氧化氢浓度.     

Microperoxidase-11 Modified Electrode and Its Electrocatalytic Activity on the Reduction of O2 and H2O2

Microperoxidase-11(MP-11) was immobilized on the surface of a silanized glass carbon electrode by means of the covalent bond with glutaraldehyde.The measurements of cyclic voltammetry demonstrated that the formal redox potential of immobilized MP-11 was -170mV.which is significantly more positive than that of MP-11 in a solution or immobilized on the surface of electrodes prepared with other methods.This MP-11 modified electrode showed a good electrocatalytic activity and stability for the reduction of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.     

微过氧化酶-11在聚赖氨酸修饰银电极上的电化学及电催化

发现利用吸附在粗糙Ag电极上的聚赖氨酸(Ply),以静电作用方式固定微过氧化酶 11（MP 11）来制备MP 11/Ply/Ag修饰电极,不但方法简单,而且制得的修饰电极对O2 的还原有高的电催化活性和好的稳定性.另外还发现MP 11分子中血红素的第六配体被配位能力较强的配体,如咪唑取代时,其本身的氧化还原电位负移,对O2还原的电催化活性降低.     

普鲁士蓝修饰碳糊电极测定过氧化氢的研究

将普鲁士蓝(PB)化学沉淀在活化后的石墨粉上,利用硅油做粘合剂,制作碳糊电极.碳糊电极在pH=7.5时稳定性很好.该电极对过氧化氢检测的线性范围为5.0×10-6～7.0×10-4 mol/L,检出限为2.0×10-6 mol/L.对碳糊电极在过氧化氢检测过程中的传递系数、扩散系数、稳定性、重现性等进行了系统的研究.     

Electrocatalytic Dioxygen Reduction at Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Polyaniline Grafted Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Film

The work details the electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ medium on a modified electrode containing a film of polyaniline (PANI) grafted multi‐wall carbon nanotube (MWNT) over the surface of glassy carbon electrode. We have fabricated a novel modified electrode in which conducting polymer is present as connected unit to MWNT. The GC/PANI‐g‐MWNT modified electrode (ME) is fabricated by electrochemical polymerization of a mixture of amine functionalized MWNT and aniline with GC as working electrode. Cyclic voltammetry and amperometry are used to demonstrate the electrocatalytic activity of the GC/PANI‐g‐MWNT‐ME. The GC/PANI‐g‐MWNT‐ME exhibits remarkable electrocatalytic activity for ORR. A more positive onset potential and higher catalytic current for ORR are striking features of GC/PANI‐g‐MWNT‐ME. Rapid and high sensitivity of GC/PANI‐g‐MWNT‐ME to ORR are evident from the higher rate constant (7.92×10² M^?1 s^?1) value for the reduction process. Double potential chronoamperometry and rotating disk and rotating ring‐disk electrode (RRDE) experiments are employed to investigate the kinetic parameters of ORR at this electrode. Results from RDE and RRDE voltammetry demonstrate the involvement of two electron transfer in oxygen reduction to form hydrogen peroxide in acidic media.     

石墨烯修饰玻碳电极对多巴胺的电催化氧化

通过3-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷(METMS)将氧化石墨烯(GO)固载到玻碳电极(GCE)表面, 用电化学方法还原GO制备石墨烯修饰玻碳电极(rGO-METMS-GCE). 利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、 拉曼光谱(Raman)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)等技术对GO和rGO-METMS-GCE的结构和表面形貌进行表征. 采用循环伏安(CV)和差分脉冲溶出伏安(DPV)法研究了rGO-METMS-GCE对多巴胺(DA)的电催化氧化性能及反应机理. 结果表明, 与裸GCE相比, DA在rGO-METMS-GCE电极上的氧化还原峰电流(i_pa和i_pc) 增大4倍, 氧化峰电位负移106 mV, 氧化峰与还原峰电位差(ΔE_p)从202 mV降低至66 mV, DA电化学氧化可逆性明显改善, 表明rGO-METMS-GCE对DA电化学氧化具有显著电催化作用. DA在rGO-METMS-GCE上的反应机理为单电子转移过程.     

Electrocatalytic Reduction of H2O2 and Oxygen on the Surface of Thionin Incorporated onto MWCNTs Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode: Application to Glucose Detection

A new H₂O₂ enzymeless sensor has been fabricated by incorporation of thionin onto multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) modified glassy carbon electrode. First 50 μL of acetone solution containing dispersed MWCNTs was pipetted onto the surface of GC electrode, then, after solvent evaporations, the MWCNTs modified GC electrode was immersed into an aqueous solution of thionin (electroless deposition) for a short period of time <5–50 s. The adsorbed thin film of thionin was found to facilitate the reduction of hydrogen peroxide in the absence of peroxidase enzyme. Also the modified electrode shows excellent catalytic activity for oxygen reduction at reduced overpotential. The rotating modified electrode shows excellent analytical performance for amperometric determination of hydrogen peroxide, at reduced overpotentials. Typical calibration at ?0.3 V vs. reference electrode, Ag/AgCl/3 M KCl, shows a detection limit of 0.38 μM, a sensitivity of 11.5 nA/μM and a liner range from 20 μM to 3.0 mM of hydrogen peroxide. The glucose biosensor was fabricated by covering a thin film of sol–gel composite containing glucose oxides on the surface of thionin/MWCNTs modified GC electrode. The biosensor can be used successfully for selective detection of glucose based on the decreasing of cathodic peak current of oxygen. The detection limit, sensitivity and liner calibration rang were 1 μM, 18.3 μA/mM and 10 μM–6.0 mM, respectively. In addition biosensor can reach 90% of steady currents in about 3.0 s and interference effect of the electroactive existing species (ascorbic acid–uric acid and acetaminophen) is eliminated. The usefulness of biosensor for direct glucose quantification in human blood serum matrix is also discussed. This sensor can be used as an amperometric detector for monitoring oxidase based biosensors.     

碳纳米管负载纳米铂修饰电极及电催化氧化H2O2的研究

采用化学气相沉积法在碳纳米管(CNT)上负载Pt纳米颗粒,并制备了CNT-Pt修饰玻碳电极(CNT-Pt/GCE).研究了该修饰电极在磷酸缓冲液中对H2O2的电催化氧化作用以及实验条件的影响.计算了H2O2在CNT-Pt/GCE上的电极反应速率常数.结果表明,CNT-Pt/GCE对H2O2的电化学氧化具有良好的催化作用,电极反应速率常数比铂电极高约2.65倍.初步探讨了电催化氧化机理,为酶电化学传感器的研制提供了一条新的途径.     

Palladium-Substituted Keggin Type Polyoxotungstate Chemically Modified Electrode and Its Catalytic Activity Toward Hydrogen Peroxide Reduction

Abstract

Keggin type heteropolytungstate, in which one of the positions normally occupied by a tungsten cation is occupied by a palladium cation instead, is used to prepare a chemically modified electrode (CME). The electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties of such a CME are investigated. The electron transfer between the palladium-substituted heteropolytungstate and the glassy carbon electrode is fast. The palladium-substituted heteropolyanion CME, with a surface apparent coverage about 1.94 x 10^?9 mol.cm^?2, is shown to be an excellent catalyst for the electrochemical reduction of hydrogen peroxide, while the perfect and lacunary heteropolyanions show no catalytic activity. The effect of solution pH on the stability of the CME, as well as on the electrocatalytic activity toward H₂O₂, was also investigated. The catalytic current increases linearly with increasing concentration of H₂O₂ up to 150mmol.L^?1, and the detection limit is 4.0 x 10^?6mol.L^?1. Due to its sensitivity and durability, this CME could be used as analytical sensor for detecting H₂O₂ in real samples.