Ion heating by lower hybrid waves

An ion heating by excited lower hybrid waves has been observed in a coaxial type double plasma device. The lower hybrid resonance heating is examined on the two components of the kinetic energy perpendicular and parallel to the magnetic field.     

Propagation characteristics of cold lower hybrid waves in linear tokamak plasmas

Propagation of the cold lower hybrid waves in a cylindrical and a cylindrical tokamak plasmas is studied theoretically. The energy flow trajectory in spiral in the poloidal direction and extends along the toroidal direction, as well. The latter distance to the resonance layer is equal to √M/ma, in order (a: radius of plasma column).     

Dynamics of the transport barrier formation on the FT-2 tokamak caused by lower hybrid heating

Experiments at the FT-2 tokamak had demonstrated effective plasma LH heating, which was accounted for by both direct absorption of RF power and plasma transport suppression. The improved core confinement accompanied by Internal Transport Barrier (ITB) formation was observed. The RF pulse switch off is followed by triggering of LH transition and the External Transport Barrier (ETB) formation near the last closed flux surface. The present paper is devoted to a much more detailed study of the radial electric fieldE _r behaviour in the region of ITB and ETB and its influence on the tokamak microturbulence in these regions. The new experimental data were obtained by spatial spectroscopic technique using additional pulse helium puffing in hydrogen plasma. Simultaneously microscale plasma oscillations in the frequency band (0.01–2) MHz are observed with local enhanced microwave scattering diagnostics and by x-mode fluctuation reflectometry. Experiments demonstrate that the improved confinement is associated with the modification of microturbulence by the shear of theE×B poloidal velocity. This conclusion is also confirmed by the data obtained by Langmuir probes in the edge plasma. Presented at 5th Workshop “Role of Electric Fields in Plasma Confinement and Exhaust”, Montreux, Switzerland, June 23–24, 2002”. The study was performed with the support of the Ministry of General and Professional Education of RF (TOO-7.4-2797), INTAS-01-2056 and the RFBR Grants 00-02-16927, 01-02-17926 and 02-02-17684.     

Improved lower hybrid current drive efficiency with IBW heating in the HT-7 tokamak

Lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) efficiency in the HT-7 tokamak is observed to increase about 30% with ion Bernstein wave (IBW) heating. The current drive efficiency as high as has been reached in HT-7 thanks to an LHCD/IBW synergy. The IBWs are significantly coupled to the fast electrons produced by the lower hybrid waves, thus results in higher fast electron photon temperature in the combined LHCD + IBW scenario. The interaction of LHCD + IBW improved current drive efficiency.     

Electron cyclotron heating in the WT-1 tokamak

When a high power microwave is injected into a tokamak plasma, the intensities of microwave radiations emitted from the plasma and those of impurity lines are increased. Such increases are observed only when the electron cyclotron resonance field is present in the torus. The upper hybrid resonance heating is also observed near the plasma surface.     

Plasma heating by lower hybrid resonance

Experimental results are presented for the dispersion relation of the resonance and heating plasma by rf field at the frequency near the hybrid ion electron resonance.     

Electron heating by the magnetic field-aligned electron-cyclotron waves in plasmas

It is shown that resonant nonlinear interactions between the magnetic-field aligned right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic (CPEM) electron-cyclotron waves and electrons can produce electron temperature anisotropy due to the stochastic electron heating by waves in magnetized plasmas. The present result can thus account for the simultaneous presence of CPEM waves and an anisotropic electron temperature distribution in laboratory and space magnetoplasmas.     

Experimental observation of interaction of runaway electrons with lower hybrid waves in slide-away regime in the HT-7 tokamak

The characters of slide-away regime in the HT-7 tokamak have been investigated, and evidences that lower hybrid waves (LHW) are excited in slide-away regime are presented based on local fast electron bremsstrahlung (FEB) emission profile and FEB emission spectrum. The interaction of high energy runaway electrons with those excited LHW via anomalous Doppler resonance is analyzed and the resonance energy is derived with which the behavior of those relevant signals in the experiment can be explained very well. It is shown that this interaction can provide an effective way to reduce the damage to the machine caused by runaway electrons.     

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提出一种基于双缓冲的中断式数据采集、文件分割式存储以及文件合并式数据显示方法,解决了EAST低杂波系统数据量大幅增加后数据采集、储存和显示的问题。此方法在首次EAST低杂波放电中的应用令人满意。     

Electron current drive by fusion-product-excited lower hybrid drift instability

We present first principles simulations of the direct collisionless coupling of the free energy of fusion-born ions into electron current in a magnetically confined fusion plasma. These simulations demonstrate, for the first time, a key building block of some "alpha channeling" scenarios for tokamak experiments. Spontaneously excited obliquely propagating waves in the lower hybrid frequency range undergo Landau damping on resonant electrons, drawing out an asymmetric tail in the electron parallel velocity distribution, which carries a current.     

Toroidal rotation induced by 4.6 GHz lower hybrid current drive on EAST tokamak

Using a tangentially viewing x-ray imaging crystal spectrometer, substantial co-current rotation driven by lower hybrid current drive(LHCD) at 4.6 GHz is observed on EAST tokamak. This study presents plasma rotation behaviors with 4.6 GHz LHCD injection. Typically, the 10-20 km/s co-current rotation change and the transport of rotation velocity from edge to core are observed. The relationship between plasma parameters and rotation is also investigated, indicating that rotation decreases with increasing internal inductance(l_i) and increases with increasing safety factor(q_0). Hysteresis between rotation and T_e plasma stored energy is observed, suggesting different response times between the electron heating and rotation acceleration by LHCD. A comparison between the rotations driven by 4.6 G LHCD and 2.45 G LHCD on EAST is also presented, in which higher frequency LHCD could induce more rotation changes.     

Investigation of lower hybrid current drive during H-mode in EAST tokamak

H-mode discharges with lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) alone are achieved in EAST divertor plasma over a wide parameter range. These H-mode discharges are characterized by a sudden drop in D_α emission and a spontaneous rise in main plasma density. Good lower hybrid (LH) coupling during H-mode is obtained by putting the plasma close to the antenna and by injecting D₂ gas from a pipe near the grill mouse. The analysis of lower hybrid current drive properties shows that the LH deposition profile shifts off axis during H-mode, and current drive (CD) efficiency decreases due to the increase in density. Modeling results of H-mode discharges with a general ray tracing code GENRAY are reported.     

低杂波电流驱动下加热的数值模拟

应用作者最新改进的求解FOKKER-PLANK方程的程序,首次得到了低杂波电流驱动下的加热功率密度和加热功率.这些数值模拟结果不仅很好地解决了低杂波电流驱动中的功率平衡问题,而且也能为以后的托卡马克低杂波电流驱动实验提供一定的指导作用.     

EAST低杂波电流驱动的数值模拟

应用改进后的低杂波电流驱动程序对EAST进行了低杂波电流驱动的数值模拟。通过模拟发现,波注入位置、功率谱、等离子体温度和密度对低杂波的功率沉积和电流驱动剖面分布有很大影响。通过选取合适的低杂波功率谱、等离子体温度和密度,可以实现对其功率沉积和电流驱动剖面分布的控制。     

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应用改进后的低杂波电流驱动程序对EAST进行了低杂波电流驱动的数值模拟。通过模拟发现,波注入位置、功率谱、等离子体温度和密度对低杂波的功率沉积和电流驱动剖面分布有很大影响。通过选取合适的低杂波功率谱、等离子体温度和密度,可以实现对其功率沉积和电流驱动剖面分布的控制。