共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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以碳纳米管、介孔碳分子筛和氮掺杂的介孔碳为前驱体,采用全氟磺酸-全氟乙烯共聚物(PTFE)液相沉积方法制备了修饰量相同的三种全氟磺酸功能化碳基固体酸催化剂,利用N2吸附、热重分析(TG)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶红外变换(FTIR)光谱以及电位滴定等方法对材料的结构和酸性进行了表征.考察催化剂对于苯甲醇与苯甲醚Friedel-Crafts (F-C)反应的催化性能.结果表明,前驱体的比表面积越大,与修饰剂的相互作用越强,越有利于修饰剂在前驱体表面的分散,得到的催化剂表面酸量越多,酸催化活性越好.因此,全氟磺酸功能化的氮掺杂介孔碳在F-C反应中表现出最高的活性和稳定性. 相似文献
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钯-高分子载体催化剂对糠醛加氢液相反应的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
以弱碱性苯乙烯系阴离子交换树脂[D392,-NH2,D382,-NHCH3,D301R,-NH(CH3)2],强碱性苯乙烯系阴离子交换树脂[201×7DVB,-NH+(CH3)3]和弱碱性环氧系阴离子交换树脂(701,-NH2)为载体制备了3种钯-高分子载体催化剂.考察了反应条件、高分子载体的种类、钯含量和催化剂用量对糠醛催化加氢生成四氢糠醇反应及催化性能的影响.在体积分数为50%的乙醇-水溶液和水中对糠醛常压液相加氢反应,钯-高分子载体(阴离子交换树脂D392,-NH2,D382,-NHCH3)催化剂均可使糠醛的加氢反应转化率达100%,生成四氢糠醇的选择性达98%以上,而用金属钯为催化剂的转化率达70%以上,选择性达97%以上.同时用XPS分析了高分子载体催化剂的结构与催化加氢反应性能的关系. 相似文献
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首先制备了2种磺酸功能化的有机聚苯乙烯/无机磷酸氢锆非均相催化剂,运用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、N2吸附-脱附测试、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等测试技术对催化剂进行了表征,提出了催化剂可能的模型。其次,考察了非均相催化剂催化合成环氧化大豆油的催化性能。结果表明:以叔丁基过氧化氢(TBHP)为氧化剂,固体催化剂对大豆油的环氧反应具有良好的催化性能,相比于催化剂1(磺酸化低聚苯乙烯基膦酸-磷酸氢锆),在相同的条件下,催化剂2(磺酸化聚(苯乙烯-苯乙烯膦酸)-磷酸氢锆)表现出更高的催化活性(产率:58.6%vs 53.3%),这主要归因于催化剂2拥有更大的比表面积、孔容以及孔径,为底物和催化剂的接触提供足够的催化场所。催化剂2重复使用7次后,催化活性未见明显降低。第8次反应结束后,将其置于2 mol·L-1稀盐酸中静置过夜后,在进行第9和10次循环时,催化活性又得以恢复。 相似文献
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合成了均相Pd—Mo双核络合物催化剂,由氯甲基化的聚苯乙烯一二乙烯苯树脂可制得2—二苯基膦毗啶—4—次甲基聚苯乙烯树脂,将Pd—Mo双核络合物催化剂同二苯基膦毗啶甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂反应可得固相化催化剂。采用了红外光谱,紫外光谱,核磁共振谱,x—衍射等测定了分子结构,考察了对1,5,9—环十二碳三烯选择加氢催化反应的性能。 相似文献
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Zhenghuan Lin Chuanjin Guan Limei Huang Wen Wang Qidan Ling Chengxue Zhao 《中国化学会会志》2013,60(3):261-266
Macroreticular p‐(ω‐sulfonic‐perfluoroalkylated) polystyrene (FPS) resin with the advantages of both sulfonic polystyrene (such as macroreticular Amberlyst‐15) and perfluoroalkanesulfonic resin (such as superacidic Nafion NR50) has exhibited excellent catalytic selectivity and activity in cyclization of pseudoionone and condensation of indole. In this paper, FPS was characterized by XPS, nitrogen sorption technique, FESEM and Hammett indicator method, and employed as the solid acid catalyst in the esterification, acylation and alkylation reactions. The FPS resin showed better activity than commercial solid acid catalysts (Amberlyst‐15 and Nafion NR50) owing to its high surface area and strong acidity close to superacidity. 相似文献
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Synthesis of functionalized mesoporous carbon by an easy-accessed method is of great importance towards its practical applications.Herein,an evaporation induced self-assembly/carbonization(EISAC) method was developed and applied to the synthesis of sulfonic acid group functionalized mesoporous carbon(SMC).The final mesoporous carbon obtained by EISAC method possesses wormlike mesoporous structure,uniform pore size(3.6 nm),large surface area of 735 m2/g,graphitic pore walls and rich sulfonic acid group.Moreover,the resultant mesoporous carbon achieves a superior electrochemical capacitive performances(216 F/g)to phenolic resin derived mesoporous carbon(OMC,152 F/g)and commercial activated carbon(AC,119 F/g). 相似文献
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Goran T. Vladisavljevi Masataka Shimizu Tadao Nakashima 《Journal of membrane science》2005,250(1-2):69-77
Morphological properties of hydrophilic and hydrophobic Shirasu-porous-glass (SPG) membranes were investigated over a wide range of mean pore sizes (0.252–20.3 μm) by liquid permeability measurements, scanning electron microscopy and Hg porosimetry. Hydrophobic modification of membrane surface was made by surface coating with silicone resin. The results are discussed using the non-uniform capillary bundle model of membrane permeability. The mean pore tortuosity of 1.28 was kept constant over the whole range of mean pore sizes investigated. The SEM images confirmed that the geometry of pore network was similar for all SPG membranes, irrespective of their mean pore size. The span of pore size distribution ranged from 0.28 to 0.68 and the number of pores per unit cross-sectional membrane area from 109 to 1013 m−2. The membrane resistance was unchanged after surface treatment with silicone resin, which means that the pores were not plugged by the resin, even in the submicron range of mean pore sizes. 相似文献
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Amanmammet Bugrayev Nazli Al-Haq Rukeme A. Okopie Asma Qazi Michael Suggate Alice C. Sullivan John R.H. Wilson 《Journal of molecular catalysis. A, Chemical》2008,280(1-2):96-101
New covalently linked sulfonic acid modified silicas have been formed and characterised and their catalytic Brönsted activity evaluated. Thus phenylmercaptoethyltrimethoxysilane, (MeO)3SiCH2CH2SC6H5 and benzylmercaptoethyltrimethoxysilane, (MeO)3SiCH2CH2SCH2C6H5, were used to prepare the corresponding T-functional silica derivatives silica CH2CH2SC6H4-4-SO3H and silica CH2CH2SCH2C6H4-4-SO3H by grafting on commercial silica, followed by sulfonation of the aryl group. Solid-state NMR, DTA and surface area characteristics of the materials are reported. The mercaptophenylsulfonic acid materials are thermally robust highly efficient solid catalysts for a range of transformations including, esterification, etherification and carbonyl group protection. An apparent pore size effect on rate of conversion was observed. The mercaptobenzylsulfonic acid materials were comparatively unstable. 相似文献
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以乙醇和乙酸的酯化作为反应模型,考察固体酸催化剂阳离子交换树脂、SO42-/ZrO2和分子筛在微波加热条件下的酯化活性。结果表明,三类固体酸催化剂的活性顺序为Amberlite树脂﹥SO42-/ZrO2﹥HZSM-5,催化剂活性与酸度一致;酯化反应中水的含量对催化剂的活性有不同程度的影响,水含量较高时催化剂SO42-/ZrO2酯化活性明显变差,而阳离子交换树脂仍具有较高的酯化活性。采用阳离子交换树脂对生物油进行微波催化酯化提质后,原生物油中含有的大量不同种类的羧酸被有效地转化成各种酯类,酯类化合物由原油中的4种增加到13种。与传统加热条件下生物油催化提质比较,生物油微波提质具有明显优势,提质后生物油组分得到优化。 相似文献
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苯基磺酸官能化中孔硅基材料的制备及催化性能研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
通过溶胶-凝胶法制得了苯基聚硅氧烷, 进一步磺化制备了苯基磺酸官能化的中孔硅基催化材料, 并通过BET, SEM和固体核磁技术对其进行了表征. BET结果表明, 该催化剂比表面积为722 m2/g, 平均孔径为9.06 nm, 孔容0.59 mL/g. 13C CPMAS NMR和29Si CPMAS NMR表征显示磺酸基键合于苯环间位, 苯基以共价方式进入无机-有机杂化硅基材料的内部结构. 该固体酸的活性中心磺酸基在表面呈均匀分布, 在芳族羧酸和取代酚的直接酯化反应中表现出优异的催化性能. 相似文献
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利用煤具有缩合芳环、脂肪侧链及含氧官能团的结构特点,采用不同煤化程度的煤为碳源,在不同炭化温度下制备了煤基固体酸催化剂(CSA)。通过XRD、FT-IR、13C NMR对催化剂结构进行了表征。以还原糖和葡萄糖的产率为考察指标,探讨了煤化程度和炭化温度对煤基固体酸非均相催化水解纤维素的影响。结果表明,煤作为碳源具有传统碳源所不具备的结构优势,煤基固体酸碳层片上除含有磺酸基、酚羟基和羧基外,还含有传统碳基固体酸不具备的桥键(-O-、-CH2-)和侧链(-CH3、-OCH3、-CH2CH3)。除磺酸基外,其余均由煤的结构演化而来。随着炭化温度的升高,催化剂的芳香度增大、活性基团的种类和数量减少、磺酸基密度逐渐下降,且随着煤化程度增加,煤基固体酸结构可调性降低,所需要的最佳炭化温度也逐渐降低。不同种类的煤基固体酸在水解纤维素过程中表现出了较高的活性,其中,霍林河煤基固体酸的活性最高。水解活性受催化剂芳香片层大小及堆叠高度、片层之间桥键和磺酸基密度等因素的影响,是众多活性基团协同作用的结果。 相似文献
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筛选高效、高选择性多相催化剂异构化亚油酸是共轭亚油酸(CLA)研究的重点。 本文采用溶剂挥发自组装改进的溶胶-凝胶法,合成有序介孔Ru掺杂的MgO-ZrO2固体碱催化剂。 考察了催化剂中不同Mg物质的量对催化剂孔径、比表面积和表面碱性以及Ru等的结构和性能对催化性能的影响。 对比了催化剂的形貌、表面碱性及Ru组分对催化性能的影响程度。 结果表明,n(Zr)∶n(Mg)=3∶1时,Ru掺杂的MgO-ZrO2固体碱催化剂具有高度有序的介孔结构和高的比表面积。 而n(Zr)∶n(Mg)=1∶1时, MgO-ZrO2固体碱催化剂合成CLA产率较高,反应时间4 h,产率达到85%,催化效率为0.099 g(CLA)·L-1(solvent)·min-1,并且催化产物主要为具有生物活性的3种共轭亚油酸异构体。 催化剂的强碱性位点和晶格Ru是催化异构化反应的两个活性位点,强碱性位点是提高催化性能的关键。 固体碱复合氧化物催化效率高、制备方法简单、反应产物生物活性高等优点,具有较好的应用前景。 相似文献