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1.
在固定床反应器中研究了钾在热解和水蒸气气化过程中的变迁,并在TG-DSC上考察了钾系催化剂对煤焦水蒸气气化的催化效果以及随钾化合物形态变化的关系。结果表明,干混法和浸渍法添加碳酸钾对煤焦水蒸气气化的催化效果显著,煤焦的气化反应性随着钾添加量的增加而增大,当催化剂添加到一定量时催化效果陡增,同时神府煤钾的负荷饱和添加量为10%。在煤样热解和气化过程中,钾的化学形态会发生变化,发现并定量了还原态钾中间体的生成。在气化过程中碳酸钾的催化规律和还原态钾中间体的数量之间存在对应关系,当碳转化率为0.2~0.4时,气化速率和还原态钾中间体的数量达到最大值。在700~800℃,钾系催化剂的催化作用和还原态钾中间体的数量之间也存在对应关系,即碳酸钾催化效果较好,氯化钾的催化效果较差,硫酸钾的催化效果随温度的变化明显。 相似文献
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选取稻草、水洗稻草及添加质量分数为5%KCl的微晶纤维素颗粒作为热解原料,进行固定床快速和慢速热解,研究稻草热解过程中全钾和四种赋存状态钾的析出规律以及四种赋存状态钾之间的相互迁移转化。结果表明,稻草热解过程中钾的析出率随温度变化分为两个区间,热解温度低于700℃时钾的析出率受温度影响较小;热解温度高于700℃时四种赋存状态钾相继达到释放点从而导致钾析出率急剧增加;热解过程中钾的析出主要是由水溶态和残渣态钾的减少造成;同时水溶态钾和有机态钾能够发生相互迁移转化;残渣态的碳骨架钾在热解时断裂,一部分转化成水溶态钾,一部分仍以残渣态钾存在。 相似文献
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Ferrous ethylenediamine sulphate has been. used as a reducing agent in acid medium for the indirect volumetric estimations of potassium chlorate, potassium bromate, potassium metaperiodate, potassium, dichromate, potassium ferricyanide, potassium permanganate, potassium persulphate, hydrogen peroxide and ceric sulphate. The excess of ferrous ethylenediamine sulphate added to each of the substances was titrated with standard potassium permanganate and also with. standard potassium dichromate solution. In case of potassium bromate or potassium metaperiodate the end-point was not sharp in potassium dichromate titrations; while accurate volumetric observations were made with standard potassium permanganate solution. 相似文献
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研究了在流动的高浓度锌酸钾溶液中锡酸钾添加剂对锌负极沉积/溶解行为的影响. 循环伏安测试结果表明, 扫描速度为1 mV/s时, 随着添加锡酸钾浓度的增加, 阴极分支更早出现沉积, 溶解峰的峰值逐渐减小; 随着扫描速度的增加, 这种规律变得不明显. 利用SEM观测电沉积500 s的沉积物形貌发现, 向基础溶液中添加锡酸钾有利于晶种的产生和晶粒的生长. EDS测试结果表明含锡酸钾的锌酸钾溶液中沉积层含有锌和锡. 自放电测试结果表明, 基础电解液加入锡酸钾后自放电现象得到了明显的改善, 充满电静置12 h后加入0.1 mol/L锡酸钾的电池放电库仑效率从基础溶液的60.0%提高到81.1%. 相似文献
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Ferrous ethylenediamine sulphate has been used as a reducing agent to determine indirectly potassium dichromate, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, potassium persulphate, potassium chlorate, potassium bromate, and ceric sulphate by a potentiometric method. An excess of ferrous ethylenediamine sulphate added to each of the substances in an acid medium is titrated with a standard solution of potassium permanganate, using platinum foil as an oxidation-reduction electrode coupled with a saturated calomel electrode through an agar-agar potassium chloride bridge. 相似文献
6.
煤水蒸气气化过程中钾催化剂与矿物质的相互作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在固定床反应器中研究了碳酸钾对煤的水蒸气催化气化,考察了钾与10种煤中矿物质的相互作用,采用XRD和XRF分析经过水浸取后的气化残渣。结果表明,在煤水蒸气气化过程中,碳酸钾催化剂与煤中矿物质相互作用形成难溶于水的化合物。当煤的灰分中钙含量较少时,钾催化剂与矿物质反应的量和气化灰渣中铝含量成线性关系,即K:Al=1:1。当煤的灰分中含钙量较多时,钙能够以钙铝黄长石(Ca2Al2SiO7)的形式固定大量的铝,一定程度上抑制钾催化剂和矿物质的反应。钾和矿物质反应的量影响钾催化剂的催化作用。 相似文献
7.
甲基紫分光光度法测定食盐中的添加剂碘酸钾 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了碘酸钾、碘化钾与甲基紫在盐酸介质中的显色反应 ,反应产物之最大吸收波长λmax为 650nm ,并由此建立了一个简单、快速、实用的分光光度测定食盐中微量碘酸钾的新方法。在最佳实验条件下 ,碘酸钾质量浓度在 0~ 1 60 μg/ 2 5mL内服从比耳定律 ,其线性相关系数r为 0 .9996。本法用于加碘食盐中微量碘酸钾的测定 ,结果与紫外光度法所得结果基本一致 相似文献
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Ferrous ethylenediamine sulphate has been used as a reducing agent in acid medium for the indirect volumetric estimations of potassium chlorate, potassium bromate, potassium metaperiodate, potassium dichromate, potassium ferricyanide, potassium permanganate, potassium persulphate, hydrogen peroxide and ceric sulphate. The excess of ferrous ethylenediamine sulphate added to each of the substances in acid medium was titrated with standard ceric sulphate solution using ferroin as an indicator. 相似文献
9.
Textural and chemical characterizations of adsorbent prepared from palm shell by potassium hydroxide impregnation at different stages 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from palm shell, a carbonaceous agricultural solid waste, by potassium hydroxide treatment at different stages were studied. The effects of activation temperature and chemical to sample ratio on the characteristics of the activated carbon were investigated. Fixed-bed adsorption of sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) gas was carried out to evaluate the adsorptive capacity of the samples. Desorption tests were conducted to verify the occurrence of chemisorption due to some surface functional groups or of chemical reaction between SO(2) and KOH. It was found that pre-impregnation of raw palm shell was involved in replacement of some hydrogen ions with potassium ions to form cross-linked complexes, which retarded the tar formation during carbonization, resulting in a relatively high yield. Moreover, these potassium ions accelerated the reaction as catalysts during gasification of chars by carbon dioxide. For chars with mid-impregnation, potassium hydroxide acted in two ways: (i) formation of metallic potassium by dehydration and (ii) conversion into potassium carbonate. Metallic potassium intercalated to the carbon matrix accounted for pore development and potassium carbonate layer prevented the sample from over burn-off. Post-impregnation of final products modified the textural characteristics of the sample as some pore entrances were blocked by chemicals. However, potassium hydroxide enhanced the amount of SO(2) uptaken via formation of potassium sulfite. 相似文献
10.
Chloramine-B has been used as an oxidising agent to determine indirectly potassium iodate, potassium metaperiodate, potassium, bromate, potassium dichromate, hydrogen peroxide, chloramine-T and potassium permanganate by a potentiometric method. An excess of potassium iodide added to each of the substances in an acid medium is titrated back with a standard solution of chloramine-B, using platinum foil as an oxidation-reduction electrode coupled with a saturated calomel electrode through an agar-agar potassium chloride bridge. 相似文献
11.
Ferrous ethylenediamine sulphate has been used as a reducing agent to determine indirectly potassium permanganate, ceric sulphate, potassium chlorate, hydrogen peroxide, potassium persulphate, potassium dichromate and potassium bromate by a potentiometric method. An excess of ferrous ethylenediamine sulphate added to each of the substances in acid medium was titrated with a standard solution of ceric sulphate, using platinum foil as an oxidation-reduction electrode coupled with a saturated calomel electrode through an agar-agar potassium chloride bridge. 相似文献
12.
E.L. Charsley M.C. Ford Diane E. Tolhurst S. Baird-Parker T. Boddington P.G. Laye 《Thermochimica Acta》1978,25(2):131-141
The self-propagating combustion reaction between tungsten and potassium dichromate has been studied by differential thermal analysis and temperature profile analysis. Two reaction stages have been distinguished in the combustion where the rate of temperature rise is ? 105 K min?1: in the first potassium dichromate is reduced by tungsten to form potassium chromate and in the second stage the potassium chromate reacts with more tungsten to form potassium tungstate and chromic oxide. 相似文献
13.
《Journal of organometallic chemistry》1990,393(3):C40-C42
Treatment of n-butyllithium with potassium cyclopentadienide or potassium naphthalenide yields a strongly basic system. The activation of n-butyllithium with potassium cyclopentadienide also enhances its reactivity in nucleophilic substitution reactions. 相似文献
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Low concentrations of ammonium and potassium ions (<2.0 mg/l.) were determined simultaneously by capillary type isotachophoresis based on the interaction between potassium and 18-crown-6 in the aqueous leading electrolyte. The PU value of potassium ion increased with increasing concentration of 18-crown-6 up to 3mM, whereas that of the ammonium ion remained almost constant. Thus complete separation of ammonium and potassium ions could be obtained by using 1-3mM 18-crown-6. The error in the analysis of mixtures containing ammonium and potassium ions (250-mul sample injection) was less than +/- 20% with a leading electrolyte containing 3mM 18-crown-6. The analysis time was 18 min. 相似文献
17.
T.D. Rice 《Analytica chimica acta》1977,91(2):221-228
Lithium metaborate fusion and hydrofluoric acid dissolution methods used before the flame emission or atomic absorption spectrometric determination of potassium in rocks and minerals are compared with regard to accuracy and precision. Possible contamination by potassium in borosilicate glassware was avoided by the use of platinum or polyethylene vessels; solutions were prepared and measured by weight instead of volume. Separation of potassium by cation-exchange chromatography enabled potassium in all solutions of a given sample to be measured against one set of standard solutions. When the various dissolution methods were used carefully, the results did not differ in precision. Significant systematic errors were not detected; in particular, potassium was not lost by volatilization during fusion for 15 min with lithium metaborate at 9OO°C. 相似文献
18.
碱金属钾对Ni基催化剂纤维素水蒸气气化活性的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
碱金属钾对Ni基催化剂纤维素水蒸气气化活性的影响 《燃料化学学报》2015,43(12):1433-1438
采用两段式催化气化方式研究了生物质热解气化过程中碱金属的挥发对Ni基催化剂活性的影响。实验结果表明,负载K盐的纤维素水蒸气催化气化过程中,K挥发后会在催化剂表面沉积,而少量K的存在和表面沉积不但能够提高镍基催化剂的抗积炭能力,而且有助于提高其催化活性,产生更多的氢气。然而纤维素中K的浓度过大,将会抑制Ni基催化剂的效果;K在催化剂上的沉积随催化剂循环次数的增加而增加,K的含量愈高,对催化剂的抑制效果愈明显,从而缩短了催化剂的使用寿命。 相似文献
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A mechanism is proposed for the reaction of gamma-butyrolactone with the potassium anion as a two-electron-transfer reagent. Potassium hydride and potassium 4-potassiobutyrate are formed in this process as intermediates. These compounds deprotonate gamma-butyrolactone. Potassium lactone enolate, potassium butyrate, and hydrogen are the final reaction products. 相似文献