5‘—硝基—水杨基荧光酮—溴化十六烷基三甲胺荧光猝灭法测定？…

本文基于Ｚｒ（Ⅳ）５‘－硝基－水杨基荧光酮－溴化十六烷基三甲铵（ＣＴＭＡＢ）体系的荧光猝灭效应,提出一种测定微量锆的新荧光分析方法。在０．８－１．２--ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的Ｈ２ＳＯ４介质中,ＣＴＭＡＢ存在下,锆与５’－Ｎ－ＳＡＦ生成组成比为１：４的橙红色络合物。     

5′-硝基-水杨基荧光酮-溴化十六烷基 三甲胺荧光猝灭法测定微量锆

本文基于Ｚｒ（Ⅳ）－５′－硝基－水杨基荧光酮（５′－Ｎ－ＳＡＦ）－溴化十六烷基三甲铵（ＣＴＭＡＢ）体系的荧光猝灭效应,提出一种测定微量锆的新荧光分析方法。在０．８～１．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的Ｈ２ＳＯ４介质中,在ＣＴＭＡＢ存在下,锆与５－Ｎ－ＳＡＦ生成组成比为１∶４的橙红色络合物。该体系存在两个激发峰,其激发波长分别为λｅｘ１＝４７５ｎｍ,λｅｘ２＝５０５ｎｍ,发射波长λｅｍ＝５２５ｎｍ。锆（Ⅳ）浓度在２．０～８０μｇ／Ｌ呈良好线性关系,检出限为２．０μｇ／Ｌ。本法灵敏度高,选择性好,用于铝合金中微量锆的测定,获得满意结果。     

萃取分离-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定盐卤中痕量铯的研究

采用墨炉原子吸收光谱法（ＧＦＡＡＳ）研究盐卤中铯原子化行为和机理,建立了热解石墨管、ＫＮＯ３－ＮＨ４ＮＯ３基体改进剂、１８－冠－６、溴百里香酚蓝、氯仿萃取分离－ＧＦＡＡＳ测定盐卤中铯的方法。用于测定盐卤中痕量铯,特征质量１．４×１０－１０ｇ／０．００４４Ａ;加标回收率８９％～１０５％;相对标准偏差４．１３％。     

膜富集分光光度法测定痕量铜的研究

本文以ＰＡＮ为显色剂，用ＷＸ型混合纤维素滤膜（孔径为０．６５μｍ，２５ｍｍ）富集分离，用乙醇溶解富集物Ｃｕ－ＰＡＮ，分光光度法测定微量铜，Ｃｕ－ＰＡＮ在乙醇溶液中最大吸收波长为５６０ｎｍ，表观摩尔吸光系数为３．７３×１０－４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１。铜量在０．２－１０．０μｇ／５ｍＬ范围内符合比耳定律，该法具有灵敏度高、操作简便、快速、线性范围宽等优点。方法应用于食品、水样中铜的测定，结果满意     

氯代甲烷分子对电子激发态CH（A^2△,B^2Σ^—和C^2Σ^＋）的猝灭

本文用激光光解－荧光猝灭方法测定了ＣＨ３Ｃｌ对ＣＨ（Ａ，Ｂ和Ｃ）及ＣＨ２Ｃｌ２、ＣＨＣｌ３和ＣＣｌ４对ＣＨ（Ｃ）的猝灭速率常数。结果表明，氯代甲烷分子对ＣＨ（Ｃ）的猝灭速率常数近似于ＣＨ（Ｂ）的猝灭速率常数，而比ＣＨ（Ａ）的猝灭速率常数大，但都具有与气动速率相当的量线，表明化学反应在其中可能起着重要的作用，且ＣＨ（Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ）的猝灭速率常数都随氯代甲烷分子中的Ｃ－Ｃｌ键数的增加而增大。我们用碰撞络     

波长色散X射线荧光光谱法测定黄金饰品含金量

本文提出应用波长色散Ｘ射线荧光光谱仪测定黄金饰品含金量的方法，本法对原有样品盒进行了改造，增设特制窗口和采取样品固定等措施，以系列参考标样建立校准曲线，用经验系数法校正基体效应。比例模拟法校正含量。９个参考标样和１６个金标牌的测定结果表明，在含金量为３７．５０％－９９．９９％的范围内，方法的准确度好：含金量在９９．９９％－９８．９８％范围时，误差为０．０３％－０．１２％，在９８．９８％－３７．５０％范围时，误差为０．０１％－０．５２％，选用含金量不同的５个参考标样为代表，以０．７和１．４的模拟比例，经不同时间多次测定进行统计，相对标准偏差为０．０５％－０．５０％，说明方法的精密度好，本法操作方便，时样品无破坏     

乙醇荧光光纤传感器的研究

将甲基丙烯酸3－（4′－N,N－二甲氨基）黄酮酯和丙烯酰胺,N,N’－亚甲基双丙烯酰胺共聚并共价键合在硅烷化的含乙烯基团的石英玻片上,制成了可测定乙醇的传感器。乙醇浓度在0％－90％（V／V）范围内,呈良好的线性关系。传感器对乙醇响应迅速,对50％乙醇测定的相对标准偏差为0．98％（n＝10）,传感器用于酒样中乙醇含量的测定,结果令人满意。     

GaAs1—xPx：EL2（x=0—0／08）光猝灭截面谱的温度依赖性

对实测ＧａＡｓ１－ｘＰｘ合金（ｘ＝０，０．０４和０．０８）三个样品中ＥＬ２中心的光猝灭截面谱σ的温度依赖性进行了研究。     

端视ICP-AES法测定水中的有机碳

本文建立了利用端视ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ技术测定水中有机碳的方法。本法检出限为０．６ｍｇ／Ｌ,灵敏度比国外同类方法提高了大约八倍,方法精密度好,其相对标准偏差０．４％￣３．２％（ｎ＝６）,回收率在８３．６％￣１０９．０％之间,本法前处理简单,测定速度快,灵敏度高,适合天然水中有机碳的测定。     

取代苯胺基亚胺二茂铁类化合物莫斯鲍尔谱及分子光谱研究

本文报道了６种取代苯胺基亚胺二茂铁类化合物Ｒ－Ｎ＝ＣＨ－Ｆｅ（－Ｆｅ为二茂铁基，Ｒ为－Ｃ６Ｈ４Ｘ，（Ｘ＝Ｈ，４－Ｂｒ，４－ＯＨ，２－ＣＨ３，４－ＣＯＯＨ）及４－ＮＨＣ６Ｈ４ＮＯ２）的Ｍｏｓｓｂａｕｅｒ谱数据，其化学位移分别为（ｍｍ．ｓ＾－１）：０．３２３，０．３３２，０．３３８，０．３２４，０．３１５和０．３１０。其四极矩分裂值分别为（ｍｍ．ｓ＾－１）：２．２６３，２．２８５，２．２８７，２．２１     

Determination of low-level water content in ethanol by fiber-optic evanescent absorption sensor

Evanescent field absorption spectroscopy in the infrared range of coiled fiber-optic sensor has been applied to determine the low-level water content in ethanol. Principal component regression and classical least square models have been utilized to build the calibration model and predict the water concentrations. The standard errors of predictions of water concentrations in ethanol were 3.16% and 0.42% respectively. Some methods to improve the accuracy of predicted water concentration in ethanol were suggested. The predicted concentration of water is acceptably accurate and cost-effective. The study demonstrates that the coiled fiber-optic sensor based on evanescent absorption spectroscopy is a feasible technology for prediction of the low-level water content in bio-ethanol and other industries in both on-line and remote situation.     

蒙药匝迪-5和八味三香散总黄酮含量的测定

本文用70%乙醇分别提取了匝迪-5和八味三香散的类黄酮物质。分别用活性炭、活性白土等脱色、除杂,用硝酸铝-亚硝酸钠方法对黄酮的含量进行了测定,求得其校准曲线的回归方程为y=0.0094x-0.0023,r=0.9995,线性范围在3.08—21.56μg/mL。匝迪-5总黄酮含量为2.45%,平均回收率98.6%,相对标准偏差为0.65%(n=5);八味三香散总黄酮含量为4.5%,平均回收率为99.6%,RSD=0.87%(n=5)。     

Fiber-optic sensor based on evanescent wave absorbance around 2.7 μm for determining water content in polar organic solvents

The feasibility of sapphire fiber-optic sensors based on evanescent wave absorption spectroscopy in the infrared range for quantitative determination of water content in polar organic solvents has been investigated. Evanescent wave absorption spectra of sapphire fiber-optic sensors in glycerol, ethanol, and glycol with different water concentrations obtained and analyzed, respectively. Evanescent absorbance of the sensors in those organic solvents has been utilized to implement for in situ monitoring water concentration in organic solvents. The evanescent absorbance of sensors in glycerol and glycol has been found to vary linearly with water content in the range 0–30 % and in ethanol in the range 0–10 %, respectively. The fiber-optic sensors based on evanescent absorbance for monitoring water concentrations in those organic solvents are acceptably accurate, cost-effective, and reliable. Some methods to improve the accuracy of predicated water content in those organic solvents are also suggested. Overall, the results demonstrate that the sapphire fiber-optic sensor based on evanescent absorption spectroscopy is a promising candidate for prediction of water content in polar organic solvents in on-line and remote situation.     

Gas sensing property of lithium tetraborate clad modified fiber optic sensor

The micro structured plate-like lithium tetraborate, Li₂B₄O₇ (1 μm in diameter) has been prepared by sol–gel method and characterized structurally by X-ray diffraction and morphologically by scanning electron microscopy. UV–Vis spectrum shows about 60% transparency in the visible region and the optical energy band gap is found to be 3.5 eV which is also confirmed by strong near band edge emission from luminescence spectrum. The spectral characteristics of the cladding modified fiber optic sensor coated with microcrystalline Li₂B₄O₇ are studied for various concentrations of ethanol, methanol and ammonia (50–500 ppm). At 298 K, the sensitivity for ethanol is ?10 counts/ppm which is relatively higher than ammonia (?4 counts/ppm) and methanol (?3 counts/ppm). The time response of the sensor is presented for pure Li₂B₄O₇ with ethanol gas.     

荧光光谱法测定香椿叶总黄酮的含量

根据黄酮类化合物能与Al3+形成稳定的荧光络合物,建立一种测定香椿叶总黄酮的新方法。用50%乙醇溶液浸提,65℃超声提取香椿叶中有效成分,以芦丁为标样,在激发波长λex=437nm,发射波长λem=534nm下,测定香椿叶中总黄酮的含量,并进行加标回收实验,验证方法的准确性。方法的检出限为3.25×10-9mol.L-1,线性范围在1.23×10-9—2.62×10-6mol.L-1之间,线性回归方程y=1.862x+0.361,相关系数r=0.9983,平均回收率为100.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.99%。     

单根Sb掺杂ZnO微米线非平衡电桥式气敏传感器的制作与性能

通过使用化学气相沉积法,成功制备出超长、大尺寸的Sb掺杂ZnO微米线.基于非平衡电桥原理,利用单根Sb掺杂ZnO微米线作为非平衡电桥的一个桥臂,制作出了可以在室温环境下工作的气敏传感器原型器件.结果表明:室温下测得该传感器对20,50,100和200 ppm(1 ppm=10^-6)不同浓度的丙酮及乙醇气体的响应-恢复曲线均呈现为矩形形状,在空气及被测气体中均有稳定的电流值,并随着探测气体浓度的增大,器件的响应值也在逐渐增加.此外,还发现器件对丙酮气体具有更好的选择性,当丙酮气体浓度为200 ppm时,该传感器的响应时间为0.2 s,恢复时间为0.3 s,响应度高达243%.通过与普通电导式气敏传感器对比发现,采用这种非平衡电桥结构传感器可以明显地提高响应度,使响应和恢复时间更快.此外,还研究了器件的气体探测机理.     

Modelling of surface plasmon resonance sensor for detection of mass concentration of ethanol and methanol in a binary mixture

Modelling of a surface plasmon resonance sensor for detection of ethanol or methanol content in water is presented. The reflectivities of these sensors are derived using transfer matrix method and hence the corresponding sensitivity and detection accuracy are obtained in the presence of high index overlayer, like silicon and chalcogenide. It is observed that the resonant wavelength of surface plasmon resonance sensor is shifted toward higher wavelength with increase of refractive index and thickness of overlayer. Hence, by adjusting their values, the desired spectral operation range of this sensor is obtained. The sensitivity of this sensor with silicon overlayer is larger than the chalcogenide overlayer but at the same time detection accuracy is smaller. This sensor can be used to detect the mass concentration of ethanol, methanol and other similar materials. A method to obtain the percentage mass concentration of ethanol is discussed.     

Tunable diode laser absorption sensor for the simultaneous measurement of water film thickness,liquid- and vapor-phase temperature

A four-wavelength near-infrared (NIR) tunable diode laser sensor has been developed for the simultaneous measurement of liquid water film thickness, liquid-phase temperature and vapor-phase temperature above the film. This work is an important improvement of a three-wavelength concept previously introduced by Yang et al. (Appl. Phys. B 99:385, 2010), which measured the film thickness in environments with known temperature only. In the new sensor, an optimized combination of four wavelengths is chosen based on a sensitivity analysis with regard to the temperature dependence of the liquid water absorption cross section around 1.4 μm. The temperature of liquid water and the film thickness are calculated from absorbance ratios taken at three wavelength positions assessing the broad-band spectral signature of liquid water. The vapor-phase temperature is determined from the absorbance ratio of two lasers rapidly tuned across two narrow-band gas-phase water absorption transitions. The performance of the sensor was demonstrated in a calibration cell providing liquid layers of variable thickness and temperature with uncertainties smaller than 5% for thickness measurements and 1.5% for liquid-phase temperatures, respectively. Experiments are also presented for time-resolved thickness and temperature measurements of evaporating water films on a quartz plate.     

A rapid synthesis/growth process producing massive ZnO nanowires for humidity and gas sensing

We report a rapid and simple process to massively synthesize/grow ZnO nanowires capable of manufacturing massive humidity/gas sensors. The process utilizing a chemical solution deposition with an annealing process (heating in vacuum without gas) is capable of producing ZnO nanowires within an hour. Through depositing the ZnO nanowires on the top of a Pt-interdigitated-electrode/SiO₂/Si-Wafer, a humidity/gas-hybrid sensor is fabricated. The humidity sensitivity (i.e., ratio of the electrical resistance of the sensor at 11–95 % relative humidity level) is approximately 10⁴. The response and recovery time with the humidity changing from 11 to 95 % directly and reversely is 6 and 10 s, respectively. The gas sensitivity (i.e., ratio of electrical resistance of the sensor under the air to vaporized ethanol) is increased from 2 to 56 when the concentration of the ethanol is increased from 40 to 600 ppm. Both the response and recovery times are less than 15 s for the gas sensor. These results show the sensor utilizing the nanowires exhibits excellent humidity and gas sensing.