典型表面活性物质在汞、镉汞齐和铅汞齐电极上的吸附行为

本文采用DD-1型电镀参数测试仪,测定了汞、镉汞齐和铅汞齐电极在1MKCl的基底溶液中,四下基碘化铵等十二种典型有机表面活性物质在三种电极上的脱附电位。由于镉汞齐和铅汞齐电极的阳极溶解电位比较负,未观测到F^-、Cl^-、Br^-离子的吸附现象。I^-离子及同一有机表面活性物质在三种电极上的吸附活性顺序为:Hg>Pb(Hg)>Cd(Hg)。测试结果表明:同浓度的同一种表面活性物质,在三种电极上的脱附峰电位值之差小于10mV。反映了镉汞齐和铅汞齐电极在脱附峰电位时的表面性质接近于纯汞。     

Certification of reference materials for Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb in polypropylene

Two reference materials, at relatively low and high concentrations (GBW08404 and GBW08405), for analysis of the mass fractions of Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb in polypropylene were developed. The reference materials were prepared by doping blank polypropylene base material with Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb in the form of oxides, salts or pigments. Homogeneity and stability studies were performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The certification of the four analytes was carried out by isotope-dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) with microwave-assisted digestion. Combined uncertainties were calculated from the IDMS uncertainty evaluation budget and the uncertainty of the homogeneity. The mass fractions of Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb of the two certified reference materials (CRMs) were from 8 to 1,000 mg kg⁻¹. The two samples were also used in an interlaboratory comparison scheme in which National Institute of Metrology, China, National Metrological Institute of Japan and Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science participated. The agreement of the comparison results proved that the certification procedure of the CRMs is valid and that the certified values of Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb are accurate and reliable.     

ICP-MS法测定中成药中微量砷铅镉和汞

对药品中毒性较大的有害元素指标进行严格限量控制是国际通用法规的重要规定。目前,已报道的光学分析方法归纳起来有：原子吸收光谱法、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法、分光光度法、荧光分析法、化学发光法。在诸多方法中ICP-AES由于检出限低,精密度高、基体效应小、线性范围宽和多元素同时测定等优点,已在中草药微量元素分析中得到广泛应用。而ICP-MS比ICP-AES检出限改善了2-3个数量级,在中药微量分析中的应用开始受到人们的重视。本文利用微波消解ICP-MS法对几种中药及中成药中的As、Pb、Cd、Hg进行了测定,结果满意。     

金属化聚丙烯膜电容器中铅、镉及汞含量测定

探讨了用原子吸收光谱仪测定金属化聚丙烯膜电容器中铅、镉及汞含量的方法。结果表明,结合适宜的样品预处理,可用该法测定金属化聚丙烯膜电容器中铅、镉及汞含量,方法回收率为92.3%~106%,相对标准偏差小于2.5%。该法灵敏度高、干扰小。     

Selenate von Pb, Zn, Cd und Hg in Produkten der Bleigewinnung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

微波消解ICP-AES法测定ABS中Pb、Cd、Hg

以ABS塑料为研究对象,采用微波消解法进行样品的前处理,使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定ABS塑料中Pb、Cd、Hg,结果表明,Pb、Cd、Hg加标回收率均在95~105%之间,测试精密度均小于3%,该方法在缩短样品前处理时间的同时得到较高的元素消解回收率和较为理想的精确度,适用于ABS塑料中重金属含量的快速测定。     

Silica gel ethyleneimine and its adsorption capacity for divalent Pb, Cd, and Hg

Activated silica gel was directly modified with a cyclic molecule, ethyleneimine, yielding a surface with various nitrogen basic centers, ≡Sil–O(CH₂CH₂NH)_nCH₂CH₂NH₂. Infrared spectroscopy, ¹³C NMR, thermal, and elemental analyses confirmed the covalent attachment of the organic species onto the silica matrix. The purpose of this paper is to describe the interaction involving the grafted species on silica surface with the divalent heavy cations, Pb(II), Cd(II), and Hg(II), from aqueous solutions at room temperature. The process of metal extraction was followed by the batch method and the order of the maximum extraction capacities found was: 1.27 ± 0.04, 1.02 ± 0.02, and 0.98 ± 0.01 mmol g⁻¹ for Pb(II), Cd(II), and Hg(II) chlorides, respectively. These interactions were followed by calorimetric titration. The enthalpies of these processes are: −3.05 ± 0.02, −1.09 ± 0.01, and −9.88 ± 0.03 kJ mol⁻¹ for Pb(II), Cd(II), and Hg(II), respectively. The standard molar Gibbs free energies are in agreement with the spontaneity of the proposed reactions between cation and basic center.     

Homoleptic group 12 metal bis(mercaptoimidazolyl)borate complexes M(Bm(R))2 (M = Zn,Cd, Hg)

The sodium salt of the bis(2-mercapto-1-methylimidazolyl)borate anion [Bm(Me)](-) and those of the new bis(2-mercapto-1-alkylimidazolyl)borates [Bm(R)](-) (R = Bz, Bu(t), p-Tol) have been readily obtained from NaBH(4) and the appropriate 2-mercapto-1-alkylimidazoles. To contrast the binding preferences of the group 12 metals in a sulfur-rich environment, the four complete series of homoleptic complexes M[Bm(R)](2) (M = Zn, Cd, Hg), including the first bis(mercaptoimidazolyl)borate derivatives of cadmium and mercury, have been prepared. X-ray diffraction studies of Cd[Bm(Me)](2) and M[Bm(tBu)](2) (M = Zn, Cd, Hg) show the presence of distorted tetrahedral [MS(4)] central cores supplemented by two weak vicinal M.H-B bonds, interactions which appear to be a common feature in the coordination chemistry of Bm(R) ligands. In the case of zinc, it has been found that only in the presence of bulky ligands, as in Zn[Bm(tBu)](2), may an unexpected expansion in the coordination number from four to six be induced. This observation suggests the viability of octahedral intermediates in the processes whereby certain zinc enzymes transfer or exchange metal ions.     

原子吸收光谱法测定大承气颗粒剂中砷铅镉铬汞的含量

采用原子吸收光谱法测定了大承气颗粒剂及其原料药材中砷、铅、镉、铬和汞的含量，并参照食品中重金属的限量规定进行了比较。结果表明，大承气颗粒剂及其原料药材中的砷、铅、镉、铬和汞均低于限量标准，成品中重金属的含量均低于原料药材中的平均含量，这为大承气颗粒剂生产中的质量控制提供了依据。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定ABS塑料中Pb、Cd、Hg

以ABS塑料为研究对象,采用微波消解法进行样品的前处理,使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定ABS塑料中Pb、Cd、Hg,结果表明,Pb、Cd、Hg加标回收率均在95.0%～105%,测定相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于3%,方法在缩短样品前处理时间的同时得到较高的元素消解回收率和较为理想的精密度,适用于ABS塑料中重金属含量的快速测定。     

Trennung von Tl von Cd, Zn, Pb, Sb und Hg durch Anionenaustausch

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

藏药材麻花秦艽中砷汞铅镉含量分析

对青海省内采集的麻花秦艽中的元素砷、汞、铅、镉的含量进行了分析测定。结果表明,麻花秦艽中四种元素含量较低,并且各部位含量差异较大,其中基部茎叶含量较高,入药部位根部最少,为以后的开发利用提供了基础数据。     

原子吸收光谱法测定益寿回春口服液中砷铅镉铬汞的含量

采用原子吸收光谱法测定了益寿回春口服液中砷、铅、镉、铬和汞的含量，并参照食品中重金属的限量规定进行了比较。结果表明，益寿回春口服液中的砷、铅、镉、铬和汞均低于限量标准，为该产品的质量控制提供了依据。     

用反相高效液相色谱法分析测定Cd,Hg,Pb和Cu

用直接进样（Ｃ１８柱）反相高效液相色谱法研究了Ｍｅｎ＋－Ｄｚ（二硫腙）体系的色谱行为,建立了同时测定Ｃｄ,Ｈｇ,Ｐｂ和Ｃｕ的分析方法。方法的线性范围为０．０１～２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ,最低检出质量浓度为２．４～５．０μｇ／Ｌ,相对标准偏差为１．８％～９．７％,回收率为９４％～１０３％（Ｈｇ除外）。直接进样反相高效液相色谱法比萃取进样正相液相色谱法更快速,更简便,更容易操作,已用于人发测定。     

介孔分子筛表面功能膜的制备及对水体中铅汞镉的去除作用

表面改性;功能膜材料;重金属;吸附;介孔分子筛表面功能膜的制备及对水体中铅汞镉的去除作用     

ICP—OES测定饰品中砷、镉、汞、铅总量的不确定度评定

在用ICP-OES检测重金属含量过程中,含量在仪器检出限以上的得出正值结果,在仪器检出限以下的往往会产生一些负值观测结果,对饰品中铅、镉、汞、砷总量测定过程产生的正值、负值观测结果（As：-9mg／kg;Cd：46mg／kg;Hg：-4mg／kg;Pb：81mg／kg）进行了不确定度评定,最后结合样品检出限给出报告为As：小于37mg／kg;Hg：小于48mg／kg;Cd：（46±4）mg／kg（k=2）;Pb：（81±8）mg／kg（k=2）。     

Exploding wire excitation for trace analysis of Hg, Cd, Pb and Ni using electrodeposition for preconcentration

The use of exploding silver wires for spectrochemical excitation is described. The apparatus used in these studies is discussed along with the electrical and radiative properties of exploding silver wires. The use of controlled-potential electrodeposition onto silver wires for sample introduction is considered. Experimental parameters for electrodeposition and exploding-wire excitation are presented. Cd, Ni, Hg and Pb are considered for analysis and show absolute detection limits of 10 ng, 10 ng, 30 ng and 15 ng, respectively. These amounts of material on the wire represent relative detection limits of 0.001 ppm, 0.002 ppm, 0.003 ppm and 0.001 ppm respectively in the analytical solutions. The exploding wire excitation method exhibits minimal matrix dependency and good reproducibility. Percent relative standard deviations for Cd, Ni, Hg and Pb are ±17.3%, ±16.6%, ±26.5% and ±12.4%, respectively. Sample introduction by controlled-potential electrodeposition offers not only a convenient means of preconcentrating trace metals from solution but also the possibility of selectively plating one element in the presence of a large excess of other elements in solution.     

铅、汞、镉离子的荧光传感器研究进展

化学传感器提供了方便、快捷、廉价的分析检测有毒重金属离子的方法,并具有很高的灵敏度和选择性.它在环境科学、分析化学以及生命科学等领域有广泛的应用前景.本文分别综述了pb²⁺、Hg²⁺、Cd²⁺几种有毒重离子化学传感器的最新研究进展,并展望了该领域的发展趋势.     

中药中砷镉汞铅ICP-MS测定值的聚类分析

聚类分析又称集群分析,它是研究“物与类聚”的一种数理统计方法,聚类分析可将一些观察对象依据某些特征加以归类。已经在生物学和医学分类问题[1]以及中药的鉴别与质量评价[2]中获得广泛应用。祁俊生等[3]利用因子分析和聚类分析探讨了微量元素含量与中药药性的相关性。梁逸曾