Fe—AI—Mg—MMH／钠质蒙脱土分散体系触变性研究

研究了Fe-AI-Mg型混合金属氢氧化物（简称MMH）／钠质蒙脱土（简称MT）分散体系的触变性,发现在不同MMH／MT质量比（R）条件下,分散体系可呈现正触变性和负触变性。在所研究的R范围（0－0．91）内, 随R增大,体系的触变性发生正触变性－复合触变性－负触变性的转化。考察了高速剪切分散后,测定粘度变化前的列置时间（ts)和测定粘度时的剪切速率（DL)对触变性的影响。探讨了各种触变性产生的原因,提出了“分散粒子－空间连续网络结构－密实聚集体”和“分散粒子－密实聚集体－密产聚集体簇”机理,较合理地解释了观察到的复合触变现象。     

Mg-Fe-MMH-钠质蒙脱土分散体系的触变性研究

触变性是分散体系一种复杂的流变学性质,指流变性质随剪切时间而发生变化的现象。以往研究过程中,先后发现了切稀现象和切稠现象,即正触变性和负触变性。最近,我们又发现了复合触变性,即一个体系可先后呈现正触变性和负触变性特征。研究了Mg-Fe型混合金属氢氧化物(简称MMH)-钠质蒙脱土(简称MT)分散体系的触变性,发现在不同MMH/MT质量比条件下,可分别呈现正触变性、负触变性,另外双观察到了复合触变性。在所研究的MMH/MT质量比范围(0～0.5)内,随MMH/MT质量比增大,体系的触变性发生负触变性-正触变性-复合触变性-负触变性的转化。考察了电解质NaCl对触变性的影响,发现不改变触变性的类型。探讨了各种触变性产生的原因,提出了“分散粒子-空间连续网络结构-密实聚集体”机理,较合理地解释了观察到的复合触变现象。     

剪切速率对Fe-Al-Mg-MMH/钠质蒙脱土悬浮体触变性的影响

研究了测定条件对Fe-Al-Mg型混合金属氢氧化物（简称MMH）/钠质蒙脱土（简 称MT）混合悬浮体及纯MT体系触变性的影响，主要考察了高速剪切分散后，剪切速 率（D_L）对粘度（η）～时间（t）变化趋势的影响。发现纯的MT体系和MMH/MT质 量比（R）为0.013的Fe-Al-Mg-MMH/MT体系在所研究的D_L下（10，170，511和1 022 s~(-1)）都呈现为正触变性，D_L不影响触变性类型。R = 0.051的体系，低 D_L时（10和170 s~(-1)）呈现复合触变性，高D_L时（511和1 022 s~(-1)）呈现 正触变性；R = 0.091的体系在低D_L时（10和170 s~(-1)）呈现负触变性，在高 D_L时（511和1 022 s~(-1)）呈现复合触变性。D_L增加，各体系η逐渐降低。对 D_L影响触变性的机理进行了深入探讨。     

剪切速率对Fe-Al-Mg-MMH/钠质蒙脱土悬浮体触变性的影响

研究了测定条件对Fe-Al-Mg型混合金属氢氧化物（简称MMH）/钠质蒙脱土（简 称MT）混合悬浮体及纯MT体系触变性的影响，主要考察了高速剪切分散后，剪切速 率（D_L）对粘度（η）～时间（t）变化趋势的影响。发现纯的MT体系和MMH/MT质 量比（R）为0.013的Fe-Al-Mg-MMH/MT体系在所研究的D_L下（10，170，511和1 022 s~(-1)）都呈现为正触变性，D_L不影响触变性类型。R = 0.051的体系，低 D_L时（10和170 s~(-1)）呈现复合触变性，高D_L时（511和1 022 s~(-1)）呈现 正触变性；R = 0.091的体系在低D_L时（10和170 s~(-1)）呈现负触变性，在高 D_L时（511和1 022 s~(-1)）呈现复合触变性。D_L增加，各体系η逐渐降低。对 D_L影响触变性的机理进行了深入探讨。     

pH值对Fe-Al-Mg-MMH/钠质蒙脱土悬浮体触变性的影响

研究了pH值对Fe-Al-Mg型混合金属氢氧化物／钠质蒙脱土（简称MMH／MT）悬浮体触变性的影响。发现pH值能影响其触变性类型：m(MMH)/m(MT)(下文中以R表示）较低时（0，0．013和0．051），随着pH增高，体系有由负触变性－复合触变性－正触谱性转变的趋势；而R较高的体系（R＝0．091），随pH的增高，体系由复合触变性向负触变性转化。探讨了各种触变性产生的原因和pH的影响机理。     

Mg-Al MMH对除虫脲水悬浮剂流变性的影响

研究了Mg-Al型混合金属氢氧化物(MMH)质量分数(w)、温度和无机电解质对除虫脲水悬浮剂流变性的影响, 并采用Herschel-Buckley模型对流变曲线进行拟合. 实验结果表明, 稠度指数(KH)及屈服值(τH)均随w的增大而增大, w越大, 体系假塑性越明显, 且当w达到一定值后体系产生正触变性; 温度升高, KH和τH增大, 但不影响体系“剪切变稀”的假塑性特征和正触变性; 不同浓度的电解质对体系KH和τH的影响程度不同, 对于相同浓度的NaCl 和CaCl2, CaCl2对体系的影响更为显著, 但电解质的加入不改变体系“剪切变稀”的假塑性特征及正触变性.     

pH值对Mg-Al-MMH-高岭土分散体系触变性的影响

研究了pH值对纯高岭土和Mg-Al-混合金属氢氧化物(简称MMH)-高岭土分散体系触变性的影响. 实验证明, pH在3.60~12.00范围内, 纯高岭土分散体系的触变性类型不受pH值的影响,均表现为正触变性. Mg-Al-MMH/高岭土质量比(R) = 0.029的Mg-Al-MMH-高岭土分散体系, 在所研究的pH值范围内(3.83~12.00), 随pH的增加由复合触变性转变为正触变性. R = 0.129的Mg-Al-MMH-高岭土分散体系, 在所研究的pH范围内(3.70~11.96), 随pH的增加由正触变性转变为复合触变性.     

Mg-Fe-HTIc／高岭土悬浮体流变性研究

研究了Mg—Fe类水滑石(HTIc)／高岭土(kaolinite)悬浮体的质量比（R)对其流变性和触变性的影响，发现控制剪切速率(D)得到的屈服应力(τy)和控制剪切应力(τ)得到的临界剪切应力(τc)皆随R拘增大先降低后升高．小幅振荡剪切实验发现随R的增大，体系由正触变性转化为复合触变性，其中用小幅振荡剪切法在线性粘弹区发现复合触变性体系还是首次．恒剪切速率(DL)实验发现了震荡现象，即粘度随时间发生周期性升高和降低的变化．震荡现象与DL和R有关，较高的DL和尺可使震荡现象消失．测定粘度随时间变化时采用的低剪切速率(DL)影响体系的触变性类型．根据HTIc和kaolinite粒子间的相互作用对实验结果的机理进行了探讨．     

盐酸胍/Ⅰ型胶原分散体系的流变性

采用胃蛋白酶降解法从猪皮中提取了胶原蛋白, 用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)确定为Ⅰ型胶原; 红外及紫外光谱表明胶原分子中存在三螺旋结构. 分别采用小幅振荡剪切法、 恒定剪切速率法及滞后环法研究了盐酸胍浓度及作用时间对Ⅰ型胶原蛋白体系流变性的影响. 研究表明, 随盐酸胍浓度的增大及作用时间的延长, 盐酸胍/胶原分散体系由假塑性流体逐渐接近于牛顿流体. 在所研究的盐酸胍浓度范围(0~6.0 mol/L)内, 盐酸胍/胶原分散体系的触变性类型随盐酸胍浓度的增大发生正触变性-复合触变性-负触变性的转变; 随盐酸胍作用时间的延长(6~48 h), 盐酸胍浓度为1.0 mol/L的胶原分散体系的触变性类型发生复合触变性-负触变性的转变. 本文的研究结果有助于加深对触变性产生机理的认识.     

盐酸胍/Ⅰ型胶原分散体系的流变性

采用胃蛋白酶降解法从猪皮中提取了胶原蛋白,用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDSPAGE)确定为Ⅰ型胶原;红外及紫外光谱表明胶原分子中存在三螺旋结构.分别采用小幅振荡剪切法、恒定剪切速率法及滞后环法研究了盐酸胍浓度及作用时间对Ⅰ型胶原蛋白体系流变性的影响.研究表明,随盐酸胍浓度的增大及作用时间的延长,盐酸胍/胶原分散体系由假塑性流体逐渐接近于牛顿流体.在所研究的盐酸胍浓度范围(0~6.0 mol/L)内,盐酸胍/胶原分散体系的触变性类型随盐酸胍浓度的增大发生正触变性-复合触变性-负触变性的转变;随盐酸胍作用时间的延长(6~48 h),盐酸胍浓度为1.0 mol/L的胶原分散体系的触变性类型发生复合触变性-负触变性的转变.本文的研究结果有助于加深对触变性产生机理的认识.     

Mg-Al-MMH-高岭土分散体系触变性研究

触变性是分散体系流变学研究的重要内容之一,在外切力作用下,若体系的粘度随时间下降,静止后又恢复,即具有时间因素的切稀现象,称为正触变性（positive thixotropy);反之,若体系的粘度或切力上升,静止后又恢复,即具有时间因素的切稠现象,称之为负触变性（Negative thixotropy)^[1],若在外切力作用下,某个特定体系的粘度或切力随时间先后呈现出正触变性和负触变性特征,则称之为复合触变性（Complex thixotropy)^[2,3],目前,对各种触变性机理的认识尚不统一。     

无机电解质及聚合物对Mg-Al混合金属氢氧化物—高岭土分散体系触变性的影响

类水滑石;流变学;无机电解质及聚合物对Mg-Al混合金属氢氧化物—高岭土分散体系触变性的影响     

Influence of Electrolytes on the Thixotropy of Ferric Aluminum Magnesium Hydroxide‐Montmorillonite Suspensions

Abstract

The thixotropy of suspensions consisting of ferric aluminum magnesium hydroxide (Fe‐Al‐Mg‐MMH) and Na‐montmorillonite (MT) is examined with special emphasis on the influence of electrolytes. When NaCl or MgCl₂ is added into the Fe‐Al‐Mg‐MMH/MT suspension, the thixotropy of the suspension may change (if positive) from positive and complex into negative, but NaCl or MgCl₂ can't alter the thixotropic type of a negatively thixotropic suspension. When AlCl₃ was added to positive thixotropic system can be transformed to a complex one, whereas a complex and negative thixotropic suspension remains unchanged, for additions less than 0.01 mol/L; when the addition level of AlCl₃ increases, all types of thixotropic systems are changed to non‐thixotropic. In addition, NaCl and MgCl₂ make the initial viscosity measured after cessation of intensive shearing increase, but the value of the viscosity decreased rapidly with time. The equilibrium viscosity of the suspension decreased gradually with increasing concentrations of NaCl and MgCl₂ in the suspension. With increasing concentration of AlCl₃, the equilibrium viscosities of the positive thixotropic suspension and the complex thixotropic suspension increase at first, but decrease later, and the equilibrium viscosity of negative thixotropic suspensions decrease gradually.     

Study on the thixotropy of aluminum magnesium hydroxide– Na-montmorillonite suspension

 In this paper, the thixotropy of the aqueous suspension consisting of aluminum magnesium hydroxide (AMH) possessing permanent positive charges and Na-montmorillonite possessing permanent negative charges was studied. Besides positive thixotropy and negative thixotropy, a novel thixotropic phenomenon was found, i.e., a given system studied may display, early and late, positive M28.8nthixotropic character and negative thixotropic character, we describe it as “complex thixotropy”. The content of the suspension and electrolyte may influence the forms of thixotropy of the suspension studied. Received: 4 February 1997 Accepted: 15 October 1997     

Influence of pH on the thixotropy of magnesium aluminum hydroxide-kaolinite suspension

The influence of pH on the thixotropy of pure kaolinite suspension and magnesium aluminum hydroxide (Mg-AI-MMH)-kaolinite suspension was studied. The results show that the thixotropic type of pure kaolinite suspension was not affected by pH studied in the range of 3.60-12.00. The thixotropic type of Mg-AI-MMH-kaolinite suspension with mass ratio (R) value of MMH to kaolinite 0.029 transformed from complex thixotropy into positive thixotropy with increasing of pH in the range of pH 3.83-12.00, and the type of thixotropy of Mg-AI-MMH-kaolinite suspension with R = 0.129 transformed from positive thixotropy into complex thixotropy with increasing of pH in the range of pH 3.70-11.96.     

Thixotropic properties of aqueous suspensions containing cationic starch and aluminum magnesium hydrotalcite-like compound

The rheological properties of aqueous suspensions consisting of cationic starch (CS) and positively charged aluminum magnesium hydrotalcite-like compound (HTlc) were investigated. Special emphasis was placed on the thixotropic phenomena. With the increase of mass ratio (R) of HTlc to CS, the equilibrium viscosity (eta(eq)) and the consistency coefficient (m) values of the suspensions increase in the range of neutral and alkaline pH (higher than 6.5) while decrease in the range of acid pH (lower than 6.5). With the increase of pH value, the eta(eq) and m values of the suspensions in the R range of 0-0.08 studied increase initially and then decrease, appearing a maximum value at about pH 7.41+/-0.25. The CS/HTlc suspensions display viscid character and the yield point of the suspensions was not observed except the suspension with R=0.08 in the pH range of 7.66-9.70, which showed a yield point and viscoelasticity. The CS/HTlc suspensions may display different thixotropic types: negative, complex or positive thixotropy, depending on pH and R value. The thixotropic type of the CS/HTlc suspension may be transformed from negative (pure CS solution), through complex (R=0.02), into positive thixotropy (R=0.05 and 0.08) with the increase of R in the studied R range of 0-0.08, and the thixotropic strength of the suspensions increases initially and then decreases with pH value in the pH range studied. The mechanism of the thixotropic phenomenon is discussed.     

羧甲基纤维素钠/蒙脱土悬浮体系的流变性能及其影响因素

考察了蒙脱土(MT)质量分数(w)、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)/MT质量比(R)、电解质(NaCl、MgCl2和AlCl3)、pH值和温度对MT或CMC/MT悬浮体系流变性能和触变性的影响。 结果表明,随w增加,纯MT悬浮体系的流体类型由近牛顿流体向塑型流体变化,触变类型则由无触变、正触变向复合触变性转变;而CMC/MT悬浮体系仍保持MT体系的正触变塑型流体特征,但屈服值τ0和稠度指数K增加,滞后环面积S和电动电势|ζ|先增加后减小,表现出同步变化。 电解质和实验温度均不改变CMC/MT悬浮体系的正触变性塑型流体特征,但电解质使τ0和K增加,而温度增加使τ0和K减小。 随介质pH值的增加,CMC/MT体系由负触变性变为正触变性,|ζ|增大,S先增加后减小,且在pH=8.46时达到最大。