Applications of geometric means on symmetric cones

Let V be a Euclidean Jordan algebra, and let be the corresponding symmetric cone. The geometric mean of two elements a and b in is defined as a unique solution, which belongs to of the quadratic equation where P is the quadratic representation of V. In this paper, we show that for any a in the sequence of iterate of the function defined by converges to a. As applications, we obtain that the geometric mean of can be represented as a limit of successive iteration of arithmetic means and harmonic means, and we derive the L?wner-Heinz inequality on the symmetric cone Furthermore, we obtain a formula which leads a Golden-Thompson type inequality for the spectral norm on V. Received October 5, 1999 / Revised March 6, 2000 / Published online October 30, 2000     

An interior second derivative bound for solutions of Hessian equations

In previous work we showed that weak solutions in of the k-Hessian equation have locally bounded second derivatives if g is positive and sufficiently smooth and p > kn/2. Here we improve this result to p > k(n-1)/2, which is known to be sharp in the Monge-Ampère case k=n > 2. Received June 21, 1999 / Accepted June 12, 2000 / Published online November 9, 2000     

The effect of concentrating potentials in some singularly perturbed problems

The equation with boundary Dirichlet zero data is considered in a bounded domain . Under the assumption that concentrates, as , round a manifold and that f is a superlinear function, satisfying suitable growth assumptions, the existence of multiple distinct positive solutions is proved. Received: 19 December 2000 / Accepted: 8 May 2001 / Published online: 5 September 2002     

New bounds on the Lieb-Thirring constants

Improved estimates on the constants L _γ,d , for 1/2<γ<3/2, d∈N, in the inequalities for the eigenvalue moments of Schr?dinger operators are established. Oblatum 18-VI-1999 & 13-I-2000?Published online: 29 March 2000     

Comparing two methods of resolving homogeneous differential inclusions

Given a compact set we consider the differential inclusion We show how to use the main idea of the method of convex integration [ N], [G], [K] (to control convergence of the gradients of a sequence of approximate solutions by appropriate selection of the sequence) to obtain an optimal existence result. We compare this result with the ones available by the Baire category approach applied to the set of admissible functions with topology. A byproduct of our result is attainment in the minimization problems with integrands L having quasiaffine quasiconvexification that was, in fact, the reason of our interest to differential inclusions. This result can be considered as a first step towards characterization of those minimization problems which are solvable for all boundary data. This problem was solved in [S1] in the scalar case m=1. Received November 5, 1998 / Accepted July 17, 2000 / Published online December 8, 2000     

Asymmetric positive solutions for a symmetric nonlinear problem in {\mathbb R}^N

We study a symmetric semilinear elliptic problem in all and we prove existence of an asymmetric positive solution by using variational arguments. The corresponding problem in dimension N=2, which provides the motivation of this work, arises in Nonlinear Optics from the study of the behaviour of optical cylindrical waveguides. Received September 28, 1999/ Accepted January 14, 2000 / Published online June 28, 2000     

A symmetry problem in the calculus of variations

Let be a ball in ^N, centered at zero, and letu be a minimizer of the nonconvex functional over one of the classesC _M := {w W _loc ^1, () 0 w(x) M in,w concave} orE _M := {w W _loc ^1,2 () 0 w(x) M in,w 0 inL()}of admissible functions. Thenu is not radial and not unique. Therefore one can further reduce the resistance of Newton's rotational body of minimal resistance through symmetry breaking.     

Approximate radial symmetry for solutions of a class of boundary value problems in ring-shaped domains

This paper deals with some classical boundary value problems defined in the ring-shaped region $\Omega \backslash\overline{B(R_0)} \subset \Bbb{R}^N$, where B(R ₀) is the N-ball of radius R ₀ centered at the origin and contained in . The authors investigate how the geometry of is affected by some overdertermined data. In particular they show that must be nearly spherical if the overdetermined data are nearly constants.     

Explicit exact solutions for a new generalized Hamiltonian amplitude equation with nonlinear terms of any order

Making use of a proper transformation and a generalized ansatz, we consider a new generalized Hamiltonian amplitude equation with nonlinear terms of any order, iu_x + u_tt + (|u|^p + |u|^2p)u + u_xt = 0. As a result, many explicit exact solutions, which include kink-shaped soliton solutions, bell-shaped soliton solutions, periodic wave solutions, the combined formal solitary wave solutions and rational solutions, are obtained.Received: April 4, 2002     

A free boundary problem for $\infty$–Laplace equation

We consider a free boundary problem for the p-Laplacian describing nonlinear potential flow past a convex profile K with prescribed pressure on the free stream line. The main purpose of this paper is to study the limit as of the classical solutions of the problem above, existing under certain convexity assumptions on a(x). We show, as one can expect, that the limit solves the corresponding potential flow problem for the -Laplacian in a certain weak sense, strong enough however, to guarantee uniqueness. We show also that in the special case the limit is given by the distance function. Received: 10 October 2000 / Accepted: 23 February 2001 / Published online: 19 October 2001     

On the number of nodal solutions to a singularly perturbed Neumann problem

We show that for ε small, there are arbitrarily many nodal solutions for the following nonlinear elliptic Neumann problem where Ω is a bounded and smooth domain in ℝ² and f grows superlinearly. (A typical f(u) is f(u)= a₁ u₊^p – a₁ u_-^p, a₁, a₂ >0, p, q>1.) More precisely, for any positive integer K, there exists ε_K>0 such that for 0<ε<ε_K, the above problem has a nodal solution with K positive local maximum points and K negative local minimum points. This solution has at least K+1 nodal domains. The locations of the maximum and minimum points are related to the mean curvature on ∂Ω. The solutions are constructed as critical points of some finite dimensional reduced energy functional. No assumption on the symmetry, nor the geometry, nor the topology of the domain is needed.     

A Banach–Stone Theorem for Uniformly Continuous Functions

 In this note we prove that the uniformity of a complete metric space X is characterized by the vector lattice structure of the set U(X) of all uniformly continuous real functions on X. (Received 3 March 2000; in revised form 29 June 2000)     

Some interior regularity results for solutions of Hessian equations

We prove monotonicity formulae related to degenerate k-Hessian equations which yield Morrey type estimates for certain integrands involving the second derivatives of the solution. In the special case k=2 we deduce that weak solutions in , , have locally H?lder continuous gradients. In the nondegenerate case we also show that weak solutions in , , have locally bounded second derivatives. Received February 25, 1999 / Accepted June 11, 1999 / Published online April 6, 2000     

Large deviations for the Ginzburg–Landau ∇φ interface model

Hydrodynamic large scale limit for the Ginzburg-Landau ∇φ interface model was established in [6]. As its next stage this paper studies the corresponding large deviation problem. The dynamic rate functional is given by

Bipartite subgraphs

It is shown that there exists a positivec so that for any large integerm, any graph with 2m ²edges contains a bipartite subgraph with at least edges. This is tight up to the constantc and settles a problem of Erdös. It is also proved that any triangle-free graph withe>1 edges contains a bipartite subgraph with at least e/2+c e ^4/5 edges for some absolute positive constantc. This is tight up to the constantc.Research supported in part by a USA Israeli BSF grant and by the Fund for Basic Research administered by the Israel Academy of Sciences.     

Spaces betweenX and its Freudenthal compactification

Let X indicate the Freudenthal compactification of a rimcompact, completely regular Hausdorff spaceX. In this paper the spacesY which satisfyXYX are characterized. From this a characterization of whenX lies between its locally compact partL(X) and (L(X)) follows. Such spaces necessarily possess a compactification X for whichCl _X (X–X) is 0-dimensional. Conditions, including those internal toX, are provided which are necessary and sufficient for this property to hold.This research was partially supported by a grant from Moorhead State University.     

Dynamics near extinction time of a singular diffusion equation

We will show that if u is the solution of the equation , in is an even function on and is monotone decreasing in on , , where is a monotone increasing function satisfying with being given by and , then the rescaled function , will converge uniformly on every compact subset of to as where . Received: 25 May 2000 / Revised version: 26 October 2001 / Published online: 28 February 2002     

The Jacobian and the Ginzburg-Landau energy

We study the Ginzburg-Landau functional for , where U is a bounded, open subset of . We show that if a sequence of functions satisfies , then their Jacobians are precompact in the dual of for every . Moreover, any limiting measure is a sum of point masses. We also characterize the -limit of the functionals , in terms of the function space B2V introduced by the authors in [16,17]: we show that I(u) is finite if and only if , and for is equal to the total variation of the Jacobian measure Ju. When the domain U has dimension greater than two, we prove if then the Jacobians are again precompact in for all , and moreover we show that any limiting measure must be integer multiplicity rectifiable. We also show that the total variation of the Jacobian measure is a lower bound for the limit of the Ginzburg-Landau functional. Received: 15 December 2000 / Accepted: 23 January 2001 / Published online: 25 June 2001     

Existence of bounded solutions for nonlinear elliptic equations in unbounded domains

In this paper we study the existence of bounded weak solutions for some nonlinear Dirichlet problems in unbounded domains. The principal part of the operator behaves like the p-laplacian operator, and the lower order terms, which depend on the solution u and its gradient u, have a power growth of order p–1 with respect to these variables, while they are bounded in the x variable. The source term belongs to a Lebesgue space with a prescribed asymptotic behaviour at infinity.     

Elliptic Systems with Nonlinearities of Arbitrary Growth

In this paper we study the existence of nontrivial solutions for the following system of coupled semilinear Poisson equations: where is a bounded domain in We assume that and the function f is superlinear and with no growth restriction (for example f(s) = s e^s); then the system has a nontrivial (strong) solution.