美雄酮甲醇溶液标准物质的定值及不确定度评定

针对目前食品中兴奋剂类药物检测的需求,研制了美雄酮甲醇溶液国家级标准物质.通过对经筛选的市售原料纯品进行液相色谱-质谱和红外光谱定性分析后,研究利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)对美雄酮蛋白同化类固醇类兴奋剂原料进行纯度定值.利用HPLC在245nm监测,以水(含0.1%HAc)+乙腈=50+50...     

睾酮甲醇溶液标准物质的定值及不确定度评定

针对目前食品中兴奋剂类药物检测的需求,研制了睾酮甲醇溶液国家级标准物质。通过对经筛选的市售原料纯品进行液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)和红外光谱(IR)定性分析后,利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对睾酮蛋白同化类固醇类兴奋剂原料进行纯度定值。利用HPLC在244nm监测,0.1%HAc-乙腈(50∶50,体积比)作为流动相进行等度洗脱,以Inertsil ODS-SP(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)进行分离,测得液相条件下睾酮固体的纯度为99.89%。为保证纯度测量的准确性,采用多家联合定值对睾酮的纯度进行检验。睾酮溶液标准物质经重量-重量法配制后,进行均匀性和稳定性实验,浓度赋值后进行不确定度评定。研制的睾酮溶液标准物质目前已被批准为国家二级标准物质并应用于实际检测。     

黄芩素纯度标准物质的定值及其不确定度评定

为了满足食品及医药等领域的检测需求,研制了黄芩素纯度标准物质。采用液相色谱–质谱法和红外光谱法对黄芩素纯度标准物质原料定性后,利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和定量核磁技术(Quantitative Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy,QNMR)对黄芩素的纯度进行了定值,并用HPLC法对黄芩素纯度标准物质进行了均匀性检验和稳定性考察。对定值结果的不确定度进行了评价,研制的黄芩素纯度标准物质的定值结果和扩展不确定度分别为98.8%,0.8%(k=2)。     

诱惑红溶液标准物质的研制及不确定度评定

建立了食用合成色素诱惑红溶液标准物质的制备和定值方法,研制了100 mg/L的诱惑红溶液标准物质。采用制备液相色谱对筛选的市售原料纯化,得到纯度大于99%的诱惑红纯品;通过核磁共振(1H NMR谱)和液相色谱-质谱(HPLC-LTQ/MS)准确定性分析后,利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对诱惑红纯物质进行纯度定值。以0.1 mol/L乙酸铵和甲醇为流动相进行等度洗脱,采用Intersil ODS-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)进行分离,检测波长240 nm。为保证纯度测量的准确性,采用多家联合定值对诱惑红的纯度进行定值,诱惑红纯物质的定值纯度为99.61%(λ=240 nm)。诱惑红溶液标准物质经重量-容量法配制后,进行均匀性和稳定性实验,浓度赋值后进行不确定度评定,诱惑红溶液的量值为100 mg/L,扩展相对不确定度为1.0%(k=2)。该溶液标准物质已批准为国家级标准物质,可为相关部门提供检测标准。     

毫米波反射率标准物质定值的不确定度评定

对毫米波反射率标准物质定值的不确定度进行了评定,分析了各不确定度分量的来源并进行了量化.毫米波反射率标准物质的扩展不确定度U≤1dB(k=2),满足技术指标要求.结果表明,影响不确定度的主要因素为标准物质的稳定性.     

差示扫描量热法对芝麻酚纯度标准物质的定值

建立了采用差示扫描量热法对芝麻酚纯度标准物质的定值及不确定度评价的数学模型、有效检测技术和分析方法.采用差示扫描量热法测量芝麻酚样品纯度的实验条件为升温速率3.0 K/min,称样量3.4～4.7 mg,炉内气体为静态空气.对通过均匀性检验和长期稳定性考察的芝麻酚纯度标准物质进行定值和不确定度评价,同时采用高效液相色谱...     

差示扫描量热法测定聚乙烯结晶度的不确定度评定

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)测定聚乙烯(PE)的结晶度，讨论了测定PE熔融焓过程中由测量重复性、称量过程及PE本身结构的不均匀性等因素所带来的不确定度分量，计算了测定PE熔融焓的合成标准不确定度及扩展不确定度和测定PE结晶度的扩展不确定度。采用Dsc法测定高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)和低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)结晶度的扩展不确定度均小于l％。     

茶碱标准物质的研制与定值

建立了茶碱标准物质的制备和定值方法.将市售茶碱原料纯化、干燥、混匀后.分装成500瓶样品.随机抽取其中11瓶做均匀性检验.经F检验和T检验.结果表明在95%置信范围内样品的均匀性良好;稳定性检验按短期稳定性(1月)和长期稳定性(12月)分别进行,长期稳定性结果通过了T检验,表明在20℃条件下茶碱的稳定期不少于12个月....     

差示扫描量热法测量纯度的不确定度分析

依据JJF1059-1999分析了差示扫描量热法测量纯度的不确定度。以美国PE公司的DSC-2C型差示扫描量热仪为例,该方法测量苯纯度的提高扩展不确定度为0.11%。     

十氯酮-二氯甲烷溶液标准物质的定值与不确定度评定

制备了十氯酮-二氯甲烷溶液标准物质,采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)和红外光谱法(IR)对十氯酮原料定性鉴定,并采用气相色谱法(GC/FID)及多家实验室联合定值法对十氯酮的纯度进行定值,测得十氯酮原料纯度为99.9%。在(20±4)℃下,以重量-容量法配制十氯酮-二氯甲烷溶液标准物质,对溶液进行均匀性与稳定性分析、量值核验,并对其量值结果进行了不确定度评定。     

分析用标准样品氟铃脲的合成、纯化及表征

合成了氟铃脲农药粗品,通过活性炭吸附、重结晶进行初步纯化;然后采用柱层析分离技术,以硅胶为填料,乙酸乙酯／石油醚（30～60℃）（1：3,V／V）为展开剂（Rf≈0．5）进行提纯。用紫外光谱（UV）、红外光谱（IR）、核磁共振（^1H NMR,^13C NMR）及质谱（MS）进行了结构表征;以高效液相色谱法测得该试样纯度在99％以上。     

对DSC单峰纯度测定法的评述

指出了当前流行的差示扫描量热法DSC单峰法测样品纯度所基于的假定有一些不确切的地方,并用计算机动态摸拟了DSC实验过程,结果证实了本文的论断。     

菊花中活性成分的高效液相色谱测定与指纹图谱研究

采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定了12个菊花样品中绿原酸、黄芩苷、槲皮素、木犀草素和柯因五种活性成分的含量。色谱柱为Nov-pak C18,以0.1%磷酸-甲醇为流动相,流速0.6 mL/min,梯度洗脱,检测波长为254 nm。该方法在10-3~10-5g/mL范围内线性关系良好,保留时间和峰面积相对标准偏差(RSD)分别在0.20%~0.96%、0.23%~0.77%之间,回收率在96.5%~104.0%之间。同时建立了菊花样品的指纹图谱,采用夹角余弦和相关系数法计算了12个菊花样品的相似度,并且运用MATLAB程序对相关系数法计算值进行聚类分析,结果与实际样品种属区分一致,为菊花的质量控制和种属的区分提供依据。     

Production and certification of NIST Standard Reference Material 2372 Human DNA Quantitation Standard

Modern highly multiplexed short tandem repeat (STR) assays used by the forensic human-identity community require tight control of the initial amount of sample DNA amplified in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process. This, in turn, requires the ability to reproducibly measure the concentration of human DNA, [DNA], in a sample extract. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) techniques can determine the number of intact stretches of DNA of specified nucleotide sequence in an extremely small sample; however, these assays must be calibrated with DNA extracts of well-characterized and stable composition. By 2004, studies coordinated by or reported to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) indicated that a well-characterized, stable human DNA quantitation certified reference material (CRM) could help the forensic community reduce within- and among-laboratory quantitation variability. To ensure that the stability of such a quantitation standard can be monitored and that, if and when required, equivalent replacement materials can be prepared, a measurement of some stable quantity directly related to [DNA] is required. Using a long-established conventional relationship linking optical density (properly designated as decadic attenuance) at 260 nm with [DNA] in aqueous solution, NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2372 Human DNA Quantitation Standard was issued in October 2007. This SRM consists of three quite different DNA extracts: a single-source male, a multiple-source female, and a mixture of male and female sources. All three SRM components have very similar optical densities, and thus very similar conventional [DNA]. The materials perform very similarly in several widely used gender-neutral assays, demonstrating that the combination of appropriate preparation methods and metrologically sound spectrophotometric measurements enables the preparation and certification of quantitation [DNA] standards that are both maintainable and of practical utility. Figure NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2372 Human Quantitation Standard     

Vapour liquid equilibria of monocaprylin plus palmitic acid or methyl stearate at P = (1.20 and 2.50) kPa by using DSC technique

The Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) technique is used for measuring isobaric (vapour + liquid) equilibria for two binary mixtures: {monocaprylin + palmitic acid (system 1) or methyl stearate (system 2)} at two different pressures P = (1.20 and 2.50) kPa. The obtained PTx data are correlated by Wilson, NRTL and UNIQUAC models. The original UNIFAC group contribution method is also considered and new binary interaction parameters for the main groups CH₂, CCOO, OH and COOH are regressed, to account for the non-idealities found in these lipid systems. Established thermodynamic consistency tests are applied and attest the quality of the measured data. In terms of relevance of the selected components, system 1 can be found in the purification and deodorization steps during the production of edible oils, while, system 2 can be found in the purification steps of biodiesel. It should be noted that no such data could be found in the open literature, not only for the specific components selected but also for the combination of the classes of components considered; that is, acylglycerol plus fatty acid or fatty ester.     

固相微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定垃圾渗滤液中的双酚A

本文应用固相微萃取一高效液相色谱法(SPME—HPLC)分析了垃圾渗滤液中的痕量双酚A。对SPME的条件如测定模式、pH值、萃取时间、解吸方式、解吸溶剂、解吸时间和HPLC条件进行了优化。建立了SPME—HPLC分析垃圾渗滤液中痕量双酚A的方法。方法的线性范围为12．8～192μg／L,相关系数为0．9975,检出限为3．25μg／L(3σ,n=11)。以12．8μg／L的双酚A标准溶液平行测定11次,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4．4％,回收率为94．5％～103．3％。将其用于分析具有垃圾填埋场的渗滤液实际水样,结果十分满意。该方法具有快速、灵敏、简单、无溶剂的特点,适合于环境水样中痕量双酚A的分析。