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1.
张霞  赵岩  张彩碚  李春文 《无机化学学报》2006,22(11):2113-2117
The formation process of pseudo-spherical α-Fe2O3 particles obtained through the hydrolysis of 0.01 mol·L-1 FeCl3 solution was studied by means of TEM and XRD. The results show that the growth of α-Fe2O3 nuclies is through the diffusion mechanism. Although the presence of CTAB in the FeCl3 solution has no effect on the growth process of pseudo-spheric α-Fe2O3 particles, more uniform particles are obtained, and the particles are self-assembled to form two-dimensional ordered structure due to the effect of CTAB. The optical character of these α-Fe2O3 particles was investigated, and the band-gap of which is about 2.49 eV.  相似文献   

2.
Four different hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanopowders with various morphologies have been synthesized in the presence of surfactant (HPC) via hydrothermal route at 180 ℃, using four kinds of iron salts, Fe2(SO4)3, FeC2O4, FeSO4 and (NH4)3Fe(C2O4)3, as precursor materials. The products were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron micrograph (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and magnetization measurements. The hysteresis measurements show that the products exhibit weak ferromagnetic property at room temperature. It is concluded that the different precursor materials and the presence of the surfactant are important factors that exert significant effects on the morphologies and magnetic properties of the products.  相似文献   

3.
回流水热合成均分散纳米α-Fe2O3单晶粒子   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
系统地研究了以Fe(NO3)3为原料,回流水热合成均分散α-Fe2O3纳米粒子。实验结果显示:当pH=1时,随着水热时间的增加,由透射电镜测试可知,多孔性纺锤形α-Fe2O3单晶转变成粒径在45 nm左右的均分散菱形单晶;而Fe(NO3)3用氨水中和形成Fe(OH)3凝胶后,随着初始pH值的增加,完全转变成α-Fe2O3所需的时间增加、粒径减小,但产物的结构更为完整。另外通过实验发现,反应体系中存在的电解质对α-Fe2O3晶体的生成有促进作用。同时对初始pH值及电解质对α-Fe2O3生成速率的影响机理进行了分析。  相似文献   

4.
张秀丽  刘辉  魏雨  马子川 《化学学报》2005,63(12):1141-1146
以Fe2(SO4)3为原料, 在pH为4~7、微量催化剂Fe2+离子及晶体助长剂NaH2PO4存在下, 沸腾回流, 短时间可直接成长出纺锤形α-Fe2O3超细粒子. 与强迫水解法和水热法比较, 该方法具有操作简单、反应物浓度高、反应条件温和及重现性好等优点. 同时研究了各种因素对产物的轴比及相转化速率的影响.  相似文献   

5.
MgFe2O4-Fe2O3纳米粉体的软化学合成及电磁学特性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
王清成  付华  庄稼 《无机化学学报》2005,21(8):1223-1226
Nano-MgFe2O4-Fe2O3 magnetic powders were synthesized by citrate gel under microwave irradiation. The structure,particle size distribution,electromagnetic characteristics of nano-MgFe2O4-Fe2O3 were characterized by using TG-DTA, X-ray, electronic microscope, nano-size measurement and electromagnetism measurement apparatus。The results show that the product is a mixture of MgFe2O4 and Fe2O3 with average size of 44 nm, tanδ for the product is 0.265 and 0.610 at frequency of 1.0 GHz and 1.8 GHz respectively.  相似文献   

6.
自组装α-Fe2O3亚微米球的制备及其光催化性质   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
陈友存  张凯  赵英国 《无机化学学报》2009,25(11):2003-2009
在乙二醇体系中, 通过简单的二步方法成功合成了α-Fe2O3亚微米球。第一步,以Fe(NO)3和C6H12N4为主要反应物160 ℃溶剂热反应8h制备出前驱体;第二步,煅烧前驱体成功合成了斜方相的α-Fe2O3产物。利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),透射电子显微镜(TEM),红外吸收光谱(FTIR),能谱分析(EDS)和热重分析(TGA)等手段对产物进行了表征。在300 W紫外灯(主波长为365 nm)照射下降解一定浓度的甲基橙溶液,研究不同光催化剂对甲基橙溶液降解效果。由于制备产物的形貌和粒径影响其比表面积和对反应物的吸附能力以及带隙能,使得制备产物具有良好的光催化性能。结果表明,α-Fe2O3亚微米球在紫外光照射条件下对甲基橙溶液有光降解作用。  相似文献   

7.
采用微乳法合成出氧化铁的前驱体——纳米β-FeOOH, 分别以β-FeOOH与添加剂壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(NP-4)以物质量的比(n)为4, 5, 100添加NP-4, 混合煅烧. 采用拉曼光谱分析了样品中炭含量及分布, 并且用透射电镜观测产物的形貌和粒径, 采用磁强计观测产物磁性的变化. 结果得出, 对n=5或破乳所得凝胶煅烧, 所得样品皆为分散均匀的四方形颗粒状, 且为磁性明显增强的纳米氧化铁γ-Fe2O3. 还分别讨论了样品中炭含量以及颗粒形状对比饱和磁化强度σs、矫顽力、矩形比的影响.  相似文献   

8.
0引言纳米Fe2O3因在磁性、气敏、催化、染料、抗腐蚀等领域显示出广阔的应用前景而备受瞩目[1 ̄3]。Fe2O3存在α-Fe2O3、β-Fe2O3、γ-Fe2O3、ε-Fe2O3等多种构型,它们在性能上差异较大,如α-Fe2O3具有良好的磁性和气敏性,可用作气敏材料和磁记录材料;γ-Fe2O3具有独特的电、磁、光等性质而在信息存贮器、彩色显像管、生物处理、磁制冷等方面得到广泛应用。由于其各种应用都与性能有直接关系,所以研究Fe2O3的制备方法具有重要意义。尽管不少学者采用溶胶-凝胶法[4]、电化学合成法[5]、微波辐射法[6]、燃烧合成法[7]、水热法等[8]不…  相似文献   

9.
采用简单的FeCl3溶液水热方法, 结合焙烧处理合成了α-Fe2O3 纳米粉体; 以所制备的α-Fe2O3为载体负载Ag纳米粒子, 得到Ag/α-Fe2O3 复合纳米材料. 使用X射线衍射、 透射电子显微镜、 氮气吸附-脱附和X射线光电子能谱等对样品进行表征, 并考察了Ag/α-Fe2O3复合材料在260℃下对甲醇、 乙醇、 乙醚、 丙酮、 正丁醇和正己醇等挥发性有机物的气敏行为. 结果表明, Ag/α-Fe2O3传感器对这几种挥发性有机物展示了较高的灵敏度和快速、 可逆的响应-恢复特性; 与纯α-Fe2O3相比, Ag/α-Fe2O3复合材料的气敏性能显著提高, 这可能与该复合材料表面独特的多孔结构和活性Ag纳米粒子对敏感反应的催化作用有关.  相似文献   

10.
以Ferrihydrite(又称水合氧化铁hydrous iron oxide)为反应前驱物, Fe(II)为催化剂, 在微量Na2SiO3存在下, 控制pH=6~9范围内合成出了亚微米级纺锤形和准立方形α-Fe2O3微粒. 研究了初始pH, Na2SiO3浓度, Ferrihydrite老化方式对相转化时间和产物形貌的影响, 利用XRD, SEM等手段对产物进行了表征. 结果表明, Na2SiO3对Ferriihydrite催化相转化有一定的抑制作用, 是影响其相转化过程及产物形貌的关键. 在弱碱性条件下, [Si]/[Fe3+]为0.01时可直接获得纺锤形(轴比≥2)或准立方形(300~400 nm) α-Fe2O3粒子, 并对形成机理进行了初步讨论.  相似文献   

11.
本文首次以硝酸铁Fe(NO3)3·9H2O、氢氧化钠NaOH和聚乙二醇(PEG-200)为反应物,采用室温研磨固相反应法合成了γ-Fe2O3纳米粉体,并用红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和气敏元件测试系统对产物的结构、表观形貌及气敏性能进行表征。结果表明,FeOOH在300~500 ℃热处理1 h均为γ-Fe2O3晶相,粒径为4~10 nm;600 ℃热处理1 h后转化为α-Fe2O3晶相。300 ℃焙烧后获得的γ-Fe2O3纳米粉体制成的气敏元件对乙醇有较高的灵敏度和较好的选择性。另外,以FeCl3为铁源时仅能得到纯α-Fe2O3纳米粉体,表明不同的铁源和PEG碳链的长短对产物的形成具有至关重要的影响。  相似文献   

12.
Bi2Fe4O9 nanoparticles were prepared at low temperature via a facile, one-step hydrothermal synthesis process using iron(Ⅲ) nitrate nonahydrate(Fe(NO3)3·9H2O) and bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O) as starting materials and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as the precipitant and mineralizer. XRD results indicate that the as-prepared nanoparticles are pure Bi2Fe4O9. SEM images reveal that the as-prepared Bi2Fe4O9 nanoparticles have a sheet-like morphology. The Bi2Fe4O9 nanoparticles thus obtained are paramagnetic at room temperature as shown by magnetic measurements.  相似文献   

13.
MgFe2O4纳米粉体的水热合成及其表征(英)   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
MgFe2O4 nanoparticles were hydrothermally synthesized at 150 ℃ using iron nitrate [Fe(NO3)3·9H2O], magnesium nitrate [Mg(NO3)2·6H2O] and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as starting materials by carefully controlling the reaction conditions. The influences of several factors such as presence or absence of Na+, molar ratio of Fe3+ / Mg2+, concentration of mental ions, temperature and reaction time on resultant products were investigated in the hydrothermal process. The sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and its magnetic properties were measured using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).  相似文献   

14.
NH4MO(OH)HCO3(M=Al3+, Cr3+) precursors were synthesized by a co-precipition method with the solutions of mixed nitrates as starting materials and ammonium bicarbonate as precipitator. The precursors and powders sintered at various temperatures were characterized by thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis(TG/DTA), infrared spectroscopy(IR), X-ray diffractormetry(XRD), transmittion electron microscopy(TEM). The luminescent spectra of Cr3+∶Al2O3 nano-powder was measured. The XRD results show that the pure-α-Al2O3 phase can be obtained at 1 200 ℃. TEM analysis indicates that the nano-powders about 20~30 nm are well-dispersed and less-aggregated. Spectral analysis demonstrates that the sample has good photoluminescence.  相似文献   

15.
γ-Fe2O3纳米粒子的(湿)固相研磨法制备研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
在聚乙二醇(PEG-400)存在下,于室温下研磨适量FeCl3与NaOH的混合物制备了γ-Fe2O3纳米粒子.所得各样品用XRD,Mossbauer谱,TEM,Tg-DTA和FTIR等手段进行了表征.结果表明,研磨后的样品经60℃干燥2h后即可得结晶较差的γ-Fe2O3纳米粉体,经450℃热处理1h后得粒径约为30nm结晶较好的γ-Fe2O3纳米粒子,经500℃热处理1h后得到粒径约为40nm、结晶完好的γ-Fe2O3纳米粒子.  相似文献   

16.
采用微乳法合成出氧化铁的前驱体——纳米β-FeOOH, 分别以β-FeOOH与添加剂壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(NP-4)以物质量的比(n)为4, 5, 100添加NP-4, 混合煅烧. 采用拉曼光谱分析了样品中炭含量及分布, 并且用透射电镜观测产物的形貌和粒径, 采用磁强计观测产物磁性的变化. 结果得出, 对n=5或破乳所得凝胶煅烧, 所得样品皆为分散均匀的四方形颗粒状, 且为磁性明显增强的纳米氧化铁γ-Fe2O3. 还分别讨论了样品中炭含量以及颗粒形状对比饱和磁化强度σs、矫顽力、矩形比的影响.  相似文献   

17.
通过调节B2O3‐Bi2O3‐ZnO‐Al2O3(BBZA)玻璃的添加量研究其对钛酸钡(BaTiO3)陶瓷烧结条件、晶体结构和介电性能的影响。结果表明:添加适量的BBZA玻璃能够有效地将BaTiO3陶瓷烧结温度由1350℃降至950℃,并使其致密化。同时,添加BBZA玻璃后,BaTiO3的晶体结构随着烧结温度的升高而发生转变(立方相→四方相)。另外,BBZA玻璃的引入使BaTiO3陶瓷的居里峰得到了有效的抑制和拓宽。陶瓷微观形貌显示,玻璃相均匀分布在BaTiO3晶粒表面。优化的BaTiO3陶瓷制备条件如下:BBZA添加量(质量分数)为2.0%,烧结温度为950℃。在该条件下制备的BaTiO3陶瓷介电常数达到1364,介电损耗低至1.2%。  相似文献   

18.
Mn2O3纳米结构的简易合成与电化学性质   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用简易的室温或水热方法制备出不同形貌的MnCO3微结构。经600 ℃热处理后,室温制备MnCO3转变成Mn2O3胶体片,而水热制备MnCO3样品则形成多孔Mn2O3纳米结构。然而,室温制备MnCO3经120 ℃热处理后形成Mn2O3晶相。制备样品经过XRD和SEM表征表明,热处理MnCO3前驱物形成Mn2O3过程导致产物形貌与结构变化。其形成机理又通过TEM和FTIR进一步研究。Mn2O3纳米结构的电容性质通过循环伏安法表征,结果表明Mn2O3形貌与结构对其电容有重要影响。  相似文献   

19.
固相法合成的样品,经X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)、电感螯合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)、比表面积(BET)、热重分析(TGA)和滴定法(CT)等表征为α-Ni0.81Al0.19(OH)2.19-2y(CO3)y·xH2O(x=1.1~1.2,y=0.10~0.12)。为了改善其高温性能,样品经混掺不同量Y2O3后作为氢镍电池的正极材料,做了不同温度恒流充放电、微电极循环伏安(CV)和交流阻抗谱(EIS)测定。结果表明,60 ℃时掺Y2O30.4wt%~1.2wt%,能提高样品不同倍率放电比容量达18.1%~42.0%,同时也改善了高温放电电位。  相似文献   

20.
The BaO-Al2O3-B2O3 glasses manufactured for solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC) sealing were studied. The effect of different nBaO/nB2O3 on crystal, thermal properties, density and infrared spectra of this system has been discussed. The results show that the trends of crystallization, glass transformation temperature, dilatometric softening temperature and density increase with nBaO/nB2O3 values. But a typical property deviation occurs when nBaO/nB2O3 is 0.875, and its coefficient of thermal expansion has the maximum at this point. The changes of properties can attribute to the conversion of boron from tetrahedral coordination to trigonal, breakage of the local glass network and interaction between the network modifiers. These can be proved by infrared spectra of glasses. Thermal properties of some studied samples are suitable for the sealing of SOFC using Sm doped ceria electrolyte and operating at 400~600 ℃.  相似文献   

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