A new three‐dimensional CdII supramolecular framework constructed from the 1‐[(1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)methyl]‐1,4‐diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane ligand

A new tetrazole–metal supramolecular compound, di‐μ‐chlorido‐bis(trichlorido{1‐[(1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl‐κN²)methyl]‐1,4‐diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane}cadmium(II)), [Cd₂(C₈H₁₆N₆)₂Cl₈], has been synthesized and structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. In the structure, each Cd^II cation is coordinated by five Cl atoms (two bridging and three terminal) and by one N atom from the 1‐[(1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)methyl]‐1,4‐diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane ligand, adopting a slightly distorted octahedral coordination geometry. The bridging bicyclo[2.2.2]octane and chloride ligands link the Cd^II cations into one‐dimensional ribbon‐like N—H...Cl hydrogen‐bonded chains along the b axis. An extensive hydrogen‐bonding network formed by N—H...Cl and C—H...Cl hydrogen bonds, and interchain π–π stacking interactions between adjacent tetrazole rings, consolidate the crystal packing, linking the poymeric chains into a three‐dimensional supramolecular network.     

The heterobifunctional ligand 5‐[4‐(1,2,4‐triazol‐4‐yl)phenyl]‐1H‐tetrazole and its role in the construction of a CdII metal–organic chain structure

5‐[4‐(1,2,4‐Triazol‐4‐yl)phenyl]‐1H‐tetrazole, C₉H₇N₇, (I), an asymmetric heterobifunctional organic ligand containing triazole (tr) and tetrazole (tz) termini linked directly through a 1,4‐phenylene spacer, crystallizes in the polar space group Pc. The heterocyclic functions, serving as single hydrogen‐bond donor (tz) or acceptor (tr) units, afford hydrogen‐bonded zigzag chains with no crystallographic centre of inversion. In the structure of catena‐poly[[diaquacadmium(II)]bis{μ₂‐5‐[4‐(1,2,4‐triazol‐4‐yl)phenyl]tetrazol‐1‐ido‐κ²N¹:N^1′}], [Cd(C₉H₆N₇)₂(H₂O)₂]_n, (II), the Cd^II dication resides on a centre of inversion in an octahedral {N₄O₂} environment. In the equatorial plane, the Cd^II polyhedron is built up from four N atoms of two kinds, namely of trans‐coordinating tr and tz fragments [Cd—N = 2.2926 (17) and 2.3603 (18) Å], and the coordinating aqua ligands occupy the two apical sites. The metal centres are separated at a distance of 11.1006 (7) Å by means of the double‐bridging tetrazolate anion, L⁻, forming a chain structure. The water ligands and tz fragments interact with one another, like a double hydrogen‐bond donor–acceptor synthon, leading to a hydrogen‐bonded three‐dimensional array.     

Copper(II) and cadmium(II) isothiocyanate coordination polymers with 4,4′‐bi‐1,2,4‐triazole

The coordination polymers catena‐poly[[[(4,4′‐bi‐1,2,4‐triazole‐κN¹)bis(thiocyanato‐κN)copper(II)]‐μ‐4,4′‐bi‐1,2,4‐triazole‐κ²N¹:N^1′] dihydrate], {[Cu(NCS)₂(C₄H₄N₆)₂]·2H₂O}_n, (I), and poly[tetrakis(μ‐4,4′‐bi‐1,2,4‐triazole‐κ²N¹:N^1′)bis(μ‐thiocyanato‐κ²N:S)tetrakis(thiocyanato‐κN)tricadmium(II)], [Cd₃(NCS)₆(C₄H₄N₆)₄]_n, (II), exhibit chain and two‐dimensional layer structures, respectively. The differentiation of the Lewis acidic nature of Cu^II and Cd^II has an influence on the coordination modes of the triazole and thiocyanate ligands, leading to topologically different polymeric motifs. In (I), copper ions are linked by bitriazole N:N′‐bridges into zigzag chains and the tetragonal–pyramidal CuN₅ environment is composed of two thiocyanate N atoms and three triazole N atoms [basal Cu—N = 1.9530 (18)–2.0390 (14) Å and apical Cu—N = 2.2637 (15) Å]. The structure of (II) contains two types of crystallographically unique Cd^II atoms. One type lies on an inversion center in a distorted CdN₆ octahedral environment, with bitriazole ligands in the equatorial plane and terminal isothiocyanate N atoms in the axial positions. The other type lies on a general position and forms centrosymmetric binuclear [Cd₂(μ‐NCS‐κ²N:S)₂(NCS)₂] units (tetragonal–pyramidal CdN₄S coordination). N:N′‐Bridging bitriazole ligands link the Cd centers into a flat (4,4)‐network.     

catena‐Poly­[[(di‐2‐pyridyl­amine)­silver(I)]‐μ‐nicotinato] and catena‐poly­[[(di‐2‐pyridyl­amine)silver(I)]‐μ‐2,6‐di­hydroxy­benzoato]

In catena‐poly­[[(di‐2‐pyridyl­amine‐κ²N,N′)silver(I)]‐μ‐nico­tinato‐κ²N:O], [Ag(C₆H₄NO₂)(C₁₀H₉N₃)]_n, the Ag^I atom is tetracoordinated by two N atoms from the di‐2‐pyridyl­amine (BPA) ligand [Ag—N = 2.3785 (18) and 2.3298 (18) Å] and by one N atom and one carboxyl­ate O atom from nicotinate ligands [Ag—N = 2.2827 (15) Å and Ag—O = 2.3636 (14) Å]. Bridging by nicotinate N and O atoms generates a polymeric chain structure, which extends along [100]. The carboxyl O atom not bonded to the Ag atom takes part in an intrachain C—H⋯O hydrogen bond, further stabilizing the chain. Pairs of chains are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to generate ribbons. There are no π–π interactions in this complex. In catena‐poly­[[(di‐2‐pyridyl­amine‐κ²N,N′)silver(I)]‐μ‐2,6‐di­hydroxy­benzoato‐κ²O¹:O²], [Ag(C₇H₅O₄)(C₁₀H₉N₃)]_n, the Ag^I atom has a distorted tetrahedral coordination, with three strong bonds to two pyridine N atoms from the BPA ligand [Ag—N = 2.286 (5) and 2.320 (5) Å] and to one carboxyl­ate O atom from the 2,6‐di­hydroxy­benzoate ligand [Ag—O = 2.222 (4) Å]; the fourth, weaker, Ag‐atom coordination is to one of the phenol O atoms [Ag⋯O = 2.703 (4) Å] of an adjacent moiety, and this interaction generates a polymeric chain along [100]. Pairs of chains are linked about inversion centers by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to form ribbons, within which there are π–π interactions. The ribbons are linked about inversion centers by pairs of C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and additional π–π interactions between inversion‐related pairs of 2,6‐di­hydroxy­benzoate ligands to generate a three‐dimensional network.     

A one‐dimensional coordination polymer of 5‐[(imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl]benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylic acid with CuII cations

5‐[(Imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl]benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylic acid (H₂L) was synthesized and the dimethylformamide‐ and dimethylacetamide‐solvated structures of its adducts with Cu^II, namely catena‐poly[[copper(II)‐bis[μ‐3‐carboxy‐5‐[(imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl]benzoato]] dimethylformamide disolvate], {[Cu(C₁₂H₉N₂O₄)₂]·2C₃H₇NO}_n, (I), and catena‐poly[[copper(II)‐bis[μ‐3‐carboxy‐5‐[(imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl]benzoato]] dimethylacetamide disolvate], {[Cu(C₁₂H₉N₂O₄)₂]·2C₄H₉NO}_n, (II), the formation of which are associated with mono‐deprotonation of H₂L. The two structures are isomorphous and isometric. They consist of one‐dimensional coordination polymers of the organic ligand with Cu^II in a 2:1 ratio, [Cu(μ‐HL)₂]_n, crystallizing as the dimethylformamide (DMF) or dimethylacetamide (DMA) disolvates. The Cu^II cations are characterized by a coordination number of six, being located on centres of crystallographic inversion. In the polymeric chains, each Cu^II cation is linked to four neighbouring HL⁻ ligands, and the organic ligand is coordinated via Cu—O and Cu—N bonds to two Cu^II cations. In the corresponding crystal structures of (I) and (II), the coordination chains, aligned parallel to the c axis, are further interlinked by strong hydrogen bonds between the noncoordinated carboxy groups in one array and the coordinated carboxylate groups of neighbouring chains. Molecules of DMF and DMA (disordered) are accommodated at the interface between adjacent polymeric assemblies. This report provides the first structural evidence for the formation of coordination polymers with H₂Lvia multiple metal–ligand bonds through both carboxylate and imidazole groups.     

catena‐Poly[potassium [copper(II)‐μ‐isothiocyanato‐μ‐N‐salicylidene‐β‐alaninato(2–)]]

The title polymeric compound, catena‐poly­[dipotassium [bis­[μ‐N‐salicyl­idene‐β‐alaninato(2−)]‐κ⁴O,N,O′:O′′;κ⁴O′′:O,N,O′‐dicopper(II)]‐di‐μ‐iso­thio­cyanato‐κ²N:S;κ²S:N], {K[Cu(NCS)(C₁₀H₉NO₃)]}_n, consists of [iso­thio­cyanato(N‐salicyl­idene‐β‐alaninato)copper(II)]⁻ anions connected through the two three‐atom thio­cyanate (μ‐NCS) and the two anti,anti‐μ‐­carboxyl­ate bridges into infinite one‐dimensional polymeric anions, with coulombically interacting K⁺ counter‐ions with coordination number 7 constrained between the chains. The Cu^II atoms adopt a distorted tetragonal–bipyramidal coordination, with three donor atoms of the tridentate Schiff base and one N atom of the bridging μ‐NCS ligand in the basal plane. The first axial position is occupied by a thio­cyanate S atom of a symmetry‐related μ‐NCS ligand at an apical distance of 2.9770 (8) Å, and the second position is occupied by an O atom of a bridging carboxyl­ate group from an adjacent coordination unit at a distance of 2.639 (2) Å.     

A new one‐dimensional CdII coordination polymer with a two‐dimensional layered structure incorporating 2‐[(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl]‐1H‐benzimidazole and benzene‐1,2‐dicarboxylate ligands

The N‐heterocyclic ligand 2‐[(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl]‐1H‐benzimidazole (imb) has a rich variety of coordination modes and can lead to polymers with intriguing structures and interesting properties. In the coordination polymer catena‐poly[[cadmium(II)‐bis[μ‐benzene‐1,2‐dicarboxylato‐κ⁴O¹,O^1′:O²,O^2′]‐cadmium(II)‐bis{μ‐2‐[(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl]‐1H‐benzimidazole}‐κ²N²:N³;κ²N³:N²] dimethylformamide disolvate], {[Cd(C₈H₄O₄)(C₁₁H₁₀N₄)]·C₃H₇NO}_n, (I), each Cd^II ion exhibits an irregular octahedral CdO₄N₂ coordination geometry and is coordinated by four O atoms from two symmetry‐related benzene‐1,2‐dicarboxylate (1,2‐bdic²⁻) ligands and two N atoms from two symmetry‐related imb ligands. Two Cd^II ions are connected by two benzene‐1,2‐dicarboxylate ligands to generate a binuclear [Cd₂(1,2‐bdic)₂] unit. The binuclear units are further connected into a one‐dimensional chain by pairs of bridging imb ligands. These one‐dimensional chains are further connected through N—H…O hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions, leading to a two‐dimensional layered structure. The dimethylformamide solvent molecules are organized in dimeric pairs via weak interactions. In addition, the title polymer exhibits good fluorescence properties in the solid state at room temperature.     

catena‐Poly­[[trans‐bis­(ethane‐1,2‐di­amine‐κ2N,N′)copper(II)]‐μ‐di­thion­ato‐κ2O:O′] and trans‐di­aqua­bis­(propane‐1,3‐di­amine‐κ2N,N′)copper(II) di­thionate

In title an­hydro­us catena‐poly­[[trans‐bis­(ethane‐1,2‐di­amine‐κ²N,N′)copper(II)]‐μ‐di­thionato‐κ²O:O′], [Cu(S₂O₆)(C₂H₈N₂)₂]_n or [{H₂N(CH₂)₂NH₂}₂Cu(O·O₂SSO₂·O)]_∞, successive Cu atoms are bridged by a single doubly charged di­thionate group, forming a one‐dimensional polymer with inversion centres at the metal atoms and the mid‐point of the S—S bond [Cu—O = 2.5744 (15) Å]. In title (hydrated) trans‐di­aqua­bis­(propane‐1,3‐di­amine‐κ²N,N′)copper(II) di­thionate, [Cu(C₃H₁₀N₂)₂(H₂O)₂](S₂O₆) or [{H₂N(CH₂)₃NH₂}₂Cu(OH₂)₂](S₂O₆), both ions have imposed 2/m symmetry. The `axial' anion components are displaced by a pair of water ligands [Cu—O = 2.439 (3) Å], the shorter Cu—O distance being compensated by the lengthened Cu—N distance [2.0443 (18), cf. 2.0100 (13) and 2.0122 (16) Å].     

Bis(5‐aminotetrazole‐1‐acetato‐κO)tetraaquacobalt(II) and catena‐poly[[cadmium(II)]‐bis(μ‐5‐aminotetrazole‐1‐acetato‐κ3N4:O,O′)]

The Co^II atom in bis(5‐aminotetrazole‐1‐acetato)tetraaquacobalt(II), [Co(C₃H₄N₅O₂)₂(H₂O)₄], (I), is octahedrally coordinated by six O atoms from two 5‐aminotetrazole‐1‐acetate (atza) ligands and four water molecules. The molecule has a crystallographic centre of symmetry located at the Co^II atom. The molecules of (I) are interlinked by hydrogen‐bond interactions, forming a two‐dimensional supramolecular network structure in the ac plane. The Cd^II atom in catena‐poly[[cadmium(II)]‐bis(μ‐5‐aminotetrazole‐1‐acetato], [Cd(C₃H₄N₅O₂)₂]_n, (II), lies on a twofold axis and is coordinated by two N atoms and four O atoms from four atza ligands to form a distorted octahedral coordination environment. The Cd^II centres are connected through tridentate atza bridging ligands to form a two‐dimensional layered structure extending along the ab plane, which is further linked into a three‐dimensional structure through hydrogen‐bond interactions.     

Two nickel(II) bis[(pyridin‐2‐yl)methyl]amine complexes with homophthalic and benzene‐1,2,4,5‐tetracarboxylic acids

Two new Ni^II complexes involving the ancillary ligand bis[(pyridin‐2‐yl)methyl]amine (bpma) and two different carboxylate ligands, i.e. homophthalate [hph; systematic name: 2‐(2‐carboxylatophenyl)acetate] and benzene‐1,2,4,5‐tetracarboxylate (btc), namely catena‐poly[[aqua{bis[(pyridin‐2‐yl)methyl]amine‐κ³N,N′,N′′}nickel(II)]‐μ‐2‐(2‐carboxylatophenyl)aceteto‐κ²O:O′], [Ni(C₉H₆O₄)(C₁₂H₁₃N₃)(H₂O)]_n, and (μ‐benzene‐1,2,4,5‐tetracarboxylato‐κ⁴O¹,O²:O⁴,O⁵)bis(aqua{bis[(pyridin‐2‐yl)methyl]amine‐κ³N,N′,N′′}nickel(II)) bis(triaqua{bis[(pyridin‐2‐yl)methyl]amine‐κ³N,N′,N′′}nickel(II)) benzene‐1,2,4,5‐tetracarboxylate hexahydrate, [Ni₂(C₁₀H₂O₈)(C₁₂H₁₃N₃)₂(H₂O)₂]·[Ni(C₁₂H₁₃N₃)(H₂O)₃]₂(C₁₀H₂O₈)·6H₂O, (II), are presented. Compound (I) is a one‐dimensional polymer with hph acting as a bridging ligand and with the chains linked by weak C—H...O interactions. The structure of compound (II) is much more complex, with two independent Ni^II centres having different environments, one of them as part of centrosymmetric [Ni(bpma)(H₂O)]₂(btc) dinuclear complexes and the other in mononuclear [Ni(bpma)(H₂O)₃]²⁺ cations which (in a 2:1 ratio) provide charge balance for btc⁴⁻ anions. A profuse hydrogen‐bonding scheme, where both coordinated and crystal water molecules play a crucial role, provides the supramolecular linkage of the different groups.     

Cadmium nitrate coordination polymers with substituted pyridazino[4,5‐d]pyridazines

catena‐Poly[[aquabis(nitrato‐κ²O,O′)cadmium(II)]‐μ‐1,2,3,6,7,8‐hexa­hydro­cinnolino[5,4,3‐cde]cinnoline‐κN¹:κN⁶], [Cd(NO₃)₂(C₁₂H₁₂N₄)(H₂O)]_n, (I), and catena‐poly[[[bis(nitrato‐κ²O,O′)cadmium(II)]‐μ‐2,2,7,7‐tetra­methyl‐1,2,3,6,7,8‐hexahydro­cinnolino[5,4,3‐cde]cinnoline‐κN¹:κN⁶] chloro­form solvate], {[Cd(NO₃)₂(C₁₂H₁₂N₄)]·CHCl₃}_n, (II), are the first structurally examined cadmium–pyridazine coordination compounds. They possess one‐dimensional polymeric structures supported by the bidentate bridging function of the cinnolino[5,4,3‐cde]cinnoline ligands, which lie about inversion centres. The Cd atoms are seven‐coordinated in (I) and six‐coordinated in (II), involving two bidentate nitrate groups [Cd—O = 2.229 (2)–2.657 (2) Å], two N atoms of the cinnoline ligands [Cd—N = 2.252 (2)–2.425 (2) Å], and, additionally, a water O atom in (I) [Cd—O = 2.284 (2) Å]. In (I), the coordinated organic and aqua ligands form an intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond [O⋯N = 2.730 (3) Å].     

A new one‐dimensional CuII complex with a three‐dimensional supramolecular architecture incorporating benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylate and 1‐[(1H‐benzotriazol‐1‐yl)methyl]‐1H‐imidazole

Subtle modifications of N‐donor ligands can result in complexes with very different compositions and architectures. In the complex catena‐poly[[bis{1‐[(1H‐benzotriazol‐1‐yl)methyl]‐1H‐imidazole‐κN ³}copper(II)]‐μ‐benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylato‐κ³O ¹,O ^1′:O ³], {[Cu(C₈H₄O₄)(C₁₀H₉N₅)₂(H₂O)]·2H₂O}_n , each Cu^II ion is six‐coordinated by two N atoms from two crystallographically independent 1‐[(1H‐benzotriazol‐1‐yl)methyl]‐1H‐imidazole (bmi) ligands, by three O atoms from two symmetry‐related benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylate (bdic²⁻) ligands and by one water molecule, leading to a distorted CuN₂O₄ octahedral coordination environment. The Cu^II ions are connected by bridging bdic²⁻ anions to generate a one‐dimensional chain. The bmi ligands coordinate to the Cu^II ions in monodentate modes and are pendant on opposite sides of the main chain. In the crystal, the chains are linked by O—H…O and O—H…N hydrogen bonds, as well as by π–π interactions, into a three‐dimensional network. A thermogravimetric analysis was carried out and the fluorescence behaviour of the complex was also investigated.     

An X‐ray powder diffraction study of cis‐dichloridobis(2‐methyl‐2H‐tetrazol‐5‐amine‐κN4)platinum(II), a tetrazole‐containing analogue of cisplatin

The structure of the title compound, cis‐[PtCl₂(C₂H₅N₅)₂], was analysed using in‐house X‐ray powder diffraction data at room temperature. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined using Rietveld analysis. A slightly distorted square‐planar coordination geometry is formed around the Pt atom by two Cl atoms and two ring N atoms of the 2‐methyl‐2H‐tetrazol‐5‐amine ligands, which are in a cis configuration. The planes of the tetrazole rings are inclined at 79.7 (7) and 73.8 (6)° with respect to the coordination plane, with their substituents oriented in such a way that the complex as a whole has approximate C₂ symmetry. Intermolecular N—H...Cl hydrogen bonds mediate the formation of a three‐dimensional supramolecular network.     

First‐row transition metal–pyridine (py)–sulfate [(py)xM](SO4) complexes (M = Ni,Cu and Zn): crystal field theory in action

The crystal structures of three first‐row transition metal–pyridine–sulfate complexes, namely catena‐poly[[tetrakis(pyridine‐κN)nickel(II)]‐μ‐sulfato‐κ²O:O′], [Ni(SO₄)(C₅H₅N)₄]_n, (1), di‐μ‐sulfato‐κ⁴O:O‐bis[tris(pyridine‐κN)copper(II)], [Cu₂(SO₄)₂(C₅H₅N)₆], (2), and catena‐poly[[tetrakis(pyridine‐κN)zinc(II)]‐μ‐sulfato‐κ²O:O′‐[bis(pyridine‐κN)zinc(II)]‐μ‐sulfato‐κ²O:O′], [Zn₂(SO₄)₂(C₅H₅N)₆]_n, (3), are reported. Ni compound (1) displays a polymeric crystal structure, with infinite chains of Ni^II atoms adopting an octahedral N₄O₂ coordination environment that involves four pyridine ligands and two bridging sulfate ligands. Cu compound (2) features a dimeric molecular structure, with the Cu^II atoms possessing square‐pyramidal N₃O₂ coordination environments that contain three pyridine ligands and two bridging sulfate ligands. Zn compound (3) exhibits a polymeric crystal structure of infinite chains, with two alternating zinc coordination environments, i.e. octahedral N₄O₂ coordination involving four pyridine ligands and two bridging sulfate ligands, and tetrahedral N₂O₂ coordination containing two pyridine ligands and two bridging sulfate ligands. The observed coordination environments are consistent with those predicted by crystal field theory.     

CdII and CoII coordination polymers constructed from benzene‐1,4‐dicarboxylic acid and 2‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)‐1H‐benzimidazole ligands

In poly[aqua(μ₃‐benzene‐1,4‐dicarboxylato‐κ⁵O¹,O^1′:O¹:O⁴,O^4′)[2‐(pyridin‐3‐yl‐κN)‐1H‐benzimidazole]cadmium(II)], [Cd(C₈H₄O₄)(C₁₂H₉N₃)(H₂O)]_n, (I), each Cd^II ion is seven‐coordinated by the pyridine N atom from a 2‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)benzimidazole (3‐PyBIm) ligand, five O atoms from three benzene‐1,4‐dicarboxylate (1,4‐bdc) ligands and one O atom from a coordinated water molecule. The complex forms an extended two‐dimensional carboxylate layer structure, which is further extended into a three‐dimensional network by hydrogen‐bonding interactions. In catena‐poly[[diaquabis[2‐(pyridin‐3‐yl‐κN)‐1H‐benzimidazole]cobalt(II)]‐μ₂‐benzene‐1,4‐dicarboxylato‐κ²O¹:O⁴], [Co(C₈H₄O₄)(C₁₂H₉N₃)₂(H₂O)₂]_n, (II), each Co^II ion is six‐coordinated by two pyridine N atoms from two 3‐PyBIm ligands, two O atoms from two 1,4‐bdc ligands and two O atoms from two coordinated water molecules. The complex forms a one‐dimensional chain‐like coordination polymer and is further assembled by hydrogen‐bonding interactions to form a three‐dimensional network.     

Copper(II) bromide and copper(II) acetate complexes of 4,4′‐(p‐phenylene)bipyridazine

4,4′‐(p‐Phenylene)bipyridazine, C₁₄H₁₀N₄, (I), and the coordination compounds catena‐poly[[dibromidocopper(II)]‐μ‐4,4′‐(p‐phenylene)bipyridazine‐κ²N²:N^2′], [CuBr₂(C₁₄H₁₀N₄)]_n, (II), and catena‐poly[[[tetrakis(μ‐acetato‐κ²O:O′)dicopper(II)]‐μ‐4,4′‐(p‐phenylene)bipyridazine‐κ²N¹:N^1′] chloroform disolvate], {[Cu₂(C₂H₃O₂)₄(C₁₄H₁₀N₄)]·2CHCl₃}_n, (III), contain a new extended bitopic ligand. The combination of the p‐phenylene spacer and the electron‐deficient pyridazine rings precludes C—H...π interactions between the lengthy aromatic molecules, which could be suited for the synthesis of open‐framework coordination polymers. In (I), the molecules are situated across a center of inversion and display a set of very weak intermolecular C—H...N hydrogen bonds [3.399 (3) and 3.608 (2) Å]. In (II) and (III), the ligand molecules are situated across a center of inversion and act as N²,N^2′‐bidentate [in (II)] and N¹,N^1′‐bidentate [in (III)] long‐distance bridges between the metal ions, leading to the formation of coordination chains [Cu—N = 2.005 (3) Å in (II) and 2.199 (2) Å in (III)]. In (II), the copper ion lies on a center of inversion and adopts CuN₂Br₄ (4+2)‐coordination involving two long axial Cu—Br bonds [3.2421 (4) Å]. In (III), the copper ion has a tetragonal pyramidal CuO₄N environment. The uncoordinated pyridazine N atom and two acetate O atoms provide a multiple acceptor site for accommodation of a chloroform solvent molecule by trifurcated hydrogen bonding [C—H...O(N) = 3.298 (5)–3.541 (4) Å].     

Two new isomeric zinc(II) metal–organic frameworks based on 1,5‐bis(2‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)pentane and 5‐methylisophthalate ligands

Many factors, such as temperature, solvent, the central metal atom and the type of coligands, may affect the nature of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and the framework formation in the self‐assembly process, which results in the complexity of these compounds and the uncertainty of their structures. Two new isomeric Zn^II metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) based on mixed ligands, namely, poly[[μ‐1,5‐bis(2‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)pentane‐κ²N ³:N ^3′](μ‐5‐methylisophthalato‐κ²O ¹:O ³)zinc(II)], [Zn(C₉H₆O₄)(C₁₃H₂₀N₄)]_n , (I), and poly[[μ‐1,5‐bis(2‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)pentane‐κ²N ³:N ^3′](μ₃‐5‐methylisophthalato‐κ³O ¹:O ^1′:O ³)(μ₃‐5‐methylisophthalato‐κ⁴O ¹:O ^1′:O ³,O ^3′)dizinc(II)], [Zn₂(C₉H₆O₄)₂(C₁₃H₂₀N₄)]_n , (II), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. Complex (I) displays a two‐dimensional layer net, while complex (II) exhibits a twofold interpenetrating three‐dimensional framework. Both complexes show high stability and good fluorescence in the solid state at room temperature.     

Dimeric copper(II) trimethylsilyl­acetate adducts with pyridine, 2‐­methylpyridine, 3‐methylpyridine and quinoline,and a polymeric copper(II) trimethylsilylacetate

In the crystals of bis(pyridine‐N)tetrakis(μ‐trimethylsilylacetato‐O:O′)dicopper(II), [Cu₂(C₅H₁₁O₂Si)₄(C₅H₅N)₂], (I), the dinuclear Cu^II complexes have cage structures with Cu?Cu distances of 2.632 (1) and 2.635 (1) Å. In the crystals of bis(2‐­methylpyridine‐N)tetrakis(μ‐trimethylsilylacetato‐O:O′)dicopper(II), [Cu₂(C₅H₁₁O₂Si)₄(C₆H₇N)₂], (II), bis­(3‐methylpyridine‐N)tetrakis(μ‐trimethylsilylacetato‐O:O′)dicopper(II), [Cu₂(C₅H₁₁O₂Si)₄(C₆H₇N)₂], (III), and bis(quinoline‐N)­tetrakis(μ‐­trimethylsilylacetato‐O:O′)dicopper(II), [Cu₂(C₅H₁₁O₂Si)₄(C₉H₇N)₂], (IV), the centrosymmetric dinuclear Cu^II complexes have a cage structure with Cu?Cu distances of 2.664 (1), 2.638 (3) and 2.665 (1) Å, respectively. In the crystals of catena‐poly­[tetrakis(μ‐trimethylsilylacetato‐O:O′)dicopper(II)], [Cu₂(C₅H₁₁O₂Si)₄]_n, (V), the dinuclear Cu^II units of a cage structure are linked by the cyclic Cu—O bonds at the apical positions to form a linear chain by use of a glide translation.     

One‐dimensional CuII coordination polymers containing C2h‐symmetric 1,1′:4′,1′′‐terphenyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylate linkers

Two new one‐dimensional Cu^II coordination polymers (CPs) containing the C_2h‐symmetric terphenyl‐based dicarboxylate linker 1,1′:4′,1′′‐terphenyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylate (3,3′‐TPDC), namely catena‐poly[[bis(dimethylamine‐κN)copper(II)]‐μ‐1,1′:4′,1′′‐terphenyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylato‐κ⁴O,O′:O′′:O′′′] monohydrate], {[Cu(C₂₀H₁₂O₄)(C₂H₇N)₂]·H₂O}_n, (I), and catena‐poly[[aquabis(dimethylamine‐κN)copper(II)]‐μ‐1,1′:4′,1′′‐terphenyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylato‐κ²O³:O^3′] monohydrate], {[Cu(C₂₀H₁₂O₄)(C₂H₇N)₂(H₂O)]·H₂O}_n, (II), were both obtained from two different methods of preparation: one reaction was performed in the presence of 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) as a potential pillar ligand and the other was carried out in the absence of the DABCO pillar. Both reactions afforded crystals of different colours, i.e. violet plates for (I) and blue needles for (II), both of which were analysed by X‐ray crystallography. The 3,3′‐TPDC bridging ligands coordinate the Cu^II ions in asymmetric chelating modes in (I) and in monodenate binding modes in (II), forming one‐dimensional chains in each case. Both coordination polymers contain two coordinated dimethylamine ligands in mutually trans positions, and there is an additional aqua ligand in (II). The solvent water molecules are involved in hydrogen bonds between the one‐dimensional coordination polymer chains, forming a two‐dimensional network in (I) and a three‐dimensional network in (II).     

A one‐dimensional silver(I) coordination polymer based on 5‐methyl‐1,3,4‐thiadiazol‐2‐amine and pyridine‐2,3‐dicarboxylate

The bifunctional pyridine‐2,3‐dicarboxylic acid (H₂pdc) ligand has one N atom and four O atoms, which could bind more than one Ag^I centre with diverse binding modes. A novel infinite one‐dimensional Ag^I coordination polymer, namely catena‐poly[[silver(I)‐(μ₂‐pyridine‐2,3‐dicarboxylato‐κ²N :O ³)‐silver(I)‐tris(μ₂‐5‐methyl‐1,3,4‐thiodiazol‐2‐amine‐κ²N :N ′)] monohydrate ethanol monosolvate], {[Ag₂(C₇H₃NO₄)(C₃H₅N₃S)₃]·H₂O·C₂H₅OH}_n , has been synthesized using H₂pdc and 5‐methyl‐1,3,4‐thiadiazol‐2‐amine (tda), and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. One Ag^I atom is located in a four‐coordinated AgN₄ tetrahedral geometry and the other Ag^I atom is in a tetrahedral AgN₃O geometry. A dinuclear Ag^I cluster formed by three tda ligands with a paddelwheel configuration is bridged by the dianionic pdc²⁻ ligand into a one‐dimensional coordination polymer. Interchain N—H…O hydrogen bonds extend the one‐dimensional chains into an undulating two‐dimensional sheet. The sheets are further packed into a three‐dimensional supramolecular framework by interchain N—H…O hydrogen bonds.