含卤素原子酰腙化合物的合成、表征及与CT-DNA的相互作用

以4-羟基苯乙酸甲酯、水合肼为原料合成4-羟基苯乙酰肼,再与卤代苯甲醛(X=F、Cl、Br)反应,获得3种含有卤素原子的新型酰腙化合物4-氟苯甲醛-4-羟基苯乙酰腙(Ⅰ)、4-氯苯甲醛-4-羟基苯乙酰腙(Ⅱ)和4-溴苯甲醛-4-羟基苯乙酰腙(Ⅲ),并培养得到上述化合物的单晶。通过元素分析和X-射线单晶衍射对它们进行了表征。结果表明,它们均属三斜晶系,P1空间点群,分子之间通过氢键相互作用,交错排列堆积。利用热重分析研究了它们的热稳定性,并分别计算了它们热分解过程的表观活化能(Ea),结果显示它们的热稳定性都较高。采用紫外光谱研究了它们与ct-DNA的相互作用,发现它们均是以插入模式与ct-DNA作用。通过微量热实验研究了化合物与ct-DNA相互作用过程的热效应(ΔH),化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ的ΔH分别为1.87、2.86和5.54 k J·mol-1,说明它们与ct-DNA相互作用的大小为:ⅢⅡⅠ。     

蜂毒肽与CT-DNA的相互作用

通过圆二色光谱、紫外光谱、荧光光谱以及等温滴定量热等技术研究了蜂毒肽(Mel)与小牛胸腺DNA(CT-DNA)之间的相互作用以及构象变化。结果表明Mel可以与CT-DNA形成复合物。复合物的形成使得Mel的构象发生变化,由无规卷曲转变为α-helix,Mel中色氨酸残基处于更加疏水的环境。同时,CT-DNA的结构发生变化,解链温度(T_m)从64.3℃增加到66.2℃。Mel与CT-DNA的结合常数(K_a)约为10⁵L·mol^-1,复合物的形成是吸热的过程,主要依靠静电作用,其次是疏水作用。     

肟醚类紫苏醛衍生物的合成及抑菌活性研究

以紫苏醛结构为母体,设计合成了12个肟醚类化合物,其中6个为未见文献报道的化合物,并通过¹H-NMR、¹³C-NMR和ESI-MS对其结构进行了表征。经体外抑菌活性数据表明,3C对白色假丝酵母和痤疮丙酸杆菌的MIC分别为800μg·mL^-1、250μg·mL^-1,抑菌活性优于紫苏醛(1.200mg·mL^-1和0.740mg·mL^-1)。化合物3C和6C对白色假丝酵母抑菌活性强于阳性对照药氟康唑。分子对接结果表明化合物与蛋白结合形成氢键、疏水作用和π-π共轭,从而增强抑菌活性。     

2-呋喃甲醛-4-羟基苯甲酰腙及其Cu(Ⅱ)配合物的晶体结构及与CT-DNA的结合性能

通过2-呋喃甲醛与4-羟基苯甲酰肼缩合得到2-呋喃甲醛-4-羟基苯甲酰腙(H2L),并以其为配体与Cu(Ⅱ)配位得到了配合物[Cu(HL)2]·2H2O(1),采用元素分析和X射线单晶衍射对配体和配合物进行结构表征,结果表明配体属于正交晶系,Pna21空间群。配合物属于单斜晶系,P21/c空间群。利用热重实验研究了H2L和1的热稳定性,并计算了它们主要热分解过程的表观活化能,发现H2L和1的热稳定性都较高。通过紫外吸收光谱研究了H2L和1与CT-DNA的相互作用方式,并利用微量热计测量了其作用过程的热效应,结果表明H2L和1均以插入方式与CT-DNA结合,且作用过程放出的热量1大于H2L,说明配合物与CTDNA的结合能力强于配体。     

维甲化合物与维甲X受体相互作用模拟及QSAR研究

用分子对接确定了一系列RXR激动剂与受体的作用方式,与X衍射测得的晶体复合物中9-cis-RA的作用方式相近。对接后的配体-受体复和物经分子力学优化后更接近药效构象,两者相互作用能与活性具有一定的相关性,相关系数R^2=0.64。用活性构象建立的CoMFA模型比低能构象建立的CoMFA模型有更高的可信度,其交叉验证相关系q^2=0.791,非交叉验证相关系数γ^2=0.988,绝对误差SE=0.099,f6,33=456.8。     

蛋白质-RNA相互作用界面预测与设计

蛋白质-RNA之间的相互作用是蛋白质在细胞里面行使功能的重要方式之一. 结构生物学家利用实验手段可以得到蛋白质-RNA复合物的三维结构, 通过原子水平的晶体结构来解释蛋白质与RNA的识别过程. 但实验取得蛋白质-RNA的复合物结构非常困难, 耗钱、耗时, 同时受限于其相互作用强度. 因而利用理论的方法对蛋白质-RNA相互作用界面进行预测与设计在生物医学研究中十分重要. 本文主要综述了近期蛋白质-RNA相互作用界面预测与设计方面的进展, 包括以下几个方面: (1) 蛋白质-RNA分子对接算法以及对接前后存在的构象变化的处理; (2) 蛋白质-RNA 识别机制的研究; (3) 基于蛋白质-RNA 相互作用界面的分子设计. 蛋白质-RNA分子对接算法逐步完善将有助于我们对大量未知功能的蛋白质与RNA进行功能注释, 而基于生物大分子相互作用界面的分子设计将在药物设计领域中有广阔的应用前景.     

有机锡化合物与蛋白酶体β5亚基相互作用的分子模型

有机锡化合物能够抑制蛋白酶体的类糜蛋白酶活性(CT),导致细胞死亡,但是其与蛋白酶体的相互作用形式并不清楚.本文测定了丁基锡化合物和苯基锡化合物对蛋白酶体CT活性的IC50值,探讨了有机锡化合物对蛋白酶体CT活性的抑制作用形式.研究表明,对蛋白酶体CT活性,本文研究的一取代或二取代有机锡是弱的、可逆抑制剂,而三丁基锡、三苯基锡是强的、不可逆抑制剂.计算机分子对接分析表明,对于可逆抑制CT活性的有机锡化合物,其预测抑制常数与实测IC50值有良好的线性相关性.三丁基锡和三苯基锡上的Sn原子可能与β5亚基上的Thr1Oγ形成共价配位键,从而不可逆抑制CT活性.总之,本文建立的计算机分子对接模型很好地解释了有机锡化合物与蛋白酶体β5亚基的相互作用形式,这也将有助于了解类似金属化合物与蛋白酶体的相互作用机制.     

三种2-羟基-1-萘醛酰腙的晶体结构、热分解及其与CT-DNA的相互作用

Three acyl hydrazones N'-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylene)-2-phenylacetohydrazide (1), N'-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl) methylene)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetohydrazide hydrate (2), and N'-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl) methylene)-2-(2-methoxyphenyl) acetohydrazide hydrate (3) were synthesized and then characterized by elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystallographic data indicated that both compounds 2 and 3 crystallized in the monoclinic crystal lattice, space group C2/c, while compound 1 crystallized in the orthorhombic space group Pbca. The thermal decomposition processes of the three hydrazones were studied by thermogravimetry. The thermal decomposition temperatures of compounds 1, 2, and 3 were 318.23, 319.04, and 323.01℃, respectively. Meanwhile, the apparent activation energies for thermal decomposition for compounds 1, 2, and 3 were 115.90, 145.18, and 129.38 kJ·mol^-1, respectively, calculated according to the Kissinger and Ozawa equations. The interactions of compounds 1-3 with calf thymus (CT)-DNA were evaluated by microcalorimetry. The results indicated these interactions were homogenous endothermic processes with non-identical interaction time (1.00-50.0 min) and interaction enthalpies (0.47-15.50 kJ·mol^-1). The interaction enthalpies of compounds 1 and 2 were higher than those of their precursors, while the interaction enthalpy of compound 3 was lower than that of its precursor.     

二苯甲酮类紫外吸收剂与鲱鱼精DNA的相互作用研究

本文采用电子光谱法、荧光光谱、粘度法等方法研究了4种二苯甲酮类(benzophenone,BPs)紫外吸收剂:二苯甲酮(BP)、2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮(UV-0)、2-羟基-4-辛氧基二苯甲酮(UV-531)和2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮(UV-9)与鲱鱼精DNA(hs-DNA)的相互作用,并采用凝胶电泳考察了BPs对pBR322质粒DNA迁移作用的影响。结果表明,BPs可引起DNA在～260 nm处的特征紫外吸收峰小的红移(～2 nm)和明显的增色效应(2.1～106%);BPs可竞争亚甲基蓝(methylene blue,MB)与DNA的结合,使得DNA-MB体系中的荧光强度随着BPs的加入而增大;DNA在Tris缓冲液中的相对粘度几乎不随BPs浓度的增加而改变;BPs虽然可以使pBR322质粒DNA的超螺旋构型(Form I)比例有所下降,但对其构型和迁移速率的影响均不显著。热力学研究表明BPs与DNA的结合常数K为10~4～10~(5 )L·mol~(-1)。结合分子对接模型计算推测:BPs与DNA可能通过范德华力以沟槽式相结合。     

Two-Phase Dehydrogenation of Aryl Substituted Carbazide Compounds

Two-phase dehydrogenation, which is a new reaction of aryl substituted carbazide compounds, is described in this paper. Ten new azo compounds were synthesized by the reaction of aryl substituted carbazide compounds with a phenoxyl radical between two phases in good yields.     

吡唑及吡嗪类含能化合物研究进展

吡唑和吡嗪分别为分子中含两个氮原子的五元和六元杂环,是富氮杂环化合物的理想结构单元.部分具有生成焓高、热稳定性好和感度较低等特点.介绍了吡唑、吡嗪类高氮杂环含能化合物的合成、性能以及在含能材料中的应用研究进展,其中LLM-105和ANPZ-i在钝感炸药中应用前景良好,预测了两类含能化合物的发展前景.     

A Convenient Method for the Preparation of Carbonyl Diazo Compounds from Aryl Substituted Carbazide

A new simple method for the preparation of bis (substituted phenyl) carbodiazone compounds (ArN=NCON=NAr) is reported. Nine of the compounds were synthesized by the oxidation of aryl substituted carbazide with ferric chloride in acid medium with good yield.     

纳米铝化合物与生物有机分子界面作用的研究进展

本文概述了环境和生物体系中纳米铝化合物的存在形态,主要介绍了无机纳米形态铝化合物与生物有机分子的表面/界面的作用以及宏观、微观和计算机模拟等研究方法,展望了该领域研究的最新进展。     

苯乙烯基吡嗪类化合物的构象研究

有选择地合成了四种结构不同的苯乙烯吡嗪衍生物，测定了它们在不同极性溶剂中的吸收光谱和荧光光谱，根据其在基态条件下可能的分子构象和所得到得到的光谱数据，进一步对该类分子的最佳发光构象做出较为肯定的结论。     

Interactions of Phenanthroline Compounds with i-Motif DNA

The interactions of each of three phenanthroline derivatives 1, 2 and 3 with the human telomeric/-motif DNA were investigated. The results suggest these compounds are potent binders. The compounds could stabilize the structure of i-motif DNA by π-π stacking. Moreover, the binding constants of the compounds with/-motif DNA were （2.71-8.12）×10^4 L·mol^-1, and the binding stoichiometry ratio was 1：1. CD studies reveal that the binding by phenanthroline comoounds perturbs the conformation of i-motif DNA.     

顶空-固相微萃取-气相色谱法检测可可麦汁中吡嗪类化合物

建立了顶空-固相微萃取(HS-SPME)-气相色谱快速测定可可麦汁中3种吡嗪类物质(2,5-二甲基吡嗪、2,3,5-三甲基吡嗪和2,3,5,6-四甲基吡嗪)的方法.选择不同的固相微萃取头对萃取温度和时间进行优化,所得最佳萃取条件为:在60℃下,采用75 μm CAR/PDMS萃取头对麦汁样品萃取40 min.本方法的检出限(S/N=3)为0.023～ 0.056 μg/L,线性范围1～500 mg/L;相对标准偏差为3.6％～6.4％;回收率为95.4％～102.7％.本方法应用于样品检测,发现可可麦汁中吡嗪的浓度与原料中可可粉的添加量正相关,显示了很好灵敏性.     

Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding between Water and Pyrazine

Completely planar is the hydrogen-bonded complex of pyrazine and water (see sketch), which was obtained by supersonic expansion and investigated by rotational spectroscopy. The water molecule lies in the plane of the aromatic ring, and the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom functions as the acceptor in the N⋅⋅⋅H–O hydrogen bond, not—as in the corresponding benzene complex—the π electrons.     

Fiber Preparation from Micronized Oat By-Products: Antioxidant Properties and Interactions between Bioactive Compounds

This study aimed to investigate the possibility of utilizing oat by-products for fiber preparation. Oat husk (OH) and oat bran (OB) were micronized and used to prepare a novel product rich in fiber and with enhanced antioxidant properties. The basic chemical composition and phenolic acid profile were determined in OH and OB. The antioxidant properties of OH and OB were also analyzed. The type and strength of interactions between the biologically active compounds from their mixtures were characterized by an isobolographic analysis. The analyses showed that the sum of phenolic acids was higher in OH than in OB. Ferulic acid was dominant in both OH and OB; however, its content in OH was over sixfold higher than that in OB. The results also suggested that both OH and OB can be used for preparing fiber with enhanced antioxidant properties. The optimal composition of the preparation, with 60–70% of OH and 30–40% of OB, allows for obtaining a product with 60–70% fiber and enhanced antioxidant activity due to bioactive substances and their synergistic effect. The resulting product can be a valuable additive to various food and dietary supplements.     

New Coordination Compounds Based on a Pyrazine Derivative: Design,Characterization, and Biological Study

New coordination compounds of Mn(II), Fe(III), Co(II), and Ni(II) and the biologically active ligand L (N′-benzylidenepyrazine-2-carbohydrazonamide) were synthesized and characterized by appropriate analytical techniques: elemental analysis (EA), thermogravimetric analysis (TG–DTG), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and flame-atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS). The biological activity of the obtained compounds was then comprehensively investigated. Rational use of these compounds as potential drugs was proven by ADME analysis. All obtained compounds were screened in vitro for antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. Some of the studied complexes exhibited significantly higher activity than the ligand alone.