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《物理与工程》2015,(4)
多像素光子计数器(Multi Pixel Photo Counter,简称MPPC)是近几年发展起来的一种新型信号读出设备.为了对这种设备制作的闪烁探测器有较深入的了解和认知,本文配合塑料闪烁体,与MPPC制成塑料闪烁探测器,对利用这种新型的光子计数器做成的探测器进行了研究.利用它测试了塑料闪烁体的时间和位置分辨率,将这方面数据与之前常用的配有光电倍增管的闪烁探测器的数据进行了比较,能够了解到用MPPC与塑料闪烁体做成的闪烁探测器在时间分辨和位置分辨方面能够达到实验的要求.在信价比和几何大小方面,MPPC优于光电倍增管,因此利用MPPC将在实验方面带来很大的优越性,为实验研究提供更大的方便. 相似文献
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建立了一台塑料闪烁体β射线望远镜并进行了能量刻度.利用一组端点能量从0.7MeV到6.1MeV的β~+发射体作为参考源,线性能量刻度的误差仅35keV. 相似文献
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建立了一台塑料闪烁体β射线望远镜并进行了能量刻度.利用一组端点能量从0.7MeV到6.1MeV的β±发射体作为参考源,线性能量刻度的误差仅35keV. 相似文献
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传统的塑料闪烁体由于其低有效原子序数和密度,不适用于能谱探测领域。有机重金属化合物掺杂塑料闪烁体的制备为塑料闪烁体实现能谱探测提供了一种有效途径。而有机锡化合物掺杂塑料闪烁体具有高光峰灵敏度,并保留了塑料闪烁体的快衰减特性。本文通过自由基聚合的方法成功制备了不同浓度2-(三丁基锡烷基)呋喃掺杂的聚乙烯基甲苯(PVT)基塑料闪烁体,并对其光学和闪烁性能进行了测试和比较。其中掺杂20%2-(三丁基锡烷基)呋喃的PVT基塑料闪烁体的透光率可达90%,X射线激发发射光谱主峰位于425 nm处,光产额为6700 ph/MeV,能量分辨率为15.8%@662 keV,衰减时间约为4.3 ns。我们也制备了1英寸直径、掺杂20%2-(三丁基锡烷基)呋喃的塑料闪烁体,具有6300 ph/MeV的光产额和15.8%@662 keV的能量分辨率。 相似文献
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E. P. Jacosalem S. Iba N. Nakajima H. Ono A. L. C. Sanchez A. M. Bacala H. Miyata GLD Calorimeter Group 《Pramana》2007,69(6):1051-1056
A new sampling calorimeter using very thin scintillators and the multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) has been proposed to produce
better position resolution for the international linear collider (ILC) experiment. As part of this R&D study, small plastic
scintillators of different sizes, thickness and wrapping reflectors are systematically studied. The scintillation light due
to beta rays from a collimated 90Sr source are collected from the scintillator by wavelength-shifting (WLS) fiber and converted into electrical signals at
the PMT.
The wrapped scintillator that gives the best light yield is determined by comparing the measured pulse height of each 10 ×
40 × 2 mm strip scintillator covered with 3M reflective mirror film, teflon, white paint, black tape, gold, aluminum and white
paint+teflon. The pulse height dependence on position, length and thickness of the 3M reflective mirror film and teflon wrapped
scintillators are measured.
Results show that the 3M radiant mirror film-wrapped scintillator has the greatest light yield with an average of 9.2 photoelectrons.
It is observed that light yield slightly increases with scintillator length, but increases to about 100% when WLS fiber diameter
is increased from 1.0 mm to 1.6 mm. The position dependence measurement along the strip scintillator showed the uniformity
of light transmission from the sensor to the PMT. A dip across the strip is observed which is 40% of the maximum pulse height.
The block type scintillator pulse height, on the other hand, is found to be almost proportional to scintillator thickness.
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针对低强度射线成像,自主研制了一种像元为0.1 mm高探测效率的液闪阵列屏.为此,基于倾斜刀口边缘响应的测量原理,建立了理论模拟方法和实验研究方法,对该液闪阵列屏开展了空间分辨性能研究.通过理论模拟,给出了液闪阵列屏在14 MeV中子和1.25 MeV伽马射线激发下的调制传递函数,并与像元为0.1,0.3和0.5 mm的闪烁纤维阵列屏进行了理论对比.在60Co伽马射线源上,对液闪阵列屏和像元为0.3和0.5 mm的两种国产闪烁纤维阵列屏进行了调制传递函数实测研究.理论模拟和实验结果一致,均表明液闪阵列的空间特性优于闪烁纤维阵列屏,而且具有更好的均匀性,对1.25 MeV伽马,空间分辨接近0.9 lp/mm,而其他两种纤维阵列屏仅达到0.5 lp/mm,对于14 MeV中子,液闪阵列屏的空间分辨可达到1.8 lp/mm. 相似文献
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研究了基于硅光电倍增管(SiPM)双端读出的面积为10 cm ×10 cm的薄塑料闪烁体探测器的时间性能。239Pu放射源测试结果显示:(1)在多支SiPM串连读出方式下,随着SiPM数量的增加,探测器时间分辨逐渐变好;(2)在固定12支SiPM数量不变的情况下,并联支路越多,探测器时间分辨越差;(3)采用快时间塑料闪烁体并增加其厚度,可有效提高探测器时间分辨;(4)采用比束斑尺寸更大的塑料闪烁体,可有效提高探测器时间分辨的位置均匀性;(5)对于1 mm厚的EJ232塑料闪烁体探测器,在单端12支SiPM串行连接的情况下,可获得好于131 ps的时间分辨。这一研究对RIBLL2起始时间探测器的升级改造具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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ZHANG Tian-Bao ZHU Yu-Can WANG Hai-Dong WANG Ya-Dong REN Shao-Xia XIAO Hong ZHANG Jin 《中国物理C(英文版)》1991,15(6):481-485
BaF2(La) crystal has been grown with 1% mole of BaF3 doped in BaF2 and the scintillation properties of the new crystal have been investigated before and after a γ irradiation of 60Co source.The radiation resistance of the domestic crystal can be up to a dose of 106 rad.Comparing with a pure BaF2 scintillator,it was found that the fast component of the BaF2(La) scintillator was almost no change but its slow component was suppressed to a factor of 4. 相似文献
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利用标准放射伽玛源(22Na,137Cs)测量了尺寸为Φ5.08 cm×2.54 cm的BC501A中子探测器的脉冲幅度谱,并利用MCNP软件进行了模拟,详细考虑了探测器的几何尺寸、材料、以及能量分辨函数,计算结果很好地再现了实验数据,精确地确定了康普顿边缘的位置,完成了BC501A中子探测器的能量刻度。并采用14.8 MeV的T(d,n)4He中子源对聚乙烯样品开展了中子学积分实验,结果表明,BC501 A中子探测器的能量刻度过程以及聚乙烯中子学积分实验数据的处理过程是完全合理并且可靠的。The pulse-height spectra of the BC501A scintillator (Φ5.08 cm×2.54 cm) were measured using 22Na, 137Cs γ-ray source, in which MCNP simulation was applied. The simulated pulse-height spectra show a good agreement with the measured data considering the geometry, material and energy resolution function of the scintillator. The position of the Compton edge has been precisely determined and an accurate energy calibration of BC501A scintillator was also achieved. An neutronics integral experiment of polythene with 14.8 MeV T(d, n)4He neutron source was carried out. The results indicate that the procedures of the energy calibration experiment of BC501A scintillator and the data analyzing in the polythene integral experiment are reasonable and reliable. 相似文献
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采用蒙特卡罗模拟计算的方法,标定能够适用于不同HPGe探测器上的体源虚拟点源位置,需要对点源、体源的探测效率进行模拟计算。通过241Am、137Cs、60Co点源和体源研究了HPGe晶体尺寸、类型对它们的虚拟点源位置的影响,模拟结果表明241Am虚拟点源位置随着探测器尺寸、类型的不同呈现明显的差异性,说明虚拟刻度原理对于探测器表面的小体积样品测量在低能区间是不可取的,最后采用137Cs、60Co源得出体源高度与虚拟点源位置的半经验公式。通过实验室两台HPGe探测系统对尺寸Φ70 mm×65 mm标准土壤体源的探测效率进行计算,与模拟探测效率值、虚拟点源效率表征结果对比分析,验证了拟合一组表征虚拟点源位置的半经验公式是可行的。实验结果表明,对γ能量区间在300~2 000 keV进行体源的虚拟刻度时,选择可靠的定标源即可建立体源和虚拟点源位置的关系。这为解决监测工作中样品与探测器之间重复进行探测效率校准的问题提供了新的途径。 相似文献
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A scintillation counting system has been constructed with the use of BC-400 and EJ-212 series plastic scintillators along with a subminiature photomultiplier tube to investigate the effect of increasing plastic scintillator thickness on system-integrated counts. Measurements have been carried out using four different gamma sources with different energies ranging from 6 keV to 1.332 MeV and a Ni-63 beta source with a maximum energy of 66 keV. Scintillator thicknesses ranged from 10 μm to 2500 μm. The response of the system was determined by measuring the integrated counts as a function of scintillator thickness. These experimental findings were used to empirically determine the optimum thickness of scintillator material with which to build a low energy beta detector which discriminates against high energy gamma photons in a mixed radiation field environment. 相似文献