面向新工科建设的催化化学课程思政教学设计

催化类课程是化学化工类工科专业重要的主干专业课之一,也是这些传统工科专业进行新工科更新改造过程中实现立德树人、全方位协同育人的重要渠道。本文基于课程目标,通过深入挖掘催化化学课程教学内容中蕴含的思政元素,密切与催化学科知识点、工业实践、科技发展前沿及社会热点相结合,详细构思和设计了催化化学课程思政教学案例,并借助多种形式渗透到具体教学过程中。旨在实现知识传授与价值观引领同频共振,在化学化工类专业学生培养过程中充分发挥催化类专业课程的德育载体作用,为培养理论联系实际、知行合一、学以致用的新工科人才提供强有力的支撑。     

新工科背景下分离工程课程改革与实践

基于新工科理念,针对传统分离工程课程存在的“师资队伍综合素质与能力未高度契合新工科建设要求”“教学模式重知识、轻学生能力培养与价值塑造”“课程整体设计与新经济、新产业、新技术结合不紧密”等痛点问题,结合新工科建设的内涵,通过建设高水平师资队伍、深化课程思政、编写国际认证教材、夯实科教融合、创新教学方法、拓展全英语教学、完善多元化评价体系和“多回路”持续改进机制等措施进行了课程改革与实践。拓宽了学生国际视野,强化了其高阶思维、多元综合的工程能力和工程素养的培养。     

提升教学设计内涵 构建有趣有料的“大学化学”绪论课*

在“新工科”建设的背景下,对于核心基础课绪论章节的内涵式教学设计势在必行。以“大学化学”课程为例,通过化学简史讲过去、诺贝尔化学奖展现在、化学学科分支谈内容、化学与生活激兴趣、中国化学家故事讲思政和课程要求讲考核等教学设计,深挖核心基础课的绪论章节的内涵。具有内涵的绪论课,不但可以激发学生学习化学兴趣,有助于培养学生化学思维解决问题的能力,而且可以将课程思政润物细无声切入,培养具有家国情怀和民族自豪感的航空航天领域人才。     

工程教育认证背景下课程思政融入模式探索与实践——以《聚合物成型加工原理》课程为例

在工程教育认证新形势下,以聚合物成型加工原理课程为例,引入"社会主义核心价值观"德育元素与本专业课程有机融入,从课程教学内容到教学方法等方面对专业课开展思政教育进行探索和实践.将课程思政与高分子材料专业人才培养目标、新工科工程教育认证、本地新材料产业发展以及贵阳学院办学定位有机融合,坚持专业课知识传授与价值引领相结合,...     

基于文化自信的中外合作办学学科基础课“General Chemistry”课程思政建设探索与实践

“General Chemistry”是面向中外合作办学工科专业学生开设的一门学科基础课。为了提升教学质量,课程引入国外经典教材,在教学过程中面临外来文化的冲击和文化自信缺失的风险。因此,必须通过“General Chemistry”课程思政教学提升学生对自身文化的深度认同。本文中,“General Chemistry”课程思政建设坚持文化自信理念,积极挖掘中国思政元素,将中外思政元素合理融入到教学的每一个环节,不断助推课程思政教学内涵式发展,打造课程思政高效课堂,取得了较好的育人成效。     

有机化学双语教学的课程思政探讨

课程思政在满足教育需求的同时,需要结合学科发展特点发掘思政新元素。本文介绍了南京大学有机化学双语教学团队在课程思政改革中取得的阶段性成绩,探讨在基础有机化学双语教学课堂中引入中国有机化学家贡献的必要性,对增强学生文化自信、提升课程学习兴趣、塑造科学精神与品质和培养爱国主义情怀等方面有积极作用。     

基于新工科内涵的环境化学课程建设*

为了提高环境类人才实践与创新能力,重构了符合新工科理念的环境化学“素养、能力、知识”一体化课程目标;基于科研反哺课程内容增补了新工科元素“环境计算化学——化学品构效关系;基于线上线下混合式构建了“三三三”教学模式,进行了多元化过程考核方式探索,教学设计强化了学生的能力培养与价值塑造。课程建设实践表明,学生的学习获得感与其课堂参与度呈现正相关,基于身边老师的科研反哺和前沿拓展,更能激发学生的应用挑战兴趣,促进提升实践能力和创新能力。环境化学课程实现了全方位新工科内涵式建设,以期为环境工程专业的新工科升级改造提供借鉴。     

对标新工科无机材料合成方法课程改革实践

为顺应新工科人才培养的需求，对无机材料合成方法课程进行了改革探索。结合本专业光电功能材料研究特色，整合教学内容；采用对分课堂教学模式和多途径实践教学，提升学生创新思维、综合能力和实践能力；多角度融入思政元素，增强学生的家国情怀；细化采分点，突出过程性评价。该改革实践对同类课程建设具有借鉴意义。     

基于“化学学习共同体”理念的医学基础化学课程思政教学探索与实践

通过构建师师、师生、生生化学学习共同体,在课程教学中紧密结合化学知识点引入课程思政,从医德、哲学等方面深度培养医学生大爱情怀、处理问题、敬业奉献等精神,同时培养教师创新思维、强化课程教育能力。并从过程性考核、课程思政成效、调查问卷和主观反馈等方面对课程思政实施效果进行多角度全方位评价,为其他课程融入思政元素、践行“立德树人”根本任务提供借鉴和参考。     

《聚合物合成原理及工艺学》的课程“痛点”分析及解决方法

在新工科建设中，部分工科核心课程的教学面临学生普遍认为下车间是低级工作的想法而导致的学习抵触情绪，以及课程内容抽象性强、知识发散、内容枯燥、工艺陈旧等问题。本文以高分子材料与工程专业的核心课程《聚合物合成原理及工艺学》为例，分析了该课程的“痛点”,并针对性地提出了有效解决办法，使得该课程总体目标达成度、学生工程意识和解决工程问题的能力得到明显提高，为培养“下得去、上得来、懂技术、懂管理”的新型工科人才提供了借鉴。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

Investigation of Kinetics of Solid-Phase Synthesis of Lithium Orthosilicate

The kinetics of the interaction between lithium carbonate and silica with various degrees of dispersion was investigated by TG and DTA methods. It was found that the utilization of pyrogenic silica with a specific surface area of about 300 m²g^-1 instead of aerosil with one of 175 m²g^-1 leads to an increase of the reaction rate between lithium carbonate and silica, which depends on the formation and growth of lithium orthosilicate crystals in the first stage, and is conditioned by the diffusion of lithium and oxygen ions through the lithium orthosilicate layer formed at temperatures above 800 K. This supposition is supported by the kinetic analysis results obtained with the use of the different models. The optimal regime of heating is recommended. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

小环化合物中饱和碳质子化学位移的计算

小环化合物由于其张力、构型、构象和各向异性效应等原因,环碳上质子化学位移缺乏规律性,难以预测,对此作者曾提出一种近似算法。本文根据303种小环化合物中饱和碳质子的化学位移实验数据,将适于计算这类质子化学位移的公式表述为:     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.