用飞行时间二次离子质谱法分析模塑料成分

用飞行时间二次离子质谱（ＴＯＦ－ＳＩＭＳ）结合银离化的方法研究了集成电路封装中常用的环氧模塑料的两种主要成分：邻甲酚环氧树脂和线型酚醛树脂。测得ｎ＝０～４的环氧树脂分子及相应的水解成分和ｎ＝１～７的酚醛树脂分子。碎片离子中除了芳香化合物的特征碎片外,还有反映树脂结构的碎片。通过对环氧树脂银离化碎片离子的分析,推断中间苯环上的侧链是最可能断裂的     

飞行时间二次离子质谱(TOF-SIMS)结合化学衍生法分析杂环新化合物的结构

飞行时间二次离子质谱(TOF-SIMS)分析了难挥发的杂环新化合物咪唑啉硫氰酸盐及其三种衍生物, 确认出很强的氢离化及银离化准分子离子峰, 通过对各种衍生物谱图的对照分析, 确认出较强的含有结构特征的碎片离子峰, 并对该化合物在离子轰击下的裂解规律作了分析, 支持了对该新化合物结构的鉴定。     

飞行时间二次离子质谱(TOF-SIMS)结合化学衍生法分析杂环新化合物的结构

飞行时间二次离子质谱(TOF-SIMS)分析了难挥发的杂环新化合物咪唑啉硫氰酸盐及其三种衍生物,确认出很强的氢离化及银离化准分子离子峰,通过对各种衍生物谱图的对照分析,确认出较强的含有结构特征的碎片离子峰,并对该化合物在离子轰击下的裂解规律作了分析,支持了对该新化合物结构的鉴定.     

高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱质谱法鉴定人尿中奥美拉唑代谢物

应用高效液相色谱－电喷雾离子阱质谱法鉴定了人口服奥美拉唑（OPZ）后0－6h内尿中的代谢物。尿中代谢物经富集后，应用高效液相色谱法分离，然后在线进行选择离子扫描（SIM）、二级碎片离子全扫描（full scan MS^2)和三级碎片离子全扫描（full scan MS^3)，进行对尿中微量的烷烃羟基化、O－脱烷烃化、硫氧化和还原以及葡萄糖醛酸化和硫酸化的9种代谢物进行了质谱解析。     

α-呋喃酯类化合物在EI电离条件下的质谱特征

总结和归属了α－呋喃甲酸酯、α－呋喃甲醇酯、α－呋喃丙烯酸酯以及α－呋喃环在电子电离质谱（ＥＩＭＳ）中的主要裂解方式和特征,给出各化合物主要碎片离子的来源和结构。上述３类不同α－呋喃酯在ＥＩＭＳ中的基峰离子分别为９５、８１和１２１。α－呋喃离子是３类α－呋喃酯的共同碎片离子,由其裂解产生的２９、３８和４１的碎片离子也是３类α－呋喃酯的共同特征离子     

快原子轰击和电喷雾电离质谱表征烷基苯磺酸盐

用负离子化快原子轰击（ＦＡＢ）和电喷雾电离（ＥＳＩ）质谱并结合碰撞活化解离（ＣＡＤ）质谱方法对烷基苯磺酸盐（ＡＢＳ）进行鉴定。试样在负离子电喷雾电离（ＥＳＩ）过程中不产生碎片峰,但是在ＦＡＢ过程中产生许多碎片、比较这些谱图,就可以区别碎片峰和分子离子峰。线性或支化烷基苯磺酸盐的结构与相对含量可以在离子ＥＳＩ／ＣＡＤ－ＭＳ方法中得到。负离子ＥＳＩ－ＭＳ是快速、有效和可靠的鉴定ＡＢＳ的方法。     

C_（60）与某些有机小分子的气相离子－分子反应

Ｃ_（６０）与某些有机小分子的气相离子－分子反应中国科学院长春应化所刘淑莹教授等发现气相Ｃ６。在化学电离质谱中分别与３种氯代甲烷和４种氯代乙烷的分子离子及其碎片离子发生气相离子－分子反应，观察到Ｃ。０的几十种气相加合离子（其中大多数为含氯原子的）。通?..     

2—羟基—4—邻苯二甲酰亚胺基丁酸的氢迁移反应

在甲烷为反应气的化学电离质谱条件下，质子化的２－羟基－４－邻苯二甲酰亚胺基丁酸的单分子质谱碎裂产生了ｍ／ｚ１４８的碎片离子，表明其碎裂过程发生了氢迁移反应，ＡＭ在分子轨道的理论计算结果为可能的质子化位置提供了理论依据；建立在氘代同位素标记和碰撞诱导解离实验的基础上，我们提出此离子的形成可能同时存在单氢迁移和双氢迁移，一些质谱图中的物征碎片中离子为可能的ＭｃＬａｆｆｅｒｔｙ重排和离子／中性（碎片）复     

1,4-二氧六环和氨分子氢键团簇的从头算

在不同基组水平上,对１,４－二氧六环和氨分子氢键团簇体系进行了从头算分子转道法研究,优化得到中性团簇,离子团簇和碎片离子（质子化团簇离子和非质子化团簇离子）平衡几何构型,研究结果表明：中性团簇最稳定构型为Ｒ－ＨＮ２－ＨＮＮ２（Ｒ：１,４－二氧六环）,离子团簇由于发生质子转移,其构型与中 团簇有较大的淡同,两类碎片离子Ｒ（ＮＨ３）＋和Ｒ（ＮＨ３）Ｈ＾＋与中性团簇Ｒ（ＮＨ３）的结构也有所不同     

烷基苯磺酸盐的电喷雾离子化质谱和碰撞活化解离质谱－质谱分析

用正,负电喷雾电离（ESI）并结合碰撞活化解离（CAD）质谱法对烷基苯磺酸盐（ABS）进行鉴定,无论正,负离子化过程中均不出现快原子轰击质谱常见的碎片峰,由于没有复杂碎片峰的干扰,ESI－MS对分析ABS试样大为有利,正离子ESI－MS对支化ABS鉴定的灵敏度远低于负离子ESI－MS,用CAD－MS对ESI－ME谱各主要峰进行了归属,线型与支化ABS相对含量可以用负离子ESI－MS求出,负离子化ESI－MS是快速,有效和可靠的鉴定,ABS的方法。     

Relation between electrophoretic behavior and molecular shapes of aromatic anions.

The capillary electrophoretic behavior of 44 aromatic organic ions was investigated. The observed ionic radii (r(obs0)) for the aromatic organic ions were obtained from the electrophoretic mobilities of sodium tetraborate (pH 9.2), potassium tetraborate (pH 9.2), ammonium borate (pH 9.2), and trisodium phosphate (pH 11.7) buffers with zero ionic strength. The linear relationships between the r(obs0)) values and the ionic radii (r(calc)), calculated by either the AM1 or PM3 method, were determined for benzyltrialkylammonium and aromatic sulfonate ions. However, the r(obs0)) values were constant for the aromatic carboxylate ions in buffers, in spite of the different r(calc) values. This indicates that aromatic carboxylate ions, such as benzenecarboxylate, pyridinecarboxylate, naphthalenecarboxylate, and anthracenecarboxylate ions, migrate as planar ions in buffers, whereas aromatic sulfonate ions could migrate as approximately spherical ions.     

Atmospheric-pressure ionization studies and field dependence of ion mobilities of isomeric hydrocarbons using a miniature differential mobility spectrometer

The ionization pathways and ion mobility were determined for sets of structural isomeric and stereoisomeric non-polar hydrocarbons (saturated and unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons) using a novel miniature differential mobility spectrometer with atmospheric-pressure photoionization (APPI) to assess how structural and stereochemical differences influence ion formation and ion mobility. The analytical results obtained using the differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) were compared with the reduced mobility values measured using conventional time-of-flight ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) with the same ionization technique.The majority of differences in DMS ion mobility spectra observed among isomeric cyclic hydrocarbons can be explained by the formation of different product ions. Comparable differences in ion formation were also observed using conventional IMS and by investigations using the coupling of ion mobility spectrometry with mass spectrometry (APPI-IMS-MS) and APPI-MS. Using DMS, isomeric aromatic hydrocarbons can in the majority of cases be distinguished by the different behavior of product ions in the strong asymmetric radio frequency (rf) electric field of the drift channel. The different peak position of product ions depending on the electric field amplitude permits the differentiation between most of the investigated isomeric aromatics with a different constitution; this stands in contrast to conventional IMS in which comparable reduced mobility values were detected for the isomeric aromatic compounds.     

Argentivorous Molecules: Structural Evidence for Ag(+)-π Interactions in Solution

Tetra-armed cyclens bearing aromatic side arms were prepared by the reductive amination of cyclen with substituted benzaldehydes. When equimolar amounts of Ag(+) ions were added to the ligands, the aromatic rings covered the Ag(+) ions incorporated in the ligand cavities, as if the aromatic ring "petals" caught the Ag(+) ions in the way an insectivorous plant (Venus flytrap) catches insects. The ligands are called "argentivorous molecules". Evidence of intramolecular Ag(+)-π interactions in solution and in the solid state is reported.     

Influences of peptide side chains on the metal ion binding site in metal ion-cationized peptides: Participation of aromatic rings in metal chelation

Aromatic side chains on amino acids influence the fragmentations of cationic complexes of doubly charged metal ions and singly deprotonated peptides. The metal ion interacts with an aromatic side chain and binds to adjacent amide nitrogens. When fragmentation occurs, this bonding leads to the formation of abundant metal-containing a-type ions by reactions that occur at the sites of amino acids that contain the aromatic side chain. Furthermore, formation of metal-containing immonium ions of the amino acids that contain the aromatic side chain also are formed. The abundant a-type ions may be useful in interpretation strategies in which it is necessary to locate in a peptide the position of an amino acid that bears an aromatic side chain.     

大港减压渣油超临界萃取萃余残渣结构特征研究

〗通过超临界萃取方法对大港减压渣油进行深度窄馏分切割,利用钌离子催化氧化（RICO）对其抽余残渣进行选择性降解,对降解生成的混合物进行分离,其中非挥发性羧酸进行甲酯化处理,挥发性羧酸进行苯甲酰甲酯化,最后分别利用GC-MS等方法进行定性定量分析。结果表明,大港减压渣油超临界萃取萃余残渣分子中含有大量与芳环相连的正构烷基侧链和桥接芳环的聚亚甲基链,芳环的缩合程度小于利用结构族组成等分析方法分析大港减压渣油沥青质得到的结果。大港减压渣油超临界萃取萃余残渣的共价结构信息可对该原料的加工和优化利用提供指导。     

Investigation of synthetic hosts that model cation-pi sites found at protein binding domains

Small cyclophanes containing aromatic groups and dialkyl ammonium ions were created as model systems of the cation-pi complexes found at some protein binding domains. The hosts had different shapes in order to investigate the effect the arrangement of ammonium ions to aromatic surfaces has on their reactivity. pK(a) values of the hosts were substantially different in DMSO or (95/5) DMSO/D(2)O solutions, which showed that the ions existed in different environments of the hosts. Electrostatic charges, as determined by density functional calculations, revealed that the magnitude of a cationic charge depends on its position relative to an aromatic ring. Association constants of the hosts bound to the sodium salt of N-acetyl phenylalanine in d(6)-DMSO and in (95/5) d(6)-DMSO/D(2)O solutions were inversely proportional to the magnitude of the hosts' acidity constants. These results suggest that the magnitude of the positive charge for cationic groups of cation-pi complexes is reduced by being associated with electron-rich faces of aromatic rings. The aromatic rings, however, lessen the desolvation penalty that must be overcome for ligand binding, giving an overall more favorable association.     

Laser desorption/fourier transform mass spectra of poly(phenylene sulfide), polyaniline,poly(vinyl phenol), polypyrene,and related oligomers: Evidence for carbon clusters and feasibility of physical dimension measurement

Laser desorption/Fourier transform mass spectra of poly(phenylene sulfide), polyaniline, poly(vinyl phenol), polypyrene, poly(p-phenylene), poly(1-methyl-2,5-pyrrolylene), poly(1-phenyl-2,5-pyrrolylene), and poly(2,5-thienylene) are compared. Poly(phenylene sulfide) fragments at C? S bonds during analysis, but rearrangement is minor. Evidence is found for dibenzothiophene moieties within the polymer chains. Unambiguous determination of the structure of polyaniline is not possible. Rearrangement appears to accompany chain scission. Completely aromatic polymers do not undergo similar reactions during analysis. Species with more carbons than can be accounted for by an integer multiple of six-membered rings arise from side reactions during dehydrocoupling of aromatic monomers. Carbon clusters, which are observed in the spectra of some aromatic polymers, appear to arise from laser volatilization and multiphoton ionization of large polynuclear components that are formed during synthesis. Negative ions of about 40–120 carbons and positive ions with about 120–400 atoms are detected. The results also suggest that the physical dimensions of some polymer molecules might be measured by Fourier transform mass spectrometry.     

A novel stir bar sorptive extraction coating based on monolithic material for apolar, polar organic compounds and heavy metal ions

In this study, a novel stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) based on monolithic material (SBSEM) was prepared. The monolithic material was obtained by in situ copolymerization of vinylpyrrolidone and divinylbenzene in the presence of a porogen solvent containing cyclohexanol and 1-dodecanol with azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The influences of polymerization conditions on the extraction efficiencies were investigated, using phenol and p-nitrophenol as detected solutes. The monolithic material was characterized by various techniques, such as elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry, infrared spectroscopy. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were used to investigate the extraction efficiencies of SBSEM for apolar analytes. Hormones, aromatic amines and phenols were selected as test analytes to investigate the extraction efficiencies of SBSEM for weakly and strongly polar compounds. The results showed that the new SBSEM could enrich the above-mentioned organic compounds effectively. It is worthy to mention that the SBSEM can enrich some heavy metal ions, such as Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cr³⁺ and Cd²⁺, through coordination adsorption. To our best knowledge, that is the first to use SBSE to enrich heavy metal ions.     

Differentiation of isomeric C8-substituted alkylaniline adducts of guanine by electrospray ionization and tandem quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry

Product ion spectra from thirteen C8-substituted alkylaniline adducts of guanine and deoxyguanosine were generated using electrospray ionization and quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry and studied to investigate the possibility of differentiating isomeric adduct structures based upon the relative abundances of fragment ions derived from the alkylaniline-modified guanine bases (BH₂⁺ ions). The structural discrimination of the BH₂⁺ ions formed by attachment of isomeric alkylanilines to the C8 position of guanine is a challenging problem because the ions tend to yield product ion spectra that are qualitatively identical upon collisional activation. In this study, a statistical method, referred to as a similarity index, was used to compare the product ion spectra of isomeric BH₂⁺ ions and differentiate their structures. All the adducts investigated could be distinguished from SIs calculated using 5–6 product ions. These results suggest that a searchable database of product ion spectra may be created and used to characterize DNA adducts from aromatic amines whenever they are detected at levels amenable to mass spectral analysis.     

Structural characterization of sulfonated azo dyes using liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry/tandem mass spectrometry

Eight monosulfonated and disulfonated azo dyes were analyzed using liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry/tandem mass spectrometry, in the negative ion mode, under low-energy collision conditions (110–150 eV). Many structurally characteristic fragment ions were obtained, several of which have not been reported previously using other mass spectrometric techniques. Among the structurally important ions observed were those due to loss of SO₂, SO₃ and various aromatic substituents, such as NO₂ and NHCOCH₃. Losses of N₂ were also proposed. In addition, product ions due to cleavage at the azo linkage were observed, and also SO₃^? and HSO₃^? ions. Several of the azo cleavage product ions detected did not contain sulfonate groups. Possible pathways for the formation of product ions are proposed. The structural information obtained should help to better characterize and identify sulfonated azo dyes in the future.