二苯乙炔类MRI分子探针的合成

以4-取代苯乙酮为起始原料,经过Vilsmeier反应和Sonogashira偶联反应合成了可用作潜在阿尔茨海默病MRI分子探针的2-(2-氟-5-吡啶基)取代苯乙炔(1a～1c)和2-对氟苯基(取代)苯乙炔(1d～1f),其结构经1HNMR,13CNMR和IR表征。其中1a～1c和1f未见文献报导。     

4,4′-二乙炔二苯甲烷与苯乙炔的共聚及共聚物的表征研究

 本文做了4,4′-二乙炔二苯甲烷的本体热均聚和催化均聚,并用(Ph₃P)₂PdCl₂为催化剂做了4,4′-二乙炔二苯甲烷与苯乙炔的共聚,对均聚和共聚物中的不溶不熔组分测定了密度、溶胀度、Huggins参数以及交联点间的平均分子量M_c。实验表明,该交联聚合物的最良溶剂是四氢呋喃,溶度参数为9.9ca1^0.5。cm^-1.5,当用四氢呋喃为溶剂时的Huggins参数为0.34,并且在单体摩尔比中4,4′-二乙炔二苯甲烷用量越多,溶胀度越小,交联度越大。红外光谱分析表明,所有均聚及共聚物都为反式结构。     

4,4′-二乙炔二苯甲烷与苯乙炔的共聚及共聚物的表征研究

本文做了4,4′-二乙炔二苯甲烷的本体热均聚和催化均聚,并用(Ph_3P)_2PdCl_2为催化剂做了4,4′-二乙炔二苯甲烷与苯乙炔的共聚,对均聚和共聚物中的不溶不熔组分测定了密度、溶胀度、Huggins参数以及交联点间的平均分子量(?)_c。实验表明,该交联聚合物的最良溶剂是四氢呋喃,溶度参数为9.9ca1~0.5。cm~(-1.5),当用四氢呋喃为溶剂时的Huggins参数为0.34,并且在单体摩尔比中4,4′-二乙炔二苯甲烷用量越多,溶胀度越小,交联度越大。红外光谱分析表明,所有均聚及共聚物都为反式结构。     

含二茂铁齐聚苯乙炔分子导线的合成

通过二碘代二茂铁与不同炔化物进行Sonogashira偶联反应,合成了3种新颖的含有二茂铁单元的苯乙炔齐聚物,用1H NMR、13C NMR和MS测试技术分别对其结构进行了表征。 并借助量子化学计算对3种分子的电子结构进行了预测,结果显示,该类型分子导线具有不同于其它类型苯乙炔齐聚物的LUMO能级持续衰减特征,因此极有可能具备极为优良的电子传输性能。     

单分子器件电子输运性质的理论研究

对当前单分子器件的理论和实验的研究进展作了简短评述,并简要介绍电子输运理论,最后给出一个基于非平衡态格林函数电子输运理论的全自洽方法,研究单个水分子在Au(111)电极之间的输运性质的计算实例.研究结果表明由于水分子与电极之间存在较强的杂化作用,水分子的分立能级间距大,在小偏压范围内,水分子的特征已经被淹没在杂化能级之中.体系的电势变化主要发生在水分子局域区间,其电子输运行为主要是一个单通道过程.     

二苯乙炔类液晶的合成

以碘代烷基苯（或联苯）与烷基苯乙炔为中间体，采用二价镍为催化剂的方法合成了二苯乙炔类液晶化合物。其相变过程通过差热分析测试，该类化合物表现出优良的液晶性能。     

有机及金属有机苯乙炔树状分子体系的非线性光学性质的理论研究

应用密度泛函理论研究了一系列有机及金属有机苯乙炔树状分子的激发态性质和非线性光学性质。计算的电子吸收光谱显示这些树状分子均在低能区域有一个最强的吸收;此外,金属有机体系的吸收光谱和有机体系相比发生了明显的红移。响应性质的计算结果表明共轭体系的扩展和金属有机基团的引入都使得苯乙炔树状分子的非线性光学极化率显著增加,尤其是含Ru体系,其β和γ值呈数量级增长。对于有机体系和含Pd体系,发生在共轭体系内部的π→π*电荷跃迁是产生分子一阶和二阶超极化率的主要原因。而含Ru体系相当大的非线性响应则主要起源于Ru的轨道到共轭体系的π*的跃迁,同时与Ru相邻的C≡C到共轭体系的π→π*跃迁起着辅助贡献。     

CO分子结点电子结构和输运性质的第一原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的非平衡态格林函数方法(NEGF), 计算了CO分子结点低偏压下的电流和电导. 通过系统透射谱、投影态密度(PDOS)以及分子自洽投影哈密顿量(MPSH)本征态的分析将透射通道与局域分子轨道联系起来, 从系统电子结构解释了其传输性质. 讨论了电荷转移对系统电导的影响.     

双马来酰亚胺改性甲基二苯乙炔基硅烷性能的研究

甲基二苯乙炔基硅烷(MDPES)是一种新型耐高温有机硅树脂,由于主链中含有硅原子单元、乙炔单元和苯基,因此具有优良的耐热性能和介电性能。经双马来酰亚胺(BMI)改性后,MDPES／BMI复合材料不仅保留了良好的耐热性能和介电性能,而且力学性能也得到了极大的改善。     

外电场作用下寡聚苯分子导线的性质

利用Hartree-Fock 方法在6-31G*水平上对聚苯分子进行了计算研究. 分别从几何构型、分子轨道空间分布和分子轨道能级三个方面讨论了外电场对寡聚苯分子导线的影响, 给出了分子导线的性质与外电场的关系. 进一步, 连接硫原子于聚苯分子的两端, 并共价结合在金电极上. 利用非平衡格林函数方法对其在0-2.0 V 偏压下电子输运特征进行了深入研究.     

低偏压下分子线电导问题得密度泛函研究

Using the non-equilibrium Green functions （NEGF） and density functional theory （DFT） method, a calculation of the transport properties of the Au-di-thiol-benzene （DTB） sandwich system was performed. The results show that both the remaining H atom at the end of the DTB molecule and the increased S-Au surface distance will decrease the electronic transport significantly. The applied bias would change the symmetry of the system electronic structure. Our result was qualitatively consistent with the experiment, but there existed a gap of three orders of magnitude, and this was attributed to the different coupling geometry between the theoretical work and the experiment.     

分子线电子输运特性的第一性原理研究

从第一性原理出发,利用密度泛函理论研究了SH-C8H16-SH分子和金表面的相互作用,并利用分子前线轨道理论和微扰理论定量地确定了该相互作用能常数,然后,利用弹性散射格林函数方法研究了该分子与金表面形成的分子线的伏-安特性.研究结果表明,当含有硫氢官能团的有机分子化学吸附于金表面时,硫原子将与金原子形成以共价键为主的混和键,此时,扩展的分子轨道使分子线的电导呈现出欧姆特性,而对于局域的分子轨道,电子的输运只能通过隧道效应来实现.对分子线伏-安特性的计算结果显示,在零偏压附近,存在一个电流禁区,随着偏压的增加,分子线的电导呈现出平台特征.     

Graphene Functionalized Graphite Electrode with Diphenylacetylene for Sensitive Electrochemical Determination of Adenosine‐5′‐triphosphate

In this paper a molecular wire modified carbon paste electrode (MW‐CPE) was firstly prepared by mixing graphite powder with diphenylacetylene (DPA). Then a graphene (GR) and chitosan (CTS) composite film was further modified on the surface of MW‐CPE to receive the graphene functionalized electrode (CTS‐GR/MW‐CPE), which was used for the sensitive electrochemical detection of adenosine‐5′‐triphosphate (ATP). The CTS‐GR/MW‐CPE exhibited excellent electrochemical performance and the electrochemical behavior of ATP on the CTS‐GR/MW‐CPE was carefully studied by cyclic voltammetry with an irreversible oxidation peak appearing at 1.369 V (vs. SCE). The electrochemical parameters such as charge transfer coefficient (α) and electrode reaction standard rate constant (k_s) were calculated with the results of 0.53 and 5.28×10^?6 s^?1, respectively. By using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) as detection technique, the oxidation peak current showed good linear relationship with ATP concentration in the range from 1.0 nM to 700.0 µM with a detection limit of 0.342 nM (3σ). The common coexisting substances, such as uric acid, ascorbic acid and guanosine‐5′‐triphosphate (GTP), showed no interferences and the modified electrode was successfully applied to injection sample detection.     

噻吩低聚物分子器件电输运特性的理论研究

Based on the first-principles computational method and the elastic scattering Green's func-tion theory, we have investigated the electronic transport properties of different oligothio-phene molecular junctions theoretically. The numerical results show that the difference of geometric symmetries of the oligothiophene molecules leads to the difference of the contact configurations between the molecule and the electrodes, which results in the difference of the coupling parameters between the molecules and electrodes as well as the delocalization properties of the molecular orbitals. Hence, the series of oligothiophene molecular junctions display unusual conductive properties on the length dependence.     

巯基偶氮苯单分子电子传输的取代基效应

用密度泛函理论B3LYP/6-31G**计算巯基偶氮苯分子及分子离子的空间构型和电子结构, 研究取代基对巯基偶氮苯单分子电子传输的影响. 结果表明, 拉电子基(—COOH、—NO2)的引入, 可以提高巯基偶氮苯单分子电子传输体系的稳定性, 使体系LUMO的离域性增高、S原子反应活性增强、HOMO-LUMO能隙显著减小, 进而降低电子传输能垒, 有利于分子电子传输. 相同取代基的分子离子比分子具有更小的HOMO-LUMO能隙, S—Au键更易形成, 金属-分子-金属结构的电子传输性更强.     

Quantum Chemical Investigations on Electron Transport Characteristics of Porphyrin and Metal-porphyrin

IntroductionRecently, great advances have been made in theresearch of molecular electronics[1,2]. Molecular de-vices based on single molecule[3—5]or molecular clus-ters[6—8], negative differential resistance[9], electro-static current switching[10—12],…     

金属/分子/金属结的电子输运机理与表征

金属/分子/金属结是分子电子学中的基本单元.根据电子的相位是否发生改变,分子结中的电子输运可以分为相干输运和非相干输运两类.在实验上,分子结的表征方法可以分为电学性质表征和非电学性质表征两类.本文借助能级图,首先对分子结的电子输运机理作了简明解释.在此基础上,结合文献报道和本课题组此前的工作,对分子结的一些常用电学表征方法,包括电流-电压特性曲线、电流-时间曲线、电导统计柱状图、转变电压谱、散粒噪声测试、非弹性电子隧道谱和热电效应法进行了介绍.     

Electrochemical Behaviors of Adenosine‐5′‐triphosphate on Molecular Wire Modified Carbon Paste Electrode and Its Sensitive Detection

A new electrochemical method was proposed for the determination of adenosine‐5′‐triphosphate (ATP) based on the electrooxidation at a molecular wire (MW) modified carbon paste electrode (CPE), which was fabricated with diphenylacetylene (DPA) as the binder. A single well‐defined irreversible oxidation peak of ATP appeared on MW‐CPE with adsorption‐controlled process and enhanced electrochemical response in a pH 3.0 Britton‐Robinson buffer solution, which was due to the presence of high conductive DPA in the electrode. The electrochemical parameters of ATP were calculated with the electron transfer coefficient (α) as 0.54, the electron transfer number (n) as 1.9, the apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (k_s) as 2.67 × 10^?5 s^?1 and the surface coverage (Γ_T) as 4.15 × 10^?10 mol cm^?2. Under the selected conditions the oxidation peak current was proportional to ATP concentration in the range from 1.0 × 10^?7 mol L^?1 to 2.0 × 10^?3 mol L^?1 with the detection limit as 1.28 × 10^?8 mol L^?1 (3σ) by sensitive differential pulse voltammetry. The proposed method showed good selectivity without the interferences of coexisting substances and was successful applied to the ATP injection samples detection.     

一维带状SnO2的电子传输性能

采用水辅助化学气相沉积法制备了结晶性好的一维带状SnO₂. 分别以小粒径锡粉和金修饰的小粒径锡粉作为反应原料制得带宽度不同的带状SnO₂, 小粒径锡粉作为反应原料能提高带状SnO₂的产率. 将所得SnO₂带和SnO₂纳米颗粒按不同比例混合配制成胶体, 采用刮涂法制备含不同比例纳米颗粒和纳米带的复合SnO₂薄膜并组装染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSCs)来评价带状SnO₂的电子输运性能. 组装的太阳能电池表现出与复合纳晶薄膜中一维SnO₂带的带宽度和所含比例密切相关的光电性能. 通过强度调制光电流谱的测量确定复合SnO₂薄膜的电子传输速率, 并进一步分析一维材料所具有的良好电子传输性能对光电流增加的贡献. 因为一维SnO₂带在复合纳晶薄膜中作为电子输运的快速通道可以加快电子的输运速度, 所以以适宜的比例添加具有合适宽度的一维SnO₂带可以明显提高太阳能电池的光电性能.