聚苯乙烯磺酸掺杂聚苯胺/蒙脱土复合材料的制备与表征

以聚苯乙烯磺酸(PSSA)为掺杂剂,插层原位聚合制得水分散性聚苯胺(PANI)/蒙脱土(MMT)复合材料.利用X射线(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、热分析(DSC)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对其进行表征,测试了复合材料的直流电导率-温度依赖关系.结果表明:蒙脱土主要是以剥离片层状分散在PSSA-PANI基体中,有效地抑制了过掺杂.蒙脱土片层使复合材料具有很好的热稳定性,明显改善了电导率的温度依赖性.     

聚苯乙烯/硅烷偶联剂修饰蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与表征

用硅烷偶联剂修饰蒙脱土，制备了聚苯乙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料，并用XRD、FTIR、TEM和TGA等对样品进行了表征，发现硅烷偶联剂对蒙脱土表面进行了良好的修饰；苯乙烯单体在蒙脱土层间的聚合导致蒙脱土片层剥离并无规分散在聚合物基体中，片层长度为100-200nm，厚度小于10nm。     

聚苯胺/离子液体/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及其导电性能研究

采用1-羧甲基-3-甲基咪唑氯化盐离子液体对钠化蒙脱土进行插层改性,然后用苯胺的盐酸溶液进行二次插层,以过硫酸铵为氧化剂,盐酸溶液为掺杂剂,使进入离子液体/蒙脱土(CMMIm/MMT)层间的苯胺(An)发生氧化聚合反应,制备了一种具有良好导电性的聚苯胺/离子液体/蒙脱土复合材料(PANI/CMMIm/MMT).用红外光谱、X-射线衍射,热重分析和DSC对样品进行了表征.结果表明当离子液体/蒙脱土用量为7.5%、盐酸浓度为1mol/L、过硫酸铵与苯胺的摩尔比为1∶1、0℃下反应6h时制备的PANI/CMMIm/MMT纳米复合材料电导率最高,达到了0.3S/cm,是相同条件下聚苯胺/钠化蒙脱土纳米复合材料电导率的2.5倍,聚苯胺的7.5倍.     

聚苯胺/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及吸波性能研究

以十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)作为乳化剂和掺杂剂,通过乳液聚合的方法制备了DBSA掺杂聚苯胺/蒙脱土(PANI-DBSA/MMT)纳米复合物,并对其微波吸收特性进行了研究.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶红外(FT-IR)和四探针测试仪对复合物进行了初步表征.结果表明,PANI-DBSA/MMT复合物中MMT层间距离明显扩大,纳米复合物中的PANI以emeraldine盐的形式存在,是一种典型的插层型纳米复合物.利用HP8722ES矢量网络分析仪测量了2 mm厚、PANI-DBSA/MMT含量为50 wt%的试样在2.0~18 GHz的复介电常数和复磁导率,经计算得到以反射损耗表示的微波吸收曲线,发现PANI-DBSA/MMT纳米复合物在9.1~12.5 GHz范围内反射损耗小于-10 dB,在11 GHz处存在的最大反射损耗为-15.8 dB.     

聚酰亚胺/蒙脱土纳米复合材料

利用插层法合成的聚酰亚胺／蒙脱土纳米复合材料相比于纯聚酰亚胺有更好的力学性能、热稳定性、气体阻隔性及更低的介电性、吸湿性和热膨胀性。是一种性能优异、具有广泛应用前途的新型有机、无机－纳米复合材料。这是因为粘土在聚酰亚胺基体中以纳米尺度均匀分散并与基体形成了强的化学结合。本文重点综述了该复合材料的制备、结构表征及性能等方面的研究,并展望该材料的应用前景。     

悬浮缩聚法制备酚醛树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料

采用悬浮缩聚方法在酸性催化剂作用下制备了酚醛树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料。以三种不同的蒙脱土：天然土、带有脂肪链季铵盐修饰蒙脱土和带有苯环基团的插层剂修饰的蒙脱土为原料制备了纳米复合材料,并考察了不同插层剂对纳米复合材料形貌的影响,发现带有苯环的插层剂修饰的蒙脱土与酚醛树脂的相容性能更好;研究了固化过程对纳米复合材料形貌的影响,XRD和TEM的结构表明固化过程可以促进带有脂肪链季铵盐修饰的蒙脱土进一步剥离,对其他两类的影响不大;此外还用TGA研究了纳米复合材料的热性能。     

聚萘并噁嗪/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与表征

用原位插层反应法地制备了聚萘并嗪 蒙脱土纳米复合材料 .采用X ray衍射 (XRD)及透射电镜(TEM)研究复合材料中蒙脱土硅酸盐片层间距 ,发现硅酸盐片层间距由 1 2 6nm扩增至 5 88nm以上 .同时研究了该复合材料的耐热性 ,并探讨了复合材料的结晶行为     

壳聚糖/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的结构与性能研究

以壳聚糖和蒙脱土为原料,将插层复合技术引入天然高分子材料进行改性,制备了壳聚糖/蒙脱土纳米复合材料.红外光谱和X射线衍射分析结果表明,壳聚糖分子已插入蒙脱土层间,形成了插层甚至部分剥离的结构.热重分析、扫描电镜和物理性能测试表明,蒙脱土的引入,大幅度地降低了壳聚糖的热分解速率,明显地提高了壳聚糖的热稳定性和力学性能,有效地抑制了壳聚糖的溶胀.     

聚氨酯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

纳米复合材料由于其纳米尺寸效应 ,表面效应以及纳米粒子与基体界面间强的相互作用 ,具有优于相同组分常规复合材料的力学 ,热学等性能 ,引起了人们的广泛关注 .用纳米材料改性聚合物 ,制备纳米复合材料是获得高性能高分子复合材料的重要方法 ,采用较多的是插层复合法 ,可分为两类 ,一是单体预先插层于层状结构填料的晶片层间 ,然后聚合 ;二是聚合物溶液或熔体直接插层于层状结构填料的晶片层间 .聚氨酯 (PU)是由多异氰酸酯与多元醇通过加聚反应而形成的高聚物 ,其重复结构单元是氨基甲酸酯链段( R2 OCONHR1NHCOO) .PU弹性体具有耐磨…     

插层聚合制备聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料及其结构性能表征

将插层聚合的概念引入烯烃聚合,制备了聚丙烯／蒙脱土（PP／MMT）纳米复合材料。X射线衍射和TEM分析结果表明,蒙脱土在聚丙烯基体中达到了纳米级的分散,动态力学性能研究结果表明,在高于Tg的温度区域内PP／MMT纳米复合材料的储能模量（E′）成倍增加,加入8％的蒙脱土（MMT）,PP／MMT的E′提高近3倍。PP／MMT的玻璃化转变温度Tg有一定程度的提高,随蒙脱土含量的增加,PP／MMT的热分解温度和热变形温度（HDT）都有大幅度提高。     

纳米聚苯胺及聚苯胺/金复合材料的制备与表征

以氯金酸(HAuCl4)为氧化剂,在两种不同无机酸(HCl和H2SO4)的掺杂下,通过调节反应体系中混合溶剂的醇水比例,用一步氧化苯胺聚合法成功制备了不同形貌的纳米聚苯胺及聚苯胺/金复合材料.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和红外光谱(FT-IR)对产物的形貌和结构进行了表征.在此基础上,进一步讨论了聚苯胺/金复合材料可能的形成机理.     

Synthesis and characterization of polyaniline/graphite conducting nanocomposites

A new method for the synthesis of exfoliated graphite and polyaniline (PANI)/graphite nanocomposites was developed. Exfoliated graphite nanosheets were prepared through the microwave irradiation and sonication of synthesized expandable graphite. The nanocomposites were fabricated via the in situ polymerization of the monomer at the presence of graphite nanosheets. The as-synthesized graphite nanosheets and PANI/graphite nanocomposite materials were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The conductivity of the PANI/graphite nanocomposites was dramatically increased over that of pure PANI. TGA indicated that the incorporation of graphite greatly improved the thermal stability of PANI. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 1972–1978, 2004     

Preparation and ferromagnetic properties of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/polyaniline core–shell nanocomposites

Magnetic Ni_0.5Zn_0.5Fe₂O₄‐crosslinked polyaniline composites with a core–shell structure were prepared in the presence of Ni_0.5Zn_0.5Fe₂O₄ magnetic powder in a toluene solution containing iron chloride as a surfactant and dopant. Structural characterization by Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy proved that Ni_0.5Zn_0.5Fe₂O₄ in the composites was responsible for the ferromagnetic behavior of the composites. The effects of the polyaniline and temperature on the magnetic properties of the Ni_0.5Zn_0.5Fe₂O₄/polyaniline composites were studied with electron paramagnetic resonance and superconducting quantum interference device techniques. A clear evolution from ferromagnetic resonance to electron paramagnetic resonance was observed as a function of temperature, which was related to the passage through the Curie point (～420 K). The magnetic properties of the resulting composites showed ferromagnetic behavior, such as high‐saturated magnetization (saturation magnetization = 35–39 emu/g), low coercive force (coercivity = 22–28 G), and low blocking temperatures (～23 K). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 2657–2664, 2006     

Preparation,morphology and electrical conductivity of polyaniline/polyoxyalkylene–montmorillonite exfoliated nanocomposites

Polyaniline (PANI)/organoclay exfoliated nanocomposites containing different organoclay contents (14–50 wt%) were prepared. PANI emeraldine base (EB) and oligomeric PANI (o‐PANI) were intercalated into montmorillonite (MMT) modified by four types of polyoxyalkylene diamine or triamine (organoclay) using N‐methyl pyrolidinone (NMP) as a solvent in the presence of 0.1 M HCl. o‐PANI and EB have been synthesized by oxidative polymerization of aniline using ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS). Infrared absorption spectra (IR) confirm the electrostatic interaction between negatively charged surface of MMT and positively charged sites in PANI. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies disclosed that the d₀₀₁ spacing between interlamellar surface disappeared at low content of the organoclay. The morphology of these materials was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Electrical conductivities of the PANI‐organoclay and o‐PANI‐organoclay nanocomposites were 1.5 × 10^?3–2 × 10^?4 and 9.5 × 10^?7–1.8 × 10^?9 S/cm, respectively depending on the ratio of PANI. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

魔芋葡甘聚糖／SiO2纳米复合物的制备与表征

用纳米SiO2为原料,以魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)为基体,采用共混法制得KGM/SiO2纳米复合物。通过傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、热重分析(TG)、透射电镜(TEM)等手段对该体系进行了表征。结果表明:由于纳米SiO2粒子的引入,KGM分子FTIR的某些特征峰的波数发生明显变化;纳米SiO2在复合物中的分散性较好;复合材料的热稳定性高于KGM薄膜;此外,复合材料的力学性能有所提高。     

聚苯胺/石墨烯涂覆型阴离子交换固定相的制备及表征

该文以聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料为涂覆材料,制备了一种涂覆型阴离子交换固定相。首先以苯胺和石墨烯为原料制备聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料,并通过物理吸附涂覆在聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球表面;然后以聚苯胺中的氮原子为反应位点,通过季铵化制备一系列具有不同交换容量的涂覆型阴离子交换固定相。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和元素分析(EA)对该涂覆型阴离子交换固定相进行表征,结果表明聚苯胺/石墨烯成功地涂覆在微球表面且发生了季铵化。通过分离常规阴离子和有机酸,对自制阴离子交换色谱柱的色谱性能进行评价。结果显示,8次季铵化的聚苯胺/石墨烯涂覆聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯阴离子交换色谱柱对常规阴离子和有机酸呈现良好的分离效果。     

Preparation and characterization of polyaniline/MMT conductive composites

Polyaniline/montmorillonite (PAn/MMT) composite material has been prepared through chemical‐oxidative polymerization by using NH₄S₂O₈ as the oxidant, and it was found that both the composites have inorganic and organic material characteristics and many outstanding performance through the copolymerization coupling of MMT and polyaniline. Infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are used to characterize the composition and structures of composite materials, as well as test the conductivity of composite materials through a four‐probe technique. The preparation conditions of PAn/MMT conducting composites are optimized. The optimal conditions have been identified for the reaction time, amount of oxidizer, concentration of HCl, and the amount of MMT. Besides, the results show that when the reaction lasts for 8 hr in the ice bath, the amount of MMT is 0.4 g/5 ml An, the mole ratio of oxidant to aniline is 1, and the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 2 M, the composite had the largest conductivity up to 11.5 S/cm. In addition, we also did an elemental analysis of the composite mechanism of PAn/MMT composites. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Preparation and characterization of polypropylene/mesoporous silica nanocomposites with confined polypropylene

Polypropylene (PP)/Ti-MCM-41 nanocomposites were prepared by isospecific propylene polymerization with Ti-MCM-41/Al(i-C₄H₉)₃ catalyst. The cross polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) ¹³C NMR spectrum of the composite was similar to that of the conventional isotactic PP, and the decrease in the pore volume of Ti-MCM-41 in the nanocomposites, as measured by N₂ adsorption, was consistent with the value calculated from the weight loss in the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) curve; both these facts attest to propylene polymerization within the mesopores of Ti-MCM-41. Alkali treatment followed by extraction with o-dichlorobenzene allows us to extract the confined PP out of the Ti-MCM-41 mesopores. Although the PP/Ti-MCM-41 nanocomposites do not exhibit a crystalline melting point, the same PP when extracted from the mesopores showed a clear melting point at 154.7 °C; this indicates that the crystallization of PP confined in mesopores is strongly hindered. For the PP polymerized within the confinement, the molecular weight (M_w) and molecular weight distribution (M_w/M_n) were 84,000 and 4.3, respectively; these values were considerably smaller than those of the PP polymerized concurrently outside the Ti-MCM-41 mesopores (M_w = 200,000–450,000, M_w/M_n = 40–75). Therefore, the confinement also has a marked effect on the molecular weight of the PP. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 3324–3332, 2003     

Physicochemical properties of hybrid guest-host nanocomposites based on polyaniline

The study concerns the influence of the method of preparation of hybrid guest-host nanocomposites based on polyaniline (a conducting polymer) on their structure, conductivity, electrochemical characteristics, electronic state, and redox activity__________Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 643–649, March, 2005.     

MnO2 /聚苯胺复合材料的制备和性能

以δ-MnO₂为前驱体,通过酸处理后引入苯胺并聚合,得到了MnO₂ /聚苯胺复合材料。经XRD分析表明,在本研究条件下,经酸处理后的δ-MnO₂晶型由δ型转变为α型,而在随后的苯胺引入及其聚合步骤中MnO₂晶型均不再改变。以200 mA·g^-1的电流进行恒电流充放电性能测试,结果显示,MnO₂ /聚苯胺复合材料的充放电容量达到160.2 mA·g^-1,与