共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 421 毫秒
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《高分子学报》2017,(2):178-199
超支化聚合物由于其独特的树枝状结构和物理化学性质,已经得到了广泛关注及应用.而基于炔类单体的点击聚合作为一类简单、高效的聚合反应已被广泛用于超支化聚合物的制备.本文对近5年利用叠氮-炔和巯基-炔点击聚合制备超支化聚合物的工作进行了简要综述.其中,Cu(I)催化的叠氮-炔点击聚合可制备1?4-立构规整的超支化聚三唑;Ru(II)催化的叠氮-炔点击聚合可制备1?5-立构规整的超支化聚三唑;活化的炔类单体和叠氮单体的无金属催化点击聚合可得到1?4-异构体含量高(高达91.7%)的超支化聚合物;而光引发?热引发及自发的巯基-炔点击聚合可制备含硫的超支化聚合物.此外,对所制备的超支化聚合物的功能和应用进行了简单介绍,最后还简单讨论了点击聚合制备超支化聚合物方面的可能发展方向. 相似文献
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茂金属催化剂的负载化 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
负载化是茂金属催化剂发展的一个新方向。本文系统地描述了茂金属负载化催化剂的主要制备方法;分析了活性中心的本质、结构以及生成机理;并且讨论了负载化对茂金属催化剂烯烃聚合性能的影响。 相似文献
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用高分子反应统计理论研究了硅酸聚合反应。利用三甲基硅烷化-气相色谱法跟踪测定了聚合反应过程中各低聚态硅酸的含量变化,得到了分子数量分数分布。该分布符合含有内环化因子校正的A4型缩聚反应统计理论,内环化反应是硅酸聚合反应的重要特征。 相似文献
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An efficient and reusable silica/dendrimer supported platinum catalyst for electron transfer reactions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A series of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) smaller than 3 nm were successfully encapsulated in dendrimer/SBA-15 organic and inorganic hybrid composite. The obtained catalysts were characterized by XPS, XRD and TEM. The results of XPS and XRD indicate the existence of Pt NPs in the hybrid matrix. TEM images display the Pt NPs with narrow size distribution are monodispersed in SBA-15 channels. Catalytic property of the supported Pt catalysts was investigated in inorganic (ferricyanide to ferrocyanide by thiosulfate) and organic (p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol by sodium borohydride) electron transfer (redox) reactions. In both cases, the reduction reactions followed smoothly and the catalysts showed excellent catalytic activity. Moreover, the catalysts can be easily separated and reused several times preserving good catalytic performance. 相似文献
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Julien Warnan Erwin Reisner 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(40):17344-17354
From the understanding of biological processes and metalloenzymes to the development of inorganic catalysts, electro‐ and photocatalytic systems for fuel generation have evolved considerably during the last decades. Recently, organic and hybrid organic systems have emerged to challenge the classical inorganic structures through their enormous chemical diversity and modularity that led earlier to their success in organic (opto)electronics. This Minireview describes recent advances in the design of synthetic organic architectures and promising strategies toward (solar) fuel synthesis, highlighting progress on materials from organic ligands and chromophores to conjugated polymers and covalent organic frameworks. 相似文献
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Zhang L Abbenhuis HC Gerritsen G Bhriain NN Magusin PC Mezari B Han W van Santen RA Yang Q Li C 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2007,13(4):1210-1221
A novel interfacial hybrid epoxidation catalyst was designed with a new immobilization method for homogeneous catalysts by coating an inorganic support with an organic polymer film containing active sites. The titanium silsesquioxane (TiPOSS) complex, which contains a single-site titanium active center, was immobilized successfully by in-situ copolymerization on a mesoporous SBA-15-supported polystyrene polymer. The resulting hybrid materials exhibit attractive textural properties (highly ordered mesostructure, large specific surface area (>380 m2 g-1) and pore volume (>or==0.46 cm3 g-1)), and high activity in the epoxidation of alkenes. In the epoxidation of cyclooctene with tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP), the hybrid catalysts have rate constants comparable with that of their homogeneous counterpart, and can be recycled at least seven times. They can also catalyze the epoxidation of cyclooctene with aqueous H2O2 as the oxidant. In two-phase reaction media, the catalysts show much higher activity than their homogeneous counterpart due to the hydrophobic environment around the active centers. They behave as interfacial catalysts due to their multifunctionality, that is, the hydrophobicity of polystyrene and the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), and the hydrophilicity of the silica and the mesoporous structure. Combination of the immobilization of homogeneous catalysts on two conventional supports, inorganic solid and organic polymer, is demonstrated to achieve novel heterogeneous catalytic ensembles with the merits of attractive textural properties, tunable surface properties, and optimized environments around the active sites. 相似文献
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将苯乙烯-苯乙烯基膦酸共聚物、 二水合醋酸锌和磷酸二氢铵在温和的条件下反应, 通过调节无机磷酸盐和有机膦酸的比例, 合成了一系列有机聚合物-无机杂化材料聚(苯乙烯-苯乙烯基膦酸)-磷酸锌铵. 通过FTIR, TG, XRD, SEM和TEM等手段对其进行表征并测试了其催化性能. 结果表明, 聚(苯乙烯-苯乙烯基膦酸)-磷酸锌铵是一种新型层状晶态的有机聚合物-无机杂化材料, 具有较高的热稳定性和特殊的多孔结构. 将其作为催化剂载体, 以芳香二胺作为连接基团, 轴向固载手性Salen Mn(Ⅲ)制备了多相催化剂, 并用于非功能化烯烃的不对称环氧化反应. 催化实验结果表明, 该催化剂在以m-CPBA/NMO为氧化体系催化α-甲基苯乙烯和茚的反应中显示出优良的催化性能, 如催化茚的e.e.值可达99%, 并且可以回收利用, 循环使用8次仍具有较好的催化活性, 具有潜在的工业应用价值. 相似文献
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The organic/inorganic hybrid nanomaterials containing silica nanoparticles are synthesized by sol-gel crosslinking process. The tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and γ-aminopropyltriethoxylsilane as coupling agents are used as a precursor. The 2,4,6-tri [(2-epihydrin-3-bimethyl-ammonium)propyl]-1,3,5-triazine chloride (Tri-EBAC) as crosslinking agent is used to form covalent bonds among the inorganic nanoparticles. The chemical and morphological structures of the organic/inorganic hybrid are characterized with FTIR spectra, 29Si-NMR, x-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). The results show that the organic/inorganic hybrid forms covalent bond between the inorganic nanoparticle and Tri-EBAC. The network organic/inorganic hybrid can form good film with even nanometer particles. The network organic/inorganic hybrids nanomaterial not only exhibits the thermal properties of inorganic compounds, but also exhibits the thermal properties of organic polymer. 相似文献
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GE HanQing LENG Yan ZHANG FuMin PIAO JiaRui ZHOU ChangJiang & WANG Jun State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Technology Nanjing China Petrochemical Research Institute PetroChina Company Ltd. Beijing 《中国科学B辑(英文版)》2009,(8)
Pyridine(Py)-modified Keggin-type vanadium-substituted heteropoly acids(PynPMo10V2O40,n=1 to 5) were prepared by a precipitation method as organic/inorganic hybrid catalysts for direct hydroxylation of benzene to phenol in a pressured batch reactor and their structures were detected by FT-IR.Among various catalysts,Py3PMo10V2O40 exhibits the highest catalytic activity(yield of phenol,11.5%),without observing the formation of catechol,hydroquinone and benzoquinone in the reaction with 80 vol% aqueous acetic ... 相似文献
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S. Shylesh Prinson P. Samuel Sheetal Sisodiya A. P. Singh 《Catalysis Surveys from Asia》2008,12(4):266-282
Micelle-templated mesoporous and organic–inorganic hybrid mesoporous materials are important in many fields of material research,
especially for hosting catalysts in confined space. Among this class, the recent discovery of periodic mesoporous organosilicas
(PMOs) represent an exciting new group of organic–inorganic nanocomposites targeted for a broad range of applications ranging
from catalysis to microelectronics. Compared to the earlier generation of organic–inorganic hybrid mesoporous samples, obtained
by the cocondensation reaction or by the grafting reaction, PMOs represent the right combination of organic and inorganic
groups in the frame wall positions. This article reviews the current state of art in organic–inorganic hybrid mesoporous material
research with special emphasis over periodic mesoporous organosilica materials having various redox centers (Ti, V, Cr) suitable
for oxidation reactions as well as acidic sites (Al, –SO3H) for the organic transformation of bulky molecules. 相似文献
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The scope of this article is to reveal the fruitful combination of POM species with metal coordination complexes, leading to the construction of several efficient multifunctional catalysts. In this review, we try to underscore various catalytic and photocatalytic reactions catalyzed by POM‐based inorganic‐organic hybrid. Notably, it has been well established that depending on the type of the reaction, the activity and selectivity of these hybrid catalyst can be drastically improved by the rational and correct choice of the organic metal complex and POM anion providing a marriage of convenience. 相似文献