Compressible subsonic potential flow past a 2D given sharp angular unbounded domain

In this paper, we focus on the two-dimensional subsonic flow problem around an infinite long ramp. The flow is assumed to be steady, isentropic and irrotational, namely, the movement of the flow is described by a second elliptic equation. By the use of a separation variable method, Strum-Liouville theorem and scaling technique, we show that a nontrivial subsonic flow around the infinite long ramp does not exist under some certain assumptions on the potential flow with a low Mach number.     

Analysis of a FEM/BEM coupling method for transonic flow computations

A sensitive issue in numerical calculations for exterior flow problems, e.g.around airfoils, is the treatment of the far field boundary conditions on a computational domain which is bounded. In this paper we investigate this problem for two-dimensional transonic potential flows with subsonic far field flow around airfoil profiles. We take the artificial far field boundary in the subsonic flow region. In the far field we approximate the subsonic potential flow by the Prandtl-Glauert linearization. The latter leads via the Green representation theorem to a boundary integral equation on the far field boundary. This defines a nonlocal boundary condition for the interior ring domain. Our approach leads naturally to a coupled finite element/boundary element method for numerical calculations. It is compared with local boundary conditions. The error analysis for the method is given and we prove convergence provided the solution to the analytic transonic flow problem around the profile exists.

     

Remarks on Nonlinear Neumann Problems in Periodic Domains

We study a semilinear elliptic equation Au = f(x, u) with nonlinear Neumann boundary condition Bu = φ(ξ, u) in an unbounded domain Ω ? ?ⁿ, the boundary of which is defined by periodic functions. We assume that f and φ and the coefficients of the operators are asymptotically periodic in the space variables. Our main result states the existence of an asymptotically decaying, nontrivial solution of this problem with minimal energy. The proof is based on the concentration-compactness principle.     

Fractional powers of operators corresponding to coercive problems in Lipschitz domains

Let Ω be a bounded Lipschitz domain in ? ⁿ , n ? 2, and let L be a second-order matrix strongly elliptic operator in Ω written in divergence form. There is a vast literature dealing with the study of domains of fractional powers of operators corresponding to various problems (beginning with the Dirichlet and Neumann problems) with homogeneous boundary conditions for the equation Lu = f, including the solution of the Kato square root problem, which arose in 1961. Mixed problems and a class of problems for higher-order systems have been covered as well. We suggest a new abstract approach to the topic, which permits one to obtain the results that we deem to be most important in a much simpler and unified way and cover new operators, namely, classical boundary operators on the Lipschitz boundary Γ = ?Ω or part of it. To this end, we simultaneously consider two well-known operators associated with the boundary value problem.     

Homogenization of the variational inequality corresponding to a problem with rapidly varying boundary conditions

In the present paper, we investigate the asymptotic behavior of the solution of a variational inequality with one-sided constraints on ?-periodically located subsets G _ε belonging to the boundary ?Ω of the domain Ω ? ?³. We construct a limit (homogenized) problem and prove the strong (in H ₁(Ω)) convergence of the solutions of the original inequality to the solution the limit nonlinear boundary-value problem as ? → 0 in the so-called critical case.     

Global existence and blowup of solutions for a class of nonlinear higher-order wave equations

In this paper, we consider a class of nonlinear higher-order wave equation with nonlinear damping $$u_{tt}+(-\Delta)^mu+a|u_t|^{p-2}u_t=b|u|^{q-2}u$$ in a bounded domain ${\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^N}$ (N????1 is a natural number). We show that the solution is global in time under some conditions without the relation between p and q and we also show that the local solution blows up in finite time if q?>?p with some assumptions on initial energy. The decay estimate of the energy function for the global solution and the lifespan for the blow-up solution are given. This extend the recent results of Ye (J Ineq Appl, 2010).     

Nonreflecting boundary conditions and numerical simulation of external flows

The specification of conditions on artificial boundaries of the computational domain in the simulation of subsonic viscous gas flows is considered. The steps in the construction and implementation of nonreflecting boundary conditions on the path from one-dimensional linearized Euler equations to real-life problems are described. The technique is intended for flow simulation at low Mach numbers. Numerical results for the essentially subsonic flow over a flat plate are presented     

A remark on stable subharmonic solutions of time-periodic reaction-diffusion equations

This paper is concerned with a time-periodic reaction-diffusion equation. It is known that typical trajectories approach periodic solutions with possibly longer period than that of the equation. Such solutions are called subharmonic solutions. In this paper, for any domain Ω, time-period τ>0 and integer n?2, we construct an example of a time-periodic reaction-diffusion equation on Ω with a minimal period τ which possesses a stable solution of minimal period nτ.     

“Destruction” of the solution of a strongly nonlinear equation of pseudoparabolic type with double nonlinearity

We consider the first initial-boundary value problem for multidimensional strongly nonlinear equations with double nonlinearity of pseudoparabolic type in a bounded domain with sufficiently smooth boundary. We prove the local solvability of this problem in the weak generalized sense. Depending on the nonlinearity and initial conditions under consideration, we prove the solvability of the equation in any finite cylinder (x, t) ∈ Ω × [0, T] or the destruction of the solution in finite time.     

On the Existence and Stability of a Global Subsonic Flow in a 3D Infinitely Long Cylindrical Nozzle

This paper is concerned with the problem on the global existence and stability of a subsonic flow in an infinitely long cylindrical nozzle for the 3D steady potential flow equation. Such a problem was indicated by Courant-Friedrichs in [8, p. 377]： A flow through a duct should be considered as a cal symmetry and should be determined steady, isentropic, irrotational flow with cylindriby solving the 3D potential flow equations with appropriate boundary conditions. By introducing some suitably weighted HSlder spaces and establishing a priori estimates, the authors prove the global existence and stability of a subsonic potential flow in a 3D nozzle when the state of subsonic flow at negative infinity is given.     

A two-dimensional inverse problem for an integro-differential equation of electrodynamics

An integro-differential equation corresponding to a two-dimensional problem of electrodynamics with dispersion is considered. It is assumed that the electrodynamic properties of a nonconducting medium with a constant magnetic permeability and the external current are independent of the x ₃ coordinate. In this case, the third component of the electric field vector satisfies a second-order scalar integro-differential equation with a variable permittivity of the medium. For this equation, we study the problem of finding the spatial part of the kernel entering the integral term. This corresponds to finding the part of the permittivity that depends on the electromagnetic frequency. It is assumed that the permittivity support is contained in some compact domain Ω ? ?². To find this coefficient inside Ω, we use information on the solution of the corresponding direct problem on the boundary of Ω on a finite time interval. An estimate for the conditional stability of the solution of the inverse problem is established under the assumption that the time interval is sufficiently large.     

Large time behavior for a viscous Hamilton-Jacobi equation with Neumann boundary condition

We prove the existence and the uniqueness of strong solutions for the viscous Hamilton-Jacobi equation: with Neumann boundary condition, and initial data μ₀, a continuous function. The domain Ω is a bounded and convex open set with smooth boundary, a∈R,a≠0 and p>0. Then, we study the large time behavior of the solution and we show that for p∈(0,1), the extinction in finite time of the gradient of the solution occurs, while for p?1 the solution converges uniformly to a constant, as t→∞.     

Global subsonic Euler flows in an infinitely long axisymmetric nozzle

In this paper, we consider global subsonic compressible flows through an infinitely long axisymmetric nozzle. The flow is governed by the steady Euler equations and has boundary conditions on the nozzle walls. Existence and uniqueness of global subsonic solution are established for an infinitely long axisymmetric nozzle, when the variation of Bernoulli's function in the upstream is sufficiently small and the mass flux of the incoming flow is less than some critical value. The results give a strictly mathematical proof to the assertion in Bers (1958) [2]: there exists a critical value of the incoming mass flux such that a global subsonic flow exists uniquely in a nozzle, provided that the incoming mass flux is less than the critical value. The existence of subsonic flow is obtained by the precisely a priori estimates for the elliptic equation of two variables. With the assumptions on the nozzle in the far fields, the asymptotic behavior can be derived by a blow-up argument for the infinitely long nozzle. Finally, we obtain the uniqueness of uniformly subsonic flow by energy estimate and derive the existence of the critical value of incoming mass flux.     

Nonexistence and multiplicity of solutions to elliptic problems with supercritical exponents

We consider the supercritical problem $$\begin{array}{l}{-}\Delta u=\left\vert u\right\vert ^{p-2}u \; {\rm in} \; \Omega,\quad u=0 \; {\rm on} \; \partial \Omega, \end{array}$$ where Ω is a bounded smooth domain in ${\mathbb{R}^{N}}$ , N ≥ 3, and ${p\geq2^{\ast}:=\frac{2N}{N-2}}$ . Bahri and Coron showed that if Ω has nontrivial homology this problem has a positive solution for p = 2^*. However, this is not enough to guarantee existence in the supercritical case. For ${p\geq\frac{2(N-1)}{N-3}}$ Passaseo exhibited domains carrying one nontrivial homology class in which no nontrivial solution exists. Here we give examples of domains whose homology becomes richer as p increases. More precisely, we show that for ${p>\frac{2(N-k)}{N-k-2}}$ with 1 ≤ k ≤ N?3 there are bounded smooth domains in ${\mathbb{R}^{N}}$ whose cup-length is k + 1 in which this problem does not have a nontrivial solution. For N = 4,8,16 we show that there are many domains, arising from the Hopf fibrations, in which the problem has a prescribed number of solutions for some particular supercritical exponents.     

Properties of solutions of the Tricomi problem for the Lavrent’ev-Bitsadze equation at corner points

We consider the Tricomi problem for the Lavrent’ev-Bitsadze equation for the case in which the elliptic part of the boundary is part of a circle. For the homogeneous equation, we introduce a new class of solutions that are not continuous at the corner points of the domain and construct nontrivial solutions in this class in closed form. For the inhomogeneous equation, we introduce the notion of an n-regular solution and prove a criterion for the existence of such a solution.     

Evaluation of a boundary integral representation for the conformal mapping of the unit disk onto a simply-connected domain

A representation of the conformal mapping g of the interior or exterior of the unit circle onto a simply-connected domain Ω as a boundary integral in terms of?|_?Ω is obtained, where? :=g ^-l. A product integration scheme for the approximation of the boundary integral is described and analysed. An ill-conditioning problem related to the domain geometry is discussed. Numerical examples confirm the conclusions of this discussion and support the analysis of the quadrature scheme.     

Global dynamics of delayed reaction–diffusion equations in unbounded domains

We consider a nonlocal delayed reaction–diffusion equation in an unbounded domain that includes some special cases arising from population dynamics. Due to the non-compactness of the spatial domain, the solution semiflow is not compact. We first show that, with respect to the compact open topology for the natural phase space, the solutions induce a compact and continuous semiflow ${\Phi}$ on a bounded and positively invariant set Y in C ₊?=?C([?1, 0], X ₊) that attracts every solution of the equation, where X ₊ is the set of all bounded and uniformly continuous functions from ${\mathbb{R}}$ to [0, ∞). Then, to overcome the difficulty in describing the global dynamics, we establish a priori estimate for nontrivial solutions after describing the delicate asymptotic properties of the nonlocal delayed effect and the diffusion operator. The estimate enables us to show the permanence of the equation with respect to the compact open topology. With the help of the permanence, we can employ standard dynamical system theoretical arguments to establish the global attractivity of the nontrivial equilibrium. The main results are illustrated with the diffusive Nicholson’s blowfly equation and the diffusive Mackey–Glass equation.     

On the existence and stability of 2-D perturbed steady subsonic circulatory flows

In this paper, under the generalized conservation condition of mass flux in a unbounded domain, we are concerned with the global existence and stability of a perturbed subsonic circulatory flow for the two-dimensional steady Euler equation, which is assumed to be isentropic and irrotational. Such a problem can be reduced into a second order quasi-linear elliptic equation on the stream function in an exterior domain with a Dirichlet boundary value condition on the circular body and a stability condition at i...     

Uniform grid approximation of nonsmooth solutions with improved convergence for a singularly perturbed convection-diffusion equation with characteristic layers

A mixed boundary value problem for a singularly perturbed elliptic convection-diffusion equation with constant coefficients in a square domain is considered. Dirichlet conditions are specified on two sides orthogonal to the flow, and Neumann conditions are set on the other two sides. The right-hand side and the boundary functions are assumed to be sufficiently smooth, which ensures the required smoothness of the desired solution in the domain, except for neighborhoods of the corner points. Only zero-order compatibility conditions are assumed to hold at the corner points. The problem is solved numerically by applying an inhomogeneous monotone difference scheme on a rectangular piecewise uniform Shishkin mesh. The inhomogeneity of the scheme lies in that the approximating difference equations are not identical at different grid nodes but depend on the perturbation parameter. Under the assumptions made, the numerical solution is proved to converge ?-uniformly to the exact solution in a discrete uniform metric at an O(N ^?3/2ln² N) rate, where N is the number of grid nodes in each coordinate direction.     

Convergence of a family of solutions to a Fujita-type equation in domains with cavities

The Dirichlet problem for a Fujita-type equation, i.e., a second-order quasilinear uniformly elliptic equation is considered in domains Ω_ε with spherical or cylindrical cavities of characteristic size ε. The form of the function in the condition on the cavities’ boundaries depends on ε. For ε tending to zero and the number of cavities increasing simultaneously, sufficient conditions are established for the convergence of the family of solutions {u _ε(x)} of this problem to the solution u(х) of a similar problem in the domain Ω with no cavities with the same boundary conditions imposed on the common part of the boundaries ?Ω and ?Ω_ε. Convergence rate estimates are given.