La1-xCaxMnO3外延薄膜的制备、结构及磁电阻效应

采用溶胶-凝胶旋涂法在单晶LaAlO3 (100)基片上生长了La1-xCaxMnO3(x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2)外延薄膜. 利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、 原子力显微镜(AFM)、 聚焦离子束系统(FIB)、 X射线光电子能谱分析仪(XPS)、 振动样品磁强计(VSM)和磁性测量系统(MPMS)对样品的结构、 形貌、 价态、 居里温度和磁电阻效应进行了研究. 结果表明, 薄膜为立方钙钛矿结构, 具有明显的(100)外延生长取向和平整的表面. 在居里温度附近, 样品发生铁磁-顺磁转变. 随着Ca2+掺杂量的增加, 样品的居里温度升高, La0.8Ca0.2MnO3的居里温度为264 K. 随温度的变化, 样品发生了金属-绝缘体转变. 样品还具有较大的磁电阻效应, 在H=2.0 T, T=210 K时, La0.95Ca0.05MnO3的磁电阻达到80.9%.     

重掺杂Sm时La（0．6-x）SmxSr0．33MnO3的磁电性质

通过测量样品的磁化强度-温度（M-T）曲线、磁化强度-磁场强度（M-T）曲线、电阻率-温度（ρ-T）曲线及磁电阻（magnetoresistance）-温度（MR-T）曲线，研究了Sm重掺杂（x=0．40，0．50，0．60）对La（0．6-x）SmxSr0．33MnO3磁电性质的影响。发现随着Sm掺杂量增加，样品从长程铁磁有序向自旋团簇玻璃态和反铁磁状态转变；x=0．60时的输运性质在其磁背景下发生异常；掺杂引起的磁结构变化和额外磁性耦合将导致庞磁电阻效应。低温金属型导电的输运机制主要是电子．磁子相互作用，     

La_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)Fe_xMn_(1-x)O_3制备和奇特磁电阻效应

系列陶瓷氧化物La0.67Sr0.33FexMn1-xO3（0.055x0.33）通过共沉淀法工艺合成获得.经X射线衍射分析表明，所得氧化物均为单相，属三方结构.在零场和外加磁场下的四极法电阻测试结果表明：所有样品都具有较大的磁电阻效应，当x<0.13时，样品的电阻率-温度曲线中均出现电阻率峰（电阻率出现从半导体性向金属性的转变），该电阻率峰处的温度（Tp）随x的增大而向低温区移动，磁电阻效应是负值;x＝0.23时，样品已呈半导体性，磁电阻效应仍是负值;然而x＝0.33时，样品虽也表现为半导体性，但其中的磁电阻效应出现奇特的正负交替转换.     

1100 ℃合成La2/3Ca1/3Mn1-xCuxO3低场庞磁电阻效应

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了La2/3Ca1/3Mn1-xCuxO3系列样品.实验研究了系列样品的电输运性质、高温导电机制和低场磁电阻效应.结果发现样品高温下导电遵从Mott变程跳跃机制;在0.3 T的磁场下,绝缘体-金属转变附近磁电阻(MR0=[R(H=0)-R(H)]/R(H=0))由没有掺杂时的2%增加到4%Cu掺杂时的80%;实验同时发现与颗粒晶界有关的磁电阻也有实质性的提高.实验结果表明少量的Cu掺杂可以大大提高低场磁电阻效应.     

钙钛矿型稀土锰氧化物La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)Fe_xMn_(1-x)O_3的磁性和巨磁电阻效应

采用溶胶 凝胶工艺制备了La0 .7Sr0 .3FexMn1 -xO3化合物 ,研究Fe掺杂对材料的导电性能、磁性能、磁电阻性能的影响。发现随Fe含量的增加 ,材料的电阻率提高 ,铁磁居里温度 (TC)下降 ,巨磁电阻效应增强。观察到x =0 0 5和x =0 0 8的样品的电阻率随温度变化曲线出现双峰。对于x =0 0 8的样品 ,在室温附近磁电阻达到 18% (8× 10 5 A·m- 1 外场 )。对于x >0 0 8的样品 ,金属 绝缘体转变温度均比相应的铁磁 顺磁转变温度低 5 0～ 80K     

Sol-gel法制备La1-xSrxMnO3巨磁电阻薄膜材料

利用sol-gel法在单晶硅Si(100)衬底上,制备了钙钛矿La_1-xSr_xMnO₃(LSMO)低织构纳米晶薄膜.考察了制备条件对LSMO成相、晶粒的粒度和表面形貌的影响,研究了其磁特性和磁电阻性能.结果表明,La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃薄膜磁电阻效应在相当宽的温度范围内不随温度改变,在6T磁场中室温下磁电阻比MR值可达-30%.     

类钙钛矿化合物(La0.8-xCexSr0.2)0.97MnO3的电磁性能研究

探索性地研究了由内含不同程度CeO2的廉价原料--La2O3制备的, 名义成分为 （ La0.8-xCex Sr0.2）0.97MnO3 （x=0～0.26） 类钙钛矿锰氧化物的相结构、电磁性能, 及其作为固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）空气极材料的可能性. 实验显示, 样品中除了磁性的钙钛矿相外, 均出现了非磁性的Mn3O4相和不同程度的CeO2相;随着制备样品的原材料La2O3纯度的不同, 样品的电阻率、磁电阻比等电磁特性也随之发生明显的变化;样品在1 T磁场下的室温磁电阻比的范围可达-3%～-14%;对x=0, 0.037, 0.26的样品, 其电导率在600 K以上高温区均表现出较好的温度稳定性, 表明其作为SOFC空气极材料的可行性.     

La-(Ca,Ba)-Mn-O材料磁电阻特性

用固相反应法制备了La2/3(CaxBa1-x)1/3MnO3(x=0.00, 0.40, 0.45, 0.55, 0.60, 1.00) 6种多晶CMR材料, 测量了材料在77～350 K范围内零磁场和0.4 T外磁场下的电阻率.在不同的温度区域呈现不同的电阻率以及磁电阻随温度的变化行为, 说明存在不同的磁电阻效应的机制.证实了高温下的电阻率峰为I-M转变.研究发现掺杂量x=0.55, 0.60两种材料在室温有较大的磁电阻, 表明掺杂量大小影响材料特性.     

稀土锰氧化物La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-xCuxO3低场磁电阻及电传输特性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了系列多晶CMR材料La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-xCuxO3（x=0%,1%,5%,10%,15%,20%）。在77-350 K温度范围内测量了样品的电阻率及磁电阻大小。实验结果发现：系列样品TC随掺杂量增加而递减;系列样品的电阻率峰及磁电阻峰在整个测温范围内随掺杂量的增加均依次被展宽直至消失,当掺杂量为x≥10%时,电阻率随温度的变化在整个测温范围内呈现绝缘相行为;同时还发现,掺杂量为x≥10%时,样品的磁电阻在整个测温区内基本表现为隧穿磁电阻。基于我们采用蒙特卡罗模拟方法提出的逾渗模型及隧穿磁电阻模型,对样品的磁电阻行为进行了很好的解释。对系列样品的ρ-T曲线进行lnρ-T^-（1/4）系拟合,发现掺杂量为x=10%样品在整个温区内的lnρ-T^-（1/4）系基本呈线性。     

钙钛矿锰氧化物(La_(1-x)Gd_x)_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)MnO_3的磁电阻效应

采用传统的高温固相法制备了多晶样品(La1-xGdx)0.5Sr0.5MnO3(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4),利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、超导量子磁强计(SQUID)、标准四端引线法分别对样品结构、磁性、电性以及磁电阻效应进行了研究。研究表明:Gd的少量替代并没有引起结构变化;随着Gd含量的增加,所有样品的居里温度TC和金属-绝缘体转变温度Tp都降低了;在TC附近发现了磁电阻效应,同时在低温下发现了更大的磁电阻;并且Gd的少量替代可使磁电阻MR增大。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.