Retention-indices on OV-1 of approximately 170 commonly used pesticides

A screening program is reported for approximately 170 pesticides which are regularly encountered in toxicological analysis (organophosphates, carbamates, triazines, halogenated carbohydrates, phenoxycarbonic acid derivatives, and others). It is based on the retention index according to Kovats. Temperature dependence of the retention index and derivatization procedures are also studied.Dedicated in honour to Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Arnold (Hamburg) on the occasion of his 75th birthday.We are indebted to PD Dr. Hans H. Maurer (Homburg/Saar) for stimulating discussions     

同系物保留指数作为脂肪酸气相色谱定性参数的优越性考察

在气相色谱分析中,通常采用相对保留值和Kovats保留指数作为化学物质的定性参数。相对保留值在使用中受到参考标准不一致的限制而难于推广,况且柱温对相对保留值的影响很大,其重现性还受到待鉴定物与参考标准保留值差距大小的影响。只有在待鉴定物与参考标准的保留值差距不大时,相对保留值才可靠。     

气相色谱保留指数定性方法研究进展

综述了程序升温气相色谱保留指数,I^T与Kovats恒温保留指数,之间的关系、I^T的标准化和重现性问题以及定量结构保留指数关系(QSRR)研究进展;对于应用特殊检测器和极性柱定性、对多环芳烃和多氯联苯类物质利用保留指数定性的情况,选择非正构烷烃类同系物作为参考标准时准确性大为提高,比较了由此得到的保留指数与Kovats保留指数的关系;展望了利用保留指数定性的前景。     

气相色谱QSRR研究在质谱谱库检索定性中的应用

对质谱谱图相似的多取代烷基苯各位置异构体,根据一种从苯、单取代烷基苯及双取代烷基苯保留指数预测相关多取代烷基苯保留指数的方法,测定了基础化合物在OV－1毛细管柱上的保留指数,预测了相关多取代烷基苯在OV－1上的保留指数。利用该保留数据,结合质谱,给予了正确定性,从而解决了质谱谱库检索定性时对于各位置异构体难于定性的困难。     

A new gas chromatographic retention index for pesticides and related compounds

A new gas chromatographic (GC) retention index based on a homologous series of tri-n-alkylamines is proposed for use in the detection of pesticides and related compounds because the standard n-paraffin hydrocarbons used for the Kovats index do not show up well on the nitrogen-phosphorus detectors commonly used in pesticide analysis. Using fused silica bonded phase capillary columns (DB-1 or DB-5), the trialkylamine indices of 106 selected pesticides and related compounds were measured and their relationship to the Kovats index determined.     

七里香蔷薇精油化学成分的研究

用毛细管气相色谱法分离七里香蔷薇花精油中的各种组份，用GC/MS和Kvoats指数对各种组份进行鉴定，共定性出31种化合物，其中以正十一烷、正十九烷、十九烷-1、正二十三烷为主要成分。     

不同操作模式下多环芳烃气相色谱特性的研究

在气相色谱分析萘、联苯、苊、芴、菲、蒽、荧蒽、芘、苯并（ａ）蒽、屈艹、苯并（ａ）芘和匹艹的研究过程中,以有效塔板数（ｎｅｆｆ）作为考察指标对新型色谱操作模式——程序升温升压操作条件进行了优化。通过对Ｋｏｖａｔｓ保留指数体系和Ｌｅｅ 保留指数体系在不同操作模式下的对比实验表明,在脉冲进样和程序升压等新型色谱操作条件下,Ｌｅｅ 保留指数体系仍能够满足对多环芳烃定性分析的要求, 前者则不能。     

The use of GC×GC/TOF MS with multivariate analysis for the characterization of foodborne pathogen bacteria profiles

The cellular fatty acid profiles of eight strains of Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Enterobacteriacae (Escherichia coli and Salmonella) were analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A novel template method was developed to standardize the raw two-dimensional gas chromatography retention data through the use of a chemical indexing mixture. Analyte retention coordinates were normalized in the primary dimension with respect to a series of n-alkanes (Kovats index) and in the secondary dimension with respect to a series of aromatic hydrocarbons (Lee index). Fatty acid profiles extracted from the templates were compared by multidimensional scaling and principal component analysis. Differences in the profiles of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were observed, and a series of heterogeneous mixtures comprising different fractions (containing one Gram-positive and one Gram-negative bacteria strain) were also distinguished from their homogeneous constituents.     

Live retention database for identification of compounds in capillary gas chromatographic analysis --Principle and structure

A live retention database for compound identification in isothermal and any step temperature programmed capillary gas chromatography has been developed. The database utilizes the Kovats retention indices of compounds on a given stationary phase and the retention time of n-alkanes measured at isothermal conditions on the column to be used, together with the programming parameters. Identification is performed by search operation that compares the calculated results with the retention values of unknown peaks. Cross-reference of the search results of different operating conditions is performed automatically by the database in order to increase the reliability of the identification. The error of the database conversion is ≤± 0.5 index unit, or ≤± 1% on retention time. This paper describes the principle and the structure of the database in detail. The experimental results for different calsses of compounds tested at divers operating conditions will be presented in Part Ⅱ.     

Relationship between Physicochemical Properties and Chromatographic Retention of Some Adamantane Derivatives

Correlations between physicochemical properties and chromatographic retention parameters of adamantane derivatives were studied. The Kovats indices and contributions of hydrocarbon radicals and functional groups to the chromatographic retention were calculated from the experimental data.     

人工神经网络在气相色谱保留值预测上的应用

应用人工神经网络对气相色谱Ｋｏｖａｔｓ保留指数进行多点预测研究。基于人工神经网络的典型模型（ＢＰ网络）,采用文献中的数据,建立了反映溶质的Ｋｏｖａｔｓ指数与溶质的溶剂化参数以及其与固定相的相参数之间关系的数学模型,并采用多元性回归方法和人工神经网络对溶质的Ｋｏｖａｔｓ指数进行了预测研究。     

On column injection-dual channel analysis of essential oils

A system to analyze a complex mixture simultaneously on two different columns after one single on-column injection is described. The splitting device, the possibilities of component identification by searching in a data base for Kovats indices on two different polarity stationary phases, and a practical example of an essential oil analysis are presented.     

引种欧洲香型玫瑰精油化学成分研究

用毛细管气相色谱／质谱联用技术和气相色谱Ｋｏｖａｔｓ指数双重定性方法，从保加利亚，法国，土耳其和摩洛哥四国引种的欧洲香型玫瑰的精油中分别鉴定出９４个化合物，其主要赋香成分与原生产国家的十分接近。这一研究结果为首次报道并在中国扩大种欧洲香型玫瑰提供了科学依据。     

Using reverse gas-liquid chromatography to determine the thermodynamic functions of sorption in a system of constant volume

A static “ideal gas phase-nonvolatile liquid” system of constant volume in which the volatile component (sorbate) is redistributed is compared to a chromatographic system under conditions corresponding to equilibrium gas-liquid chromatography. The basis for calculating the thermodynamic characteristics of sorption using chromatographic data is described. The standard conditions and way of expressing the constant of interphase sorbate distribution are specified.     

Dependence of the relative retention of organic compounds on the nature and pressure of the carrier gas and on the thickness of the PEG-20M film in the capillary column

The effects of the carrier gas nature and pressure on the relative retention values of organic compounds were studied using a series of capillary columns differing in the film thickness of the polar stationary phase (PEG-20M). Relative retention depends linearly on the carrier gas pressure. This dependence becomes more pronounced in the following order of carrier gases: helium < nitrogen < carbon dioxide. The limiting relative retention at a carrier gas pressure approaching zero rather than relative retention values measured experimentally (relative retention time, Kovats retention index,etc.) is an invariant characteristic of a compound subjected to chromatography. For the carrier gases studied, the limiting retention values almost does not depend on the nature of the carrier gas used. The limiting indicating the complex absorption-adsorption nature of these parameters. Dissolution of a carrier gas in the stationary liquid phase has an effect on the relative retention. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 12, pp. 2177–2186, December, 1997.     

任意多阶梯度场强毛细管凝胶电泳中谱带的迁移和展宽

在自行制备的毛细管凝胶电泳柱上，通过实验考察毛细管凝胶电泳（ＣＧＥ）中场强（Ｅ）和组分迁移率（μ）的关系，发现在一般ＣＧＥ使用的场强范围内，μ随Ｅ增大而成近似线性的增加。并讨论了产生这种现象的原因。以此为基础提供了任意多阶梯度场强毛细管凝胶电泳中组分的迁移时间和距离的计算公式，用于编制计算机程序。     

NEURAL NETWORK ANALYSIS APPLICATION TO PERMEABILITY DETERMINATION OF FIBERGLASS AND CARBON PREFORMS

Preform permeability is an important process parameter in liquid injection molding of composite parts.This parameter is currently determined with time consuming and expensive experimental procedures.This paper presents the application of a back-propagation neural network to predicting fiber bed permeability of three types of reinforcement mats. Resin flow experiments were performed to simulate the injection cycle of a resin transfer molding process.The results of these experiments were used to prepare a ...     

多花蔷薇花净油化学成分研究

多花蔷薇(Rose multiflora. cathayensis)又名红刺玫、刺花,系多年生落叶灌木,野生于甘肃省陇南山区,生长在海拔500～1900 m的山峰、河岸或山坡缘及灌木丛林中,花的资源丰富,是甘肃省目前需开发的野生芳香植物之一,多花蔷薇花为粉红色,花期为5月中旬至5月底,花中含芳香油,可用作化妆、皂用香精等,有关多花蔷薇花的化学成分,未见文献报道,我们将多花蔷薇花的石油醚浸膏用乙醇在0℃脱蜡3次得净油,再经硅胶柱层析分离得纯