双光子光折变晶体中两分量矢量空间孤子(英文)

为了研究外加偏压双光子光折变晶体中的矢量空间孤子,建立了矢量空间孤子的动态演化方程,给出了矢量空间孤子数值解.采用数值模拟的方法,求解矢量空间孤子的数值表达式,理论预言了稳态条件下亮-亮、暗-暗自耦合矢量空间孤子的存在;同时,数值求解演化方程,分析了亮-亮自耦合矢量空间孤子的演化特性.数值结果表明,无论两孤子分量的强度近似相等还是有较大差别,这些自耦合矢量空间孤子都可以由数值积分程序给出.亮-亮、暗-暗自耦合矢量空间孤子在双光子光折变晶体中稳定存在.     

Interactions between Components of Various Vector Solitons in Bose-Einstein Condensates

We investigate the interactions between components of various vector solitons in Bos-Einstein condensates by means of the least action principle, and derive the effective potentials for different vector solitons, which indicate that the interactions are of short range, and may be repulsive or attractive decided by the different intra- and inter-species interactions in such a system. In the case of attraction, the two solitons will oscillate about and pass through each other around the equilibrium state. The comparison of analytical results with mumertical simulation is presented.     

双光子光折变晶体中两分量矢量空间孤子

为了研究外加偏压双光子光折变晶体中的矢量空间孤子,建立了矢量空间孤子的动态演化方程,给出了矢量空间孤子数值解.采用数值模拟的方法,求解矢量空间孤子的数值表达式,理论预言了稳态条件下亮-亮、暗-暗自耦合矢量空间孤子的存在|同时,数值求解演化方程,分析了亮-亮自耦合矢量空间孤子的演化特性.数值结果表明,无论两孤子分量的强度近似相等还是有较大差别,这些自耦合矢量空间孤子都可以由数值积分程序给出.亮-亮、暗-暗自耦合矢量空间孤子在双光子光折变晶体中稳定存在.     

Aspect of K-dV Solitons Studied with Different Stretching Co-ordinates

The present study focusses on the conspicuous properties of the temporal and spatial K-dV solitary waves obtainable by the use of different stretching co-ordinates. Singularities are observed in solitary waves which are due to the presence of negative ions and multiple electron-temperatures in the plasmas. It is discussed how those situations are tackled by the derivation of modified K-dV equations to describe the evolution of propagating solitons. Moreover, the soliton profiles admit the interactions of negative ions and multiple electron-temperatures, which are playing the role of creating the steepness in soliton profiles. Simultaneously more solitary waves follow therein resembling the evolution of experimentally observed soliton characteristics and finally indicating the possible interest to put forth for experimental plasma investigations.     

采用非均匀有理B样条曲面延展光学元件面形误差

在离子束抛光工艺中,为了提高驻留时间求解算法在工件边缘处的求解精度,通常需要对原始面形误差数据进行边缘虚拟延展。要求原始面形误差数据与虚拟延展面光滑拼接,并在延展区域具有可控的不确定性。非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)曲面常用在机械制造领域对复杂形状物体进行三维建模。引入非均匀有理B样条曲面并结合泽尼克(Zernike)多项式拟合对一典型的圆形光学元件面形误差自由曲面数据进行延展。通过对典型面形误差曲面延展前后的等效功率谱密度曲线分析可以看出,延展后在面形误差频率大于0.05mm-1时其面形误差改善量均大于70%;将该典型延展面应用于特定驻留时间求解算法中,使得预测加工精度的均方根值由1.18nm改善至0.19nm。这表明,采用非均匀有理B样条曲面延展光学元件面形误差能够获得光滑拼接的虚拟延展曲面,并能大大改善离子束抛光工艺中驻留时间算法的求解精度。     

剩余三阶色散对相位共轭偏振孤子的影响及其补偿

光学相位共轭中剩余三阶色散不利于共轭孤子的稳定传输,导致孤子脉冲具有更大的时间抖动.本文提出在传输线末采用具有正三阶色散的色散位移光纤补偿光学相位共轭中的剩余正三阶色散.数值结果证明了其可行性.同时也分析其补偿的物理机制.     

Spatial Solitons in 2D Graded-Index Waveguides with Different Distributed Transverse Diffractions

We discuss the nonlinear Schr6dinger equation with variable coefficients in 21） graded-index waveguides with different distributed transverse diffractions and obtain exact bright and dark soliton solutions. Based on these solutions, we mainly investigate the dynamical behaviors of solitons in three different diffraction decreasing waveguides with the hyperbolic, Gaussian and Logarithmic profiles. Results indicate that for the same parameters, the amplitude of bright solitons in the Logarithmic profile and the amplitude of dark solitons in the Gaussian profile are biggest respectively, and the amplitude in the hyperbolic profile is smallest, while the width of solitons has the opposite case.     

不同调制方式下偏振度与偏振模色散的关系

给出了偏振度与偏振模色散关系的理论模型,分析了非归零和归零两种调制方式下的偏振度与偏振模色散关系特性,结果表明偏振度町以作为实时检测偏振模色散的信号;且偏振度对偏振模色散的有效检测范围不大于调制光信号的占空比α,同时检测灵敏度与有效检测范围成反比;在非归零调制时偏振度对偏振模色散的有效检测范围最宽,为调制光信号的一个调制周期,是常规归零调制(占空比为0．5)时的2倍,但灵敏度只有常规归零调制时的一半。进一步探讨了在实际应用中改善偏振度对偏振模色散的有效检测范围和灵敏度的方法。实验验证了非归零调制时偏振度与偏振模色散关系特性。     

New Type of Extremely Short Vector Solitons in a Medium of Asymmetric Molecules

A new type of extremely short terahertz electromagnetic solitons, which can be formed in a system of molecules with permanent dipole moments in stationary states, has been predicted. It has been shown that such solitons can be formed when the ordinary component of the field excites quantum transitions and, in addition, the extraordinary component dynamically shifts their frequencies. The mechanism of propagation of such solitons in the presence of the nonstationary Stark inversion of quantum levels accompanied by the effective generation of a pulse of the extraordinary wave has been analyzed. The solitons under consideration have no analogs in the visible range.     

四组份不同频率连续变量纠缠态光场的产生

量子纠缠态是开展量子信息工作的核心资源。提出在一块光学超晶格中通过有注入信号的非简并光学参量振荡级联一个和频过程,可以产生不同频率的四组份连续变量纠缠态光场的可行实验方案。首先泵浦光和注入信号光通过差频过程产生闲置光。然后泵浦光和闲置光在同一块光学超晶格中通过级联和频过程产生和频光。根据多组份连续变量纠缠的判定方法,从理论上证明泵浦光、信号光、闲置光与和频光场之间的量子纠缠特性。四组份纠缠特性随泵浦功率的增大而减弱,另外选取较大的注入信号功率、级联非线性过程的耦合参数和泵浦光衰减常数可以得到较好的四组份纠缠光场。该实验方案只用到一块光学超晶格就可以产生四色连续变量纠缠态光场,实验装置简单。     

三环非均匀混合偏振同轴矢量光束的聚焦特性

基于Richards-Wolf矢量衍射积分公式,数值分析了同轴三环非均匀混合偏振矢量光束经过高数值孔径透镜的聚焦特性。该矢量光束由同轴三环局域线偏振矢量光束通过一个相位延迟角为δ的液晶相位延迟器产生,光束偏振变为包含线偏振、圆偏振和椭圆偏振的混合态。同轴三环局域线偏振矢量光束的偏振分布是由径向向内偏振的外环光束、径向向外偏振的内环光束和线偏振方向与径向方向夹角为φ2的中环光束构成。数值模拟结果显示该混合偏振矢量光束的聚焦强度分布与参数φ2和相位延迟角δ密切相关,当选取适当的φ2和δ时,在焦平面附近产生沿光轴方向的三维多点光俘获结构——暗光链,这在光学微操纵领域具有潜在的应用价值。     

Flexible Manipulation of the Polarization Conversions in a Structured Vector Field in Free Space

The conversion between different polarizations generally requires an optical element or an optical system. We demonstrate, theoretically and experimentally, that the conversion between different states of polarization (SoP) can be flexibly manipulated in a structured optical field by itself. During the structured optical field propagation in free space, any two orthogonal polarizations can be generated and auto‐focus at any desired propagation positions by purposely designing the initial SoP distribution and a caustic phase in the field cross‐section. The experiment arrangement combines a caustic‐based approach and a 4f optical system. This approach provides a way to flexibly manipulate the polarization conversions in free space propagation by the optical field itself (without any physical element along the propagation path), may lead to more complex and flexible vectorial manipulations of an optical field scenarios and potential applications in corresponding areas.     

用极化晶体谱仪探测X射线极化度

为了研究等离子体各向异性及确定高温等离子体中电子束的存在,研制了X射线极化晶体谱仪,探讨了极化光谱学的理论,推演了X射线极化度的计算方法.谱仪能够在两个相互垂直的方向分别对X射线进行探测,垂直方向晶体分析器使用云母球面晶体,水平方向为PET平面晶体,摄谱元件采用成像板.在激光聚变研究中心2×10 J激光装置上进行了摄谱实验.实验结果表明,PET晶体分光效果理想,获得了铝的类He共振线(w)、磁四级M2跃迁x线、互组合跃迁y线以及禁戒谱线z线,适合于研究X射线极化光谱学;云母晶体得到铝的类He共振线,其伴线光谱不明显.分析了谱仪垂直方向信号微弱的原因,提出了改进极化晶体谱仪的方案.     

用极化晶体谱仪探测X射线极化度

为了研究等离子体各向异性及确定高温等离子体中电子束的存在,研制了X射线极化晶体谱仪,探讨了极化光谱学的理论,推演了X射线极化度的计算方法.谱仪能够在两个相互垂直的方向分别对X射线进行探测,垂直方向晶体分析器使用云母球面晶体,水平方向为PET平面晶体,摄谱元件采用成像板.在激光聚变研究中心2×10 J激光装置上进行了摄谱实验.实验结果表明,PET晶体分光效果理想,获得了铝的类He共振线(w)、磁四级M2跃迁x线、互组合跃迁y线以及禁戒谱线z线,适合于研究X射线极化光谱学;云母晶体得到铝的类He共振线,其伴线光谱不明显.分析了谱仪垂直方向信号微弱的原因,提出了改进极化晶体谱仪的方案.     

双频左右旋圆偏振激光束的琼斯矢量和应用

提出由稳频纵向塞曼顺（ＳＬＺＬ）输出的角频率为ω２和ω１的左，右旋圆偏振激光束的琼斯矢量表示法，并求得外差光纤传感器中参考光束和信号光束和频光电流的严格安全，这些公式包容了传感器的各种光学元件对双频左，右旋圆偏振激光束的相位延迟和偏振态改变，它们不仅给出了实验结果符合很好的相应差公式，而且还能说明了实验过程中必然出现的一些物理现象和规律。     

Optical Vector Network Analyzer with an Improved Dynamic Range Based on a Polarization Multiplexing Electro-Optic Modulator

We present a new method to achieve an optical vector network analyzer(OVNA) based on a polarization multiplexing electro-optic modulator(PM-EOM) without an optical bandpass filter. Optical single sideband(OSSB)modulated signals with a tunable optical carrier-sideband ratio(OCSR) are obtained at the output of the PMEOM. The OCSR can be flexibly tuned by controlling bias voltages of the PM-EOM. The dynamic range of the OVNA is expanded by taking the improvement of the OCSR into account. The transmission response of an optical device under test(ODUT) is measured based on one-to-one mapping from optical domain to electrical domain. By optimizing the OCSR of the OSSB modulated signals, the dynamic range of the OVNA can be effectively improved with 3.7 dB. An analytical model is derived to describe the transfer function of the ODUT.The magnitude and phase responses of a fiber Bragg grating are characterized with a large dynamic range.     

不同融化状态雪的偏振特性分析

在当今全球变暖的形势下,传统对于固态雪的研究已无法满足需求,文章定性分析了不同融化状态雪的偏振反射光谱,重点探讨了偏振角、方位角、光线入射天顶角和探测天顶角与不同融雪类型的关系,发现这些因素对不同融雪类型的偏振反射光谱均有影响。在可见光波段,融雪在90°偏振时的反射比最大,0°偏振时最小;探测角与入射角越大时,融雪的偏振反射比也越大;不同方位角时的融雪偏振反射光谱出现异于其他地物光谱的反常现象;某些波段的偏振光谱特征对判断融雪含水量大小具有一定意义;同时随着含水量的增加偏振反射比显著下降。这些规律为以后利用偏振光谱定量分析融雪特性奠定了基础,同时在淡水资源管理和监测春汛等自然灾害方面也有一定的现实意义。     

Complex Dynamics of Optical Solitons Interacting with Nanoparticles

JETP Letters - The mutual interactions of the dissipative optical solitons with trapped nanoparticles are studied. It is shown that the attraction of the nanoparticles to the solitons can result in...