Fluid–structure interaction modelling of nonlinear aeroelastic structures using the finite element corotational theory

The application of the finite element corotational theory to model geometric nonlinear structures within a fluid–structure interaction procedure is proposed. A dynamic corotational approximately-energy-conserving algorithm is used to solve the nonlinear structural response and it is shown that this algorithm's application with a four-node flat finite element is more stable than the nonlinear implicit Newmark method. This structural dynamic algorithm is coupled with the unsteady vortex-ring method using a staggered technique. These procedures were used to obtain aeroelastic results of a nonlinear plate-type wing subjected to low speed airflow. It is shown that stable and accurate numerical solutions are obtained using the proposed fluid–structure interaction algorithm. Furthermore, it is illustrated that geometric nonlinearities lead to limit cycle oscillations.     

Decentralized control of uncertain nonlinear stochastic systems based on DSC

In this paper, the decentralized stabilization control approach based on the dynamic surface control (DSC) is proposed for a class of large-scale interconnected stochastic nonlinear systems. The proposed approach combined the existing dynamic surface control (DSC) with back-stepping technique. This approach can overcome the problem of “explosion of complexity” inherent in the back-stepping method. Thus, the proposed control approach is simpler than the traditional back-stepping control method for the large-scale interconnected stochastic nonlinear systems. The stability analysis shows that all the signals in the closed-loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB). Finally, an example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control system.     

Determination of nonlinear properties of thermal sprayed ceramic coatings via inverse analysis

A robust procedure to estimate nonlinear mechanical properties of thermally sprayed (TS) ceramic coatings is introduced. Such a method is valuable particularly for TS coatings since each may possess unique properties depending upon its processing condition. Traditionally, their responses have been assumed as linear elastic (isotropic or anisotropic) except in very high temperature environments where softening may occur. However, recent inspections revealed their properties to be more accurately characterized as nonlinear elastic. It appears their distinctive morphology consisting of cracks and interfaces are responsible for such a response. In this work, a versatile procedure to identify nonlinear properties of thermally sprayed coatings is developed. First, a suitable stress–strain model is proposed and then a nonlinear bi-material beam solution is derived. Afterward, an inverse analysis technique is utilized to process the measured curvature–temperature to extract the unknown parameters. Prior to implementing in actual specimens, a detailed simulation study is performed to verify the method’s accuracy as well as robustness. This computational analysis closely replicates deposition processes of TS coatings. With the successful verification, actual curvature measurement of TS yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coating is used to determine the nonlinear properties. The estimated results clearly reveal a significant nonlinearity of the TS coating. The main advantage of this procedure is that it requires essentially no specimen preparation and allows continuous measurements after TS deposition. Furthermore, the data interpretation does not require complex computational models and calculations. This streamlined process makes the present method attractive when evaluations of many specimens are required. The present procedure can be also extended to identify nonlinear properties of other coatings/films on substrates.     

工程结构优化的神经网络方法

本文阐述了神经网络优化计算的基本原理，构造了工程结构优化的神经网络模型。采用模拟退火技术进行模型求解，且巧妙地将退火温度Ｔ的倒数作为Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ乘子，以改善增广目标函数的收敛性。实例计算表明，由非线性模拟神经元组成的大规模并行、互连的网络在工程结构的优化设计中是可行且有效的。     

模拟结构倒塌破坏的有限质点法

有限质点法是以向量式力学为基础的新兴结构分析方法,本文将其应用于冲击荷载作用下的网壳结构的倒塌破坏模拟中。以空间杆单元为例建立了有限质点法的基本方程,推导了求解几何和材料非线性问题的基本公式。为计算断裂问题,建立了空间杆单元的断裂准则和断裂模型,发展了有限质点法进行断裂分析的基本算法。通过对某双层网壳冲击荷载下破坏过程的模拟和分析,验证了该方法在结构倒塌破坏过程模拟中的有效性和适用性。     

Component Mode Synthesis Using Nonlinear Normal Modes

This paper describes a methodology for developing reduced-order dynamic models of structural systems that are composed of an assembly of nonlinear component structures. The approach is a nonlinear extension of the fixed-interface component mode synthesis (CMS) technique developed for linear structures by Hurty and modified by Craig and Bampton. Specifically, the case of nonlinear substructures is handled by using fixed-interface nonlinear normal modes (NNMs). These normal modes are constructed for the various substructures using an invariant manifold approach, and are then coupled through the traditional linear constraint modes (i.e., the static deformation shapes produced by unit interface displacements). A class of systems is used to demonstrate the concept and show the effectiveness of the proposed procedure. Simulation results show that the reduced-order model (ROM) obtained from the proposed procedure outperforms the ROM obtained from the classical fixed-interface linear CMS approach as applied to a nonlinear structure. The proposed method is readily applicable to large-scale nonlinear structural systems that are based on finite-element models.     

考虑双向地震动作用的非对称结构多维Pushover分析

目前的Pushover分析多集中于平面单向分析,考虑到非对称结构反应的多维性,在单向地震动作用振型Pushover分析研究基础上,提出了考虑双向地震动作用的结构多维Pushover分析程序。采用弹性振型分解的思路,将非线性结构反应近似为结构多振型弹塑性反应的叠加,进而将结构按振型等效为多个等效方程,将每一等效方程转化为以双向实际地震记录的组合为地震输入的等效单自由度体系。在此基础上给出了考虑双向地震作用的非对称结构多维Pushover分析程序,并阐述了该方法与传统Pushover分析方法的区别,最后通过算例将该方法结果与非线性时程分析结果进行比较,证明了该方法具有一定的准确性。     

斜拉桥拉索-阻尼器系统非线性响应分析

考虑索的抗弯刚度、垂度及几何非线性的影响，得出了索一阻尼器系统的空间非线性振动偏微分方程，用中心差分法将微分方程在空间内离散，导出了系统的非线性振动常微分方程组。结合Newmark法及虚拟力法提出了一种用于求解非线性振动瞬态响应的杂交分析算法。并以典型的斜拉桥拉索为研究对象，给出了数值算例，并与Runge—Kutta直接积分法进行了比较，说明了杂交算法的准确性及有效性。     

泊松白噪声激励下强非线性系统的半解析瞬态解

自然界与工程中都普遍存在着随机扰动,且大多数呈现出固有的非高斯性质,若采用高斯激励建模可能会导致巨大的误差.泊松白噪声作为一种典型且重要的非高斯激励模型,已引起了广泛的关注.目前,泊松白噪声激励下系统的动态特性分析主要集中于稳态响应的研究,而针对瞬态响应的求解难度仍较大,需进一步发展.本文引入径向基神经网络,提出了一种泊松白噪声激励下单自由度强非线性系统瞬态响应预测的高效半解析方法.首先将广义Fokker-Plank-Kolmogorov (FPK)方程的瞬态解表示为一组含时变待定权值系数的高斯径向基神经网络;然后采用有限差分法离散时间导数项,并结合随机取样技术构造含时间递推式的损失函数;最后通过拉格朗日乘子法使得损失函数最小化获得时变最优权值系数.作为算例,探究了两个经典强非线性系统,并采用蒙特卡罗模拟方法对解析结果加以验证.结果表明:本文方法所获得的瞬时概率密度函数与蒙特卡罗模拟数据吻合地较好,并且算法具备较高的计算效率.在系统响应的整个演化过程中,本文所提方法能够非常有效地捕捉到系统响应在各个时刻下的复杂非线性特征.此外,本文方法所获得的高精度半解析瞬态解,不仅可作为基准解检验其...     

Nonlinear transient response of stay cable with viscoelasticity damper in cable-stayed bridge

Taking the bending stiffness, static sag, and geometric non-linearity into consideration, the space nonlinear vibration partial differential equations were derived. The partical differential equations were discretized in space by finite center difference approximation, then the nonlinear ordinal differential equations were obtained. A hybrid method involving the combination of the Newmark method and the pseudo-force strategy was proposed to analyze the nonlinear transient response of the inclined cable-dampers system subjected to arbitrary dynamic loading. As an example, two typical stay cables were calculated by the present method. The results reveal both the validity and the deficiency of the viscoelasticity damper for vibration control of stay cables. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method is also verified by comparing the results with those obtained by using Runge-Kutta direct integration technique. A new time history analysis method is provided for the research on the stay cable vibration control.     

储液容器内液体晃荡的非线性动力学分析

基于非线性波动理论模型,求解储液容器内液体晃动的固有频率、模态及动力学响应问题。流体使用u_s-u_p状态方程,利用ABAQUS软件的自适应网格技术,建立储液容器液体晃动数学模型,通过施加水平简谐激励得到液体晃动的固有频率和模态,并与解析解对比,验证了该方法的准确性与可行性。然后,分析了矩形储液容器在多种激励作用下液体非线性晃动响应特性。     

受随机激励作用结构的演化设计算法

提出了研究受随机激励作用的结构动力优化的演化设计方法，演化模型以随机激力作用下结构的位移方差为约束，寻求最优的构件尺寸使结构的重量最轻。演化算法采用多种群遗传与搜索空间收缩策略，并利用高效的虚拟随机激励法进行随机响应重分析和准精确罚函数处理约束，保证了算法稳定而迅速地收敛于最优解，算例显示出本文方法的有效性。     

String stability of infinite interconnected systems

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Adaptive fuzzy decentralized control for a class of pure-feedback large-scale nonlinear systems

In this paper, the problem of adaptive fuzzy decentralized control is investigated for a class of pure-feedback nonlinear interconnected large-scale systems. During the controller design, fuzzy logical systems are used to model packaged unknown nonlinearities and backstepping technique is used to construct adaptive fuzzy decentralized controller. It is shown that the proposed control scheme can guarantee that all the signals in the closed-loop system are semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded. The main advantage of this study lies in that only one adaptive parameter needs to be estimated online for each subsystem. Simulation results further illustrate the effectiveness of the suggested approach.     

非完全相关荷载下钢筋混凝土框架结构体系可靠度分析

目前框架结构体系可靠度分析大多是在荷载完全相关的假定下完成的,对于非完全相关荷载作用下的体系可靠度研究则鲜有涉及,对于非理想弹塑性或弹脆性的结构尤其如此.本文在随机系统分析的概率密度演化理论的基础上,结合结构非线性全过程分析的位移控制算法,推导了基于归一化位移参数的结构非线性发展概率密度演化方程和承载力裕度的概率密度演化方程.采用纤维梁柱单元进行非线性分析,研究了钢筋混凝土框架结构在非完全相关荷载下的体系可靠度,并与Monte Carlo法进行了对比分析,证明了文中建议方法的可行性.基于文中方法,分析了荷载相关性对可靠度的影响,计算结果表明,荷载相关性对体系可靠度有比较明显的影响.     

SEISMIC RANDOM VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF LOCALLY NONLINEAR STRUCTURES

A nonlinear seismic analysis method for complex frame structures subjected to stationary random ground excitations is proposed. The nonlinear elasto-plastic behaviors may take place only on a small part of the structure. The Bouc-Wen differential equation model is used to model the hysteretic characteristics of the nonlinear components. The Pseudo Excitation Method (PEM) is used in solving the linearized random differential equations to replace the solution of the less efficient Lyapunov equation. Numerical results of a real bridge show that .the method proposed is effective for practical engineering analysis.     

Analysis of the electromechanical behavior of ferroelectric ceramics based on a nonlinear finite element model

A nonlinear finite element (FE) model based on domain switching was proposed to study the electromechanical behavior of ferroelectric ceramics. The incremental FE formulation was improved to avoid any calculation instability. The problems of mesh sensitivity and convergence, and the efficiency of the proposed nonlinear FE technique have been assessed to illustrate the versatility and potential accuracy of the said technique. The nonlinear electromechanical behavior, such as the hysteresis loops and butterfly curves, of ferroelectric ceramics subjected to both a uniform electric field and a point electric potential has been studied numerically. The results obtained are in good agreement with those of the corresponding theoretical and experimental analyses. Furthermore, the electromechanical coupling fields near (a) the boundary of a circular hole, (b) the boundary of an elliptic hole and (c) the tip of a crack, have been analyzed using the proposed nonlinear finite element method (FEM). The proposed nonlinear electromechanically coupled FEM is useful for the analysis of domain switching, deformation and fracture of ferroelectric ceramics.The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10025209, 10132010 and 90208002), the Research Grants of the Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (HKU7086/02E) and the Key Grant Project of the Chinese Ministry of Education (0306)     

PATH INTEGRAL SOLUTION OF NONLINEAR DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF STRUCTURE UNDER WIND EXCITATION

IntroductionThe dynamic behavior of the nonlinear structure under wind excitation has beenobserved very complicated.Taking guyed masts as an example,only a few collapsingaccidents occurred under extreme atmospheric conditions[1],many took place under mild…     

土的各向同性化变换应力方法

在不同方向的力学参数、结构特性及应力应变关系的不同为材料的各向异性, 建立能够反映这种复杂特性的强度准则、本构模型, 对于材料本构关系的研究具有重要的理论意义. 但材料的各向异性一直是其力学特性描述的难点, 对此, 郑泉水院士提出了各向同性化定理, 为后续研究解决材料的各向异性问题提供了方向及思路. 作者等针对土的应力诱导各向异性提出了变换应力方法, 这种方法同样遵循对材料进行各向异性问题各向同性化处理的思路, 与郑泉水院士的各向同性化定理是一脉相承的, 也是对各向同性化定理的发展. 本文旨在通过分析各向同性化定理与变换应力方法明确两者间的内在联系, 并以土材料的应力诱导各向异性处理为例, 说明在具体材料的各向异性处理过程中面临的现实问题以及变换应力方法是如何解决这些问题的. 分析并给出了变换应力方法应用时的三个合理假设, 推导出了具体的变换应力数学公式, 阐明了在考虑土的应力诱导各向异性的具体函数已经给出的情况下, 在构造土的弹塑性本构模型中采用变换应力方法的必要性.      

Analysis of nonlinear stability and post-buckling for Euler-type beam-column structure

Based on the assumption of finite deformation, the Hamilton variational principle is extended to a nonlinear elastic Euler-type beam-column structure located on a nonlinear elastic foundation. The corresponding three-dimensional (3D) mathematical model for anaiyzing the nonlinear mechanical behaviors of structures is established, in which the effects of the rotation inertia and the nonlinearity of material and geometry are considered. As an application, the nonlinear stability and the post-buckling for a linear elastic beam with the equal cross-section located on an elastic foundation are analyzed.One end of the beam is fully fixed, and the other end is partially fixed and subjected to an axial force. A new numerical technique is proposed to calculate the trivial solution,bifurcation points, and bifurcation solutions by the shooting method and the Newton-Raphson iterative method. The first and second bifurcation points and the corresponding bifurcation solutions are calculated successfully. The effects of the foundation resistances and the inertia moments on the bifurcation points are considered.