湍流对地-空光通信系统性能的影响及自适应光学补偿

空间通信在地 空通信中具有广阔的应用前景。大气湍流引起的相位噪声会严重地影响系统的性能,而自适应光学补偿可使问题得到很好的解决。分析了湍流引起的相位噪声问题,并以Hufnagel湍流模型为例,借助结构函数的概念对这一噪声进行了计算。论证了自适应光学补偿方案。     

大气湍流及瞄准误差联合效应下自由空间光通信的性能

研究了Gamma-Gamma大气湍流信道下闪烁和瞄准误差联合效应对自由空间光通信的性能影响。假定自由空间光通信系统采用开关键控(OOK)强度调制直接探测(IM/DD),推导得出了系统的误码率和中断概率闭合表达式,分析了大气湍流、归一化波束宽度、平均发射功率、归一化的抖动标准差、信噪比等参数对系统性能的影响。基于推导的闭合表达式进行了数值模拟,结果表明能够在给定发射功率下通过优化波束宽度使系统性能达到最优。     

自由空间宽谱部分相干光通信系统

大气湍流对自由空间光通信系统所造成的影响是不可忽略的，为了减弱湍流对空间光通信系统带来的影响，实验搭建了一套通信距离为900 m的真实大气信道宽谱部分相干光通信系统。系统采用皮秒脉冲泵浦高非线性光纤产生超连续谱并滤波得到部分相干宽谱脉冲，对其调制后完成通信。在测试过程中，实验专门设置了一条参考链路，保证了测试环境的一致性。实验结果表明，在中等湍流条件下，系统光强闪烁指数为0.035 8，相比窄线宽通信系统提升了23%，最低探测灵敏度达到了-23.35 dBm，相比窄线宽通信系统提升了42%。与窄线宽激光通信系统相比，宽谱部分相干光通信系统可以明显降低湍流引起的光功率抖动，并提升自由空间光通信系统通信性能。     

西安理工大学无线光通信系统自适应光学技术研究进展

总结了国内外自适应光学技术在无线光通信系统应用中的研究进展和技术分类,同时介绍了西安理工大学在该领域的工作,包括有波前测量的自适应光学系统、无波前测量的自适应光学系统、液晶空间光调制器波前校正、偏摆镜和变形镜组合的波前校正、空间光光纤耦合自适应光学波前校正等。自适应光学技术可有效修正无线光通信系统中由大气湍流引起的畸变波前,提高耦合效率和通信性能。虽然这些方法在理论分析和工程实际中尚不完善,但不失为人们在该领域进行的有益探索。     

Gamma-Gamma大气湍流下相干光通信分集接收技术研究

大气湍流引起的光强闪烁使得自由空间光通信(FSO)系统性能恶化,而分集接收技术可有效改善这一影响。为进一步分析分集接收技术对相干接收系统性能的影响,基于二进制相移键控(BPSK)调制和外差相干接收技术,建立了Gamma-Gamma大气湍流信道模型下自由空间光通信分集接收系统模型。在不同大气湍流强度和接收天线数情况下,分别采取最大比合并(MRC)、选择合并(SC)和等增益合并(EGC),分析了对应的系统误码率(BER)和通信中断概率(OP),并与相同接收口径下的传统单天线接收系统的性能进行了比较。结果表明:MRC、EGC分集接收对大气湍流下的相干通信系统性能有明显改善,而SC分集接收仅当平均信噪比低于某一阈值时对相干通信系统的性能有所优化。     

基于数字相位恢复算法的正交相移键控自由空间相干光通信系统

近年来,大气湍流所引起的信号相位扰动以及光强闪烁对自由空间相干光通信系统性能的影响逐渐成为研究人员关注的焦点。为了提高系统性能,本文对自由空间相干光通信系统进行了研究。在假设大气湍流所引入的光强闪烁以及相位抖动分别服从对数正态以及高斯分布的条件下,本文提出了基于数字相位恢复算法(CPR)的正交相移键控(QPSK)自由空间相干光通信系统,该系统采用了二阶联合的相位恢复算法结构。仿真结果表明:该结构可以极大地降低相位噪声对系统产生的影响,且其误符号率比只采用一阶M次方的相位恢复算法的系统低3个数量级。因此,该系统的提出对于自由空间光通信性能的提升有着较大意义。     

基于重复编码的海上可见光通信大气信道建模

可见光通信作为一种新型无线通信技术,在海上舰船场景中的应用吸引了广泛的关注.海上可见光通信系统受多种因素的影响,包括海浪随机起伏和大气湍流,大气湍流将导致可见光信号的强度随机波动,降低可见光通信系统在大气中的链路质量.本文基于对数正态衰减分布,建立了采用重复编码的海上可见光通信的链路评估模型.在此基础上,根据Pierson-Moskowitz海谱,分析了海上风速、大气折射率结构常数、能见度、重复编码分集度以及接收器孔径对可见光通信系统平均误码率的影响.本文提出的海上大气链路评估模型可为海上可见光通信网络的搭建提供重要参考.     

高效纠错编码技术在无线光通信中的性能分析

在介绍无线光通信信道及系统模型的基础上,推导了无线光通信未编码系统和RS编码系统在已知信道边信息条件下的平均误码率,从接收光功率和对数振幅起伏方差方面对RS码编码系统和Turbo编码系统的性能进行比较.仿真结果表明,采用编码方案可以有效地改善大气湍流对通信链路性能的恶化,Turbo码编码方案比RS码编码方案能更好地抗大气湍流干扰.     

基于自适应光学成像非等晕效应的空变点扩展函数估计模型

针对湍流扰动波前改正的天文自适应补偿成像系统由于等晕区存在而限制了观测视场内有效的补偿区域.这对通过自适应光学系统获取的天文实测数据的充分利用造成很大不便.通过对自适应光学系统空域统计特性的分析,得到空变点扩展函数的成像系统描述.在此基础上,依据大气光学统计理论,通过多相位屏分层大气湍流模型,提出一种利用数值模拟估计空...     

孔径平均效应对采用相位补偿技术的空间相干光通信系统误码率的影响

基于大气湍流影响下的空间相干光通信系统模型和孔径平均效应的平面波模型,通过数值模拟研究了弱光强波动条件下孔径平均效应以及大气湍流内外尺度对相干光通信系统误码率和接收孔径直径最优值的影响。研究结果表明:孔径平均效应能够有效减小相干光通信系统的误码率,改善系统性能;原始信噪比越高,传输距离越短,波长越长,相位补偿模式的J值越大,接收孔径直径越接近最优值,孔径平均效应对误码率的改善效果越明显;孔径平均效应会影响接收孔径直径的最优值,相位补偿模式的J值越大,影响越明显;系统误码率和接收孔径直径最优值会随着大气湍流内尺度的增大而相应增大,随着大气湍流外尺度的减小而相应减小。研究结果将为空间相干光通信系统设计提供必要的理论依据。     

BER analysis of BPSK-SIM-based SISO and MIMO FSO systems in strong turbulence with pointing errors

Free space optics (FSO) is one of the sprouting technologies in optical communication systems domain. It can be employed as an alternative for the conventional radio frequency (RF) links to work out the current limitations in communication systems. But, the major drawback in FSO communication is the effect of random environment conditions on its performance. In this paper, we analyze the bit error rate (BER) and outage performance of single-input single-output (SISO) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) FSO systems in strong atmospheric turbulence using binary phase shift keying subcarrier intensity modulation (BPSK-SIM) signaling technique. The closed-form expressions are derived and the results are realized in terms of 2D and 3D plots.     

临近空间相干激光通信链路外差效率分析

临近空间相干激光通信链路是天地一体化高速通信网络节点间连接的重要链路。围绕外差效率这一表征大气湍流扰动后信号光和本振光相干合成的指标,推导了非均匀湍流路径上的外差效率理论表达式,并结合大气折射率结构常数廓线,开展了临近空间-地面、临近空间-临近空间和临近空间-低轨卫星三类临近空间相干激光通信链路的外差效率仿真。仿真结果表明:临近空间-低轨卫星链路可以忽略大气对外差效率的影响;如果临近空间-临近空间链路距离大于500km或是临近空间-地面链路天顶角大于60°,外差效率将小于50%,有必要采用自适应光学技术进行补偿。     

大气激光通信非对称限幅光正交频分复用技术

将一种新的正交频分复用调制技术运用到大气激光通信系统中,分析了采用这种非对称限幅光正交频分复用调制技术的大气激光通信系统在大气湍流信道下的性能.在此基础上,把非对称限幅光正交频分复用调制方案与传统的开关键控及直流偏置光正交频分复用调制方案进行了比较,并在大气湍流信道中进行了仿真.仿真结果表明:非对称限幅光正交频分复用调...     

Improved free space optical communications performance by using time diversity

A laser beam propagating through turbulence experiences random amplitude and phase fluctuations, which can severely degrade the performance of free space optical communication systems. It this letter, time diversity is demonstrated as a technique which can decrease turbulence influence. Statistically, laser propagation along an atmospheric path is uncorrelated with an earlier-time path for a time interval greater than the atmospheric turbulence correlation time. To estimate time diversity system performance, a 2.2-km optical link is set up for comparing the fade probability of a system using time diversity with a system not using time diversity. The experimental results obtained under different turbulence conditions are shown which are in good agreement with the theory.     

相位不连续点对自适应光学的影响

 分析了激光在湍流大气中传输时，若光束波前中出现相位不连续点，自适应光学校正能力降低的原因，通过数值模拟计算了当光束波前中出现相位不连续点时对自适应光学校正的影响，表明在传输过程中出现不连续点的情况下，为了提高自适应光学的校正能力，必须要考虑不连续相位的影响。     

Superresolution in compensated telescopes

We present a procedure for attaining resolution beyond the diffraction limit in ground-based telescopes. This procedure is based on the use of rotationally symmetric pupil plane filters that can be easily implemented in dynamic optical devices such as a deformable mirror of an adaptive-optics system. We show that a successful application of the technique requires partial compensation for atmospheric distortion by adaptive optics. Consequently, we derive the required level of compensation as a function of the atmospheric conditions. Finally, our results are checked using simulated data.     

Investigation on the influence of intensity scintillation and beam wander in space optical uplink DWDM communication system

Abstract

Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) has been widely applied in ground optical communication. However, the technology of DWDM is still not mature enough in the space optical communication system. In order to further advance the use of DWDM into space optical communication, the probability density function (PDF) and the bit-error rate (BER) performance of DWDM is investigated in uplink communications under the influence of atmospheric turbulence, consisting of intensity scintillation and beam wander caused by atmospheric turbulence. Numerical results show that the atmospheric turbulence has a great impact on BER and PDF, and wavelength, divergence angel, and other relevant parameters should be carefully considered in this DWDM system. This work can be conducive for improving DWDM design of space optical uplink communication systems.     

Free-space laser communications with adaptive optics: Atmospheric compensation experiments

Refractive index inhomogeneities of the turbulent air cause wave-front distortions of optical waves propagating through the atmosphere, leading to such effects as beam spreading, beam wander, and intensity fluctuations (scintillations). These distortions are responsible for severe signal fading in free-space optical communications systems and therefore compromise link reliability. Wave-front distortions can be mitigated, in principle, with adaptive optics, i.e., real-time wave-front control, reducing the likeliness of signal fading. However, adaptive optics technology, currently primarily used in astronomical imaging, needs to be adapted to the requirements of free-space optical communication systems and their specific challenges.In this chapter we discuss a non-conventional adaptive optics approach that has certain advantages with respect to its incorporation into free-space optical communication terminals. The technique does not require wave-front measurements, which are difficult under the strong scintillation conditions typical for communication scenarios, but is based on the direct optimization of a performance quality metric, e.g., the communication signal strength, with a stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm.We describe an experimental adaptive optics system that consists of a beam-steering and a higher-resolution wave-front correction unit with a 132-actuator MEMS piston-type deformable mirror controlled by a VLSI system implementing the SPGD algorithm. The system optimizes the optical signal that could be coupled into a single-mode fiber after propagating along a 2.3-km near-horizontal atmospheric path. We investigate characteristics of the performance metric under different atmospheric conditions and evaluate the effect of the adaptive system. Experiments performed under strong scintillation conditions with beam-steering only as well as with higher-resolution wave-front control demonstrate the mitigation of wave-front distortions and the reduction of signal fading.