脉冲激光引起铜膜镜面的环形损伤波纹研究

用波长1.06μm、半高宽10ns的脉冲Nd:YAG激光辐照铜膜镜面,在激光辐照区,用光学显微镜观察到有规律的环形波纹状损伤图案,波纹平均周期约几十μm。通过对光路系统分析,认为样品前的小孔光阑对激光产生了菲涅尔衍射,使得在样品表面光强分布变成周期性环状分布。在极短的相互作用时间内,热扩散很小,损伤图案依赖于光强分布。并依据实验参数,用柯林斯公式对样品表面的光强分布进行了计算,所得光强分布的周期与损伤波纹的周期基本一致。     

激光辐照下薄膜镜面波纹损伤机理研究

用透镜将脉冲激光束聚焦在铝膜镜面上,在部分样品的激光损伤边缘区,出现波纹状损伤形貌。大多数情况下,有多套波纹同时存在,在镜面形成花纹,或者其中有一两套波纹占优势。提出了脉冲激光辐照下光学元件损伤区边缘产生波纹的一种光干涉模型：认为样品表面本身存在微米级杂质颗粒或者表面缺陷点在激光辐照下首先产生鼓包变形,鼓包或杂质颗粒将激光反射（散射）在未发生变形的区域,与直接辐照在该区域的激光束产生干涉,使得变形区周围的光强呈周期性分布,当变形区进一步损伤后,则在损伤区周围留下了波纹状图案。模拟实验验证了这种设想。     

激光辐照下薄膜镜面波纹损伤机理研究

 用透镜将脉冲激光束聚焦在铝膜镜面上，在部分样品的激光损伤边缘区，出现波纹状损伤形貌。大多数情况下，有多套波纹同时存在，在镜面形成花纹，或者其中有一两套波纹占优势。提出了脉冲激光辐照下光学元件损伤区边缘产生波纹的一种光干涉模型：认为样品表面本身存在微米级杂质颗粒或者表面缺陷点在激光辐照下首先产生鼓包变形，鼓包或杂质颗粒将激光反射（散射）在未发生变形的区域，与直接辐照在该区域的激光束产生干涉，使得变形区周围的光强呈周期性分布，当变形区进一步损伤后，则在损伤区周围留下了波纹状图案。模拟实验验证了这种设想。     

短脉冲激光辐照下金属镜面波纹损伤机理研究

用脉冲Nd：YAG激光(波长1．06μm、半高宽10ns)辐照了多种金属膜层镜面，用光学与原子力显微镜观察到某些样品损伤区或周围有规律的波纹图案，波纹周期从几微米到几十微米。通过分析实验结果，这里提出了波纹产生的光学模型，认为光路系统中某些元件的衍射或者强光与元件表面相互作用过程中产生的干涉可能会导致元件表面波纹状损伤图案。通过理论计算，初步解释了实验中波纹的周期和其他现象。     

脉冲激光辐照硅材料引起表面波纹的特性研究

叙述了激光与材料相互作用过程中引起相干受激光散射的机制,以及形成材料表面波纹的特性。在激光波长1．06μm、能量15mJ、光斑直径2mm、脉冲半峰全宽约10ns和入射方向为布儒斯特角的条件下,进行了脉冲激光辐照硅材料形成表面波纹的实验研究。在脉冲激光辐照硅材料表面功率密度略大于材料损伤阈值的条件下,发现了硅材料表面形成的平行等间距直线条纹结构。用光学显微镜和原子力显微镜分别测量了被辐照硅材料表面的波纹形貌特征。在假设硅材料表面波纹的产生与声波在材料中的传播速度有关的条件下,由声波传播速度和激光辐照硅材料的脉冲宽度较好地解释了材料表面形成条纹的宽度．并认为在形成表面波纹的过程中,热应力起主要作用。     

脉冲激光导致的固体表面损伤研究

利用扫描电镜对波长为１．０６μｍ脉宽为１０ｎｓ的Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ脉冲激光辐照金属Ａｌ和半导体ＧａＡｓ产生的表面形貌变化进行了观察，对不同背景气压下液体的溅射现象进行了分析。实验结果表明，液体的溅射速度和距离随着背景气压的降低而增加。在某些特定的实验条件下，在激光烧蚀ＧａＡｓ的表面上出现了等间距的波纹结构。理论分析发现，这些波纹是由横向表面声波造成的。这些周期性结构的出现与激光功率密度和背景气压密切相关。     

膜系结构对激光损伤阈值的影响

本文以TiO_2/SiO_2及ZrO_2/SiO_2膜系为例,研究了A(HL)~mHG、A[(2p+1)HL]~m(2p+1)HG以及A[H(2q+1)L]~mHG等不同膜系结构对激光损伤阈值的影响.同时结合光学损耗测量及保护膜厚度效应研究,对光学薄膜的激光损伤机理作了初步探讨.     

激光辐照硅、锗材料形成表面波纹实验

随着激光与材料相互作用破坏机理和效应研究的深入，通过大量的实验发现：当激光辐照某些材料表面的功率密度（或能量密度）在损伤阈值附近时，会形成自发的、周期性的、也是永久性的表面波纹。     

激光辐照薄膜镜面产生损伤现象的研究

描述了薄膜镜面因激光辐照产生的波纹现象,对产生机理进行了分析,提出热导波模型。热导波模型比通常的光学模型能更好的解释波纹现象。     

纳秒激光对铜靶环形损伤的实验研究

研究了光强环形分布的纳秒脉冲激光对焦前铜靶的损伤形貌随脉冲功率密度的变化规律,发现在不同功率密度下,铜靶的环形损伤中,凹、凸纹的空间周期及凹凸对比度,随脉冲能量显著变化.使用熔融、蒸发、等离子体吸收和屏蔽及冲击硬化的观点,定性地解释了不同脉冲能量激光作用下烧蚀区不同形貌的成因.     

The morphology of pulsed laser-induced damage on the surface of a copper film mirror

A copper film mirror was irradiated using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser (1.06 μm,10 ns) through an aperture. After laser irradiation, the damaged spot was analyzed using an optical microscope and periodic damage rings were found at the laser irradiation spot, the average spacing of these rings being about 40–50 μm. The damage ring could be observed in the periphery of the laser spot under lower laser energy densities. As the laser fluence increased, the periodic damage rings grew to cover the whole laser spot. Under higher laser energy density, the whole film was damaged and the rings disappeared. A Fresnel diffraction model is used to explain the appearance of these rings. The laser beam is diffracted by the aperture in the optic path, the laser intensity distribution at the copper film mirror becomes periodic rings and damage ripple pattern forms instantly with the laser ablation. The laser intensity distribution at the mirror surface is calculated using Collins formula, with which the period of the damage rings and other phenomena can be explained.     

Evaporation of a thin film coated on a substrate induced by a pulsed laser

The two-dimensional Laplace integral transform technique has been applied to get the spatial and temporal temperature distributions in both the molten layer thickness of a thin film coated on a substrate, the still solid part of the thin film of the target and the temperature distribution in the substrate. Also a formula for the time dependence of the evaporated part of the thin film of the target as well as the molten layer thickness of the thin film were obtained. Calculations of the obtained relations were carried out during the irradiation with a pulsed laser. The derivation has taken into account the temperature-dependent absorption coefficient of the irradiated surface and the chemical reaction in the vapor of the thin film. As an illustrative example, computations were carried out on an aluminum thin film coated on a glass substrate.     

熔石英表面铜膜污染物诱导损伤实验研究

 在熔石英元件表面溅射一层厚度小于10 nm的金属铜膜污染物,并测试元件的透过率。测试355 nm熔石英元件的激光损伤阈值,并用光学显微镜观测损伤形态。实验结果表明：污染后的熔石英元件的损伤阈值降低20%左右,元件表面的金属污染物薄膜经强激光辐照,在熔石英表面形成很多坑状微损伤,分布不均的热应力导致表面起伏,并有明显的烧蚀现象,导致基底损伤阈值下降。建立的光吸收和热沉积传输模型初步解释污染物膜层导致熔石英元件损伤的机理。     

Theoretical and experimental study of laser induced damage on GaAs by nanosecond pulsed irradiation

The surface damage experiments of gallium arsenide (GaAs) single crystal irradiated by 1.06 and 0.53 μm nanosecond irradiations are carried out with fundamental and frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser, respectively. The surface damage thresholds for both wavelengths are experimentally determined and the damaged morphologies and elementary component are analyzed with electron probe microanalyzer (EPM). It is found that the components of Ga and As almost keep constant in our experiments when the irradiated fluence is just around the surface damage threshold and no oxygen is found at all. The theoretical calculations on temperature rise for both wavelengths are carried out using the purely thermal model. It is shown that for irradiation with photon energy above the corresponding band gap the theoretical calculation is in good agreement with the experimental results; however, for that with photon energy just below the band gap, the experimental results cannot be effectively explained by the purely thermal heating mechanism. Combining with the experiment of multi-shot damage from references we finally conclude that the damage by laser irradiation with photon energy below the band gap should be explained by the micro-defect accumulation and consequently enhanced absorption heating mechanism.     

短脉冲激光诱导薄膜损伤的等离子体爆炸过程分析

短脉冲激光诱导薄膜材料损伤过程的研究通常止于薄膜材料发生喷溅.超热喷溅物质吸收剩余激光脉冲能量将形成剧烈的等离子体爆炸过程.采用两步数值计算方法处理等离子体微滴的爆炸过程,即在每一个数值计算时间步长内,将爆炸过程分为两步,第一步处理微滴的绝热膨胀及裂解过程;第二步处理微滴对激光脉冲能量的吸收过程.有效地将微滴吸收激光能量的物理学过程与爆炸动力学过程耦合到一起.分析了喷溅物质微滴在剩余激光脉冲作用下,其半径、膨胀（加）速度、裂解（加）速度、电子及离子的密度与温度等参量随时间变化的演化情况.结果表明：材料喷溅 关键词： 光学薄膜 激光损伤 等离子体 爆炸     

ns脉冲激光对K9玻璃的破坏实验

 采用高速PIN光电探测器和高带宽的数字存储示波器，实时检测透射光脉冲和散射光脉冲的变化特征，并将之用作材料破坏的光学判据，测量得到K9玻璃在1.06μm纳秒脉冲激光作用下的能量损伤阈值约18mJ，相应的能量密度阈值为1.0kJ/cm²。通过分析透射光脉冲和散射光脉冲的特征，给出了材料的破坏时刻，并推断出K9玻璃所能承受的极限光强为10¹⁵W/m²。研究了能量透过率与泵浦能量的关系，并初步探讨了透明材料的破坏机理。结果表明：在多纵模激光的作用下，透明光学材料破坏是电离击穿与自聚焦效应综合作用的结果。