Improved High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatograph with Three Multilayer Coils Connected in Series. III. Evaluation of Semianalytical Column with Various Biological Samples and Inorganic Elements

Abstract

The partition efficiency of the counter-current chromatographic centrifuge was improved by mounting a set of three multilayer coils prepared from a 1.07 mm I.D. and ca 300 m length of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) tube with a total capacity of 270 ml. The high performance of the present apparatus has been successfully demonstrated in separations of various testing samples which include DNP (dinitrophenyl) amino acids, indole auxins, tetracycline derivatives, flavonoids, bacitracin, triterpenoic acids, and lanthanoid chlorides.     

Novel alkyl-modified anionic siloxanes as pseudostationary phases for electrokinetic chromatography. III. Performance in organic-modified buffers

Anionic water-soluble siloxanes modified with different amounts of alkyl chains have been used as pseudostationary phases in electrokinetic chromatography. Ionic siloxane polymers with attached alkyl chains of C8 and C12 and having different alkyl chain densities have been employed previously to achieve selective and efficient separations with a range of electrophoretic mobilities and methylene selectivities. In this study, the performance of three alkyl-modified siloxanes is examined in different organic-modified buffers and at differing amounts of organic modifier. The organic modifiers used are acetonitrile and methanol. The siloxanes are stable in these organic solvents and show good mobility and good methylene selectivities even at high concentration of organic solvent. Siloxanes have also been used to separate a mixture of 14 polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in an acetonitrile-modified buffer.     

新型复合膜优先透醇性能的研究

有机物优先透过膜不仅可以用于有机物的浓缩和回收,还可以用于污水的净化等,因而有机物优先透过型渗透蒸发膜的研究倍受重视^[1].但由于透醇型膜的研究起步较晚,以及膜材料选择和膜制备等诸多原因,致使透醇膜的研究进展缓慢.     

LiFePO_4新型正极材料电化学性能的研究

采用固相反应结合高速球磨法,合成了锂离子电池新型正极材料LiFePO4,并对该材料进行碳包覆处理;采用XRD、SEM、元素分析以及价态化学分析等方法对样品进行表征.实验表明,LiFePO4具有3.4V的放电电压平台,而且包覆碳后的磷酸铁锂具有更好的电化学性能,首次放电容量达147mAh/g,充放电循环100次后容量只衰减9.5%.     

Use of high-efficiency packed columns for gas-solid chromatography : V. Micropacked columns

Micropacked columns are constructed using graphitized carbon black as a support for gas-liquid-solid chromatography. Their effectiveness is evaluated in terms of Van Deemter plots, flow-rates, inlet pressure and column capacity. It is shown that such columns, by choosing an appropriate liquid phase, can be used for a wide range of temperatures and types of compound. Analytical applications connected with the analysis of complex organic mixtures in water are discussed. The problems of the analysis of air pollutants are also considered.     

Column liquid chromatography and microbiological assay compared for determination of cefadroxil preparations.

A reversed-phase column liquid chromatographic method was developed for the assay of cefadroxil in bulk drugs and pharmaceutical preparations. An equation was derived showing a linear relationship between peak-area ratios of cefadroxil to dimethylphthalate (internal standard) and the cefadroxil concentration over a range of 0.02-0.8 mg/ml (r = 0.9999). Standard addition recoveries were generally greater than 97.7%. The coefficients of variation in the within-day assay were between 0.36 and 0.65, and in the between-day assay was 0.71%. The column liquid chromatographic assay results were compared with those obtained from a microbiological assay, which indicated that the proposed method is a suitable substitute for the microbiological method for potency assays and stability studies of cefadroxil preparations.     

用反相液相色谱分离多肽时峰容量与色谱柱长度关系的研究

在蛋白质组学研究中,多肽混合物的有效分离对蛋白质鉴定和蛋白质之间相互作用的研究起着决定性的影响。基于此,用反相液相色谱研究了在两个不同长度的色谱柱上分离多肽混合物时色谱柱长度与峰容量的关系,同时考察了梯度洗脱时间对峰容量和峰宽的影响。实验结果表明,色谱柱长度对峰容量有显著的影响,而延长梯度洗脱时间不仅可以增加峰容量,而且可以增加峰宽。这说明用毛细管液相色谱 串联质谱联用方法对多肽混合物进行分离鉴定时,采用较长的色谱柱和较长的梯度洗脱时间有利于对更多的多肽进行分析鉴定。     

新型空气动力辅助离子源与不同类型质量分析器的快速接口技术

报道了新型空气动力辅助离子化(AFAI)装置与不同类型商业化质量分析器的快速接口技术. 在前期研究基础上, 进一步提高了AFAI系统的抽气流速, 在更宽范围内考察了流速对质谱灵敏度的影响; 对AFAI离子源进行模块化设计和制作, 重点解决快速接口问题, 通过更换接口板可实现其与不同厂家、 不同类型质量分析器的兼容及联用, 尤其可以与具有气帘接口的质量分析器联用. 本离子源装置结合不同质量分析器可以进行全扫描、 子离子扫描、 母离子扫描、 中性丢失扫描和高分辨等多种类型质谱分析, 而且AFAI可在电喷雾(ESI)、 解析电喷雾(DESI)和大气压化学电离(APCI)等多种离子化模式下工作, 从而实现对不同性质化合物的快速检测. 本研究结果进一步提高了AFAI离子化技术的功能, 拓展了其应用范围.     

Microchromatography of hemoglobins. V. Thin-layer chromatography of some hemoglobins on CM-cellulose.

By means of thin-layer ion-exchange chromatography, human hemoglobins A, S, and C in various combinations can be distinctly separated. Also, hemoglobin F can be separated from the A, S, and C components of cord blood samples from infants and in adult blood samples with a relatively high percentage of F (15% or more). The procedure uses CM-cellulose and solutions of Tris-HCl, NaCl, and KCN. A 0.3-mg sample in 5-10 mul of solvent is required. Development can be completed in 30-40 min.     

回流液体柱色谱用于天然产物分析的研究

液体柱色谱是现代分离有机化合物的主要手段。但此法耗费溶剂多,溶剂在下滴过程中污染空气,回收洗出液的工作量大。索氏脂肪提取器(Soxhletextractor)用于提取某些组分,耗费溶剂少,操作方便。有人用索氏提取器分离马兜铃酸,取得较好效果。但与液体柱色谱相比,索氏提取器的分离效果很差。粗短尾析柱的广泛使用,取得了不少经验。我们对比这两种分离方法的优缺点以后,发现可以把二者结合起来。为此,设计了一种新的装置,取名为回流层析柱。它具有液体柱色谱及索氏提取器的优点。     

烯烃在Ag柱上顶替置换色谱机理的研究

选择环己烯、苯或甲基叔丁基醚（ＭＴＢＥ）作为高效液相色谱法（ＨＰＬＣ）流动相改性剂、正己烷为流动相时,吸附在银型磺酸键合硅胶固定相上的烯烃与流动相改性剂之间存在顶替置换作用,即烯烃的容量因子ｋ＇的对数与改性剂浓度［Ｂｍ］的对数间有很好的线性关系。由关联直线的斜率ｐ可获得烯烃置换改性剂的计量关系。但在不同流动相体系下,顶替置换过程不尽相同。在流动相改性剂浓度低于一定值时,内烯烃混合物与α－烯烃混合物都能与饱和烃分离并以不同的ｋ＇流出,各自ｌｇｋ＇值与ｌｇ［Ｂｍ］值之间也有线性关系。