感应同步加速器束团粒子纵向运动数值模拟

依据感应同步加速器验证实验中的相关数据,编写程序,实现了对感应同步加速中粒子纵向动力学过程的数值模拟。针对引起加速初期束团粒子大量丢失的多个可能因素进行了计算分析,明确了各因素对粒子丢失的影响方式和程度。以此为基础,提出了通过大幅减小加速腔体积并同时增加加速腔数量的方式来解决感应同步加速电压幅度实时调节困难的可行性建议,为感应同步加速器的性能提升提供了参考。     

感应同步加速器束团粒子纵向运动数值模拟

依据感应同步加速器验证实验中的相关数据,编写程序,实现了对感应同步加速中粒子纵向动力学过程的数值模拟。针对引起加速初期束团粒子大量丢失的多个可能因素进行了计算分析,明确了各因素对粒子丢失的影响方式和程度。以此为基础,提出了通过大幅减小加速腔体积并同时增加加速腔数量的方式来解决感应同步加速电压幅度实时调节困难的可行性建议,为感应同步加速器的性能提升提供了参考。     

法拉第旋转的演示实验

介绍一种法拉第旋转的演示实验，实验中使用一种自制的放射状检偏器，利用它可以直观地显示地拉第旋转角随磁场变化的现象。     

法拉第电磁感应定律数字化实验仪

设计并制作了法拉第电磁感应定律的实验装置,利用自主研发的软件可自动采集、显示实验数据,利用实验数据在直角坐标系中绘制图象,根据图像判断法拉第电磁感应定律是否正确.     

Experimental demonstration of the time reversal Aharonov-Casher effect

We demonstrate the time reversal Aharonov-Casher (AC) effect in small arrays of mesoscopic semiconductor rings. By using an electrostatic gate we can control the spin precession rate and follow the AC phase over several interference periods. We show that we control the precession rate in two different gate voltage ranges; in the lower range the gate voltage dependence is strong and linear and in the higher range the dependence in almost an order of magnitude weaker. We also see the second harmonic of the AC interference, oscillating with half the period. We finally map the AC phase to the spin-orbit interaction parameter alpha and find it is consistent with Shubnikov-de Haas analysis.     

Experimental demonstration of relativistic electron cooling

We report on an experimental demonstration of electron cooling of high-energy antiprotons circulating in a storage ring. In our experiments, electron cooling, a well-established method at low energies (<500 MeV/nucleon), was carried out in a new region of beam parameters, requiring a multi-MeV dc electron beam and an unusual beam transport line. In this Letter, we present the results of the longitudinal cooling force measurements and compare them with theoretical predictions.     

Experimental demonstration of near-infrared negative-index metamaterials

Metal-based negative refractive-index materials have been extensively studied in the microwave region. However, negative-index metamaterials have not been realized at near-IR or visible frequencies due to difficulties of fabrication and to the generally poor optical properties of metals at these wavelengths. In this Letter, we report the first fabrication and experimental verification of a transversely structured metal-dielectric-metal multilayer exhibiting a negative refractive index around 2 microm. Both the amplitude and the phase of the transmission and reflection were measured experimentally, and are in good agreement with a rigorous coupled wave analysis.     

Experimental demonstration of counterfactual quantum communication

Quantum effects, besides offering substantial superiority in many tasks over classical methods, are also expected to provide interesting ways to establish secret keys between remote parties. A striking scheme called "counterfactual quantum cryptography" proposed by Noh [Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 230501 (2009).] allows one to maintain secure key distributions, in which particles carrying secret information are seemingly not being transmitted through quantum channels. We have experimentally demonstrated, for the first time, a faithful implementation for such a scheme with an on-table realization operating at telecom wavelengths. To verify its feasibility for extension over a long distance, we have furthermore reported an illustration on a 1?km fiber. In both cases, high visibilities of more than 98% are achieved through active stabilization of interferometers. Our demonstration is crucial as a direct verification of such a remarkable application, and this procedure can become a key communication module for revealing fundamental physics through counterfactuals.     

匀速直线运动的实验演示

介绍了用落球法演示匀速直线运动的方法、原理。     

Experimental demonstration of quantum source coding

We report an experimental demonstration of Schumacher's quantum noiseless coding theorem. Our experiment employs a sequence of single photons, each of which represents three qubits in terms of eight spatial and polarization modes. We initially prepare each photon in one of a set of eight nonorthogonal code word states corresponding to the value of a block of three binary letters. We use quantum coding to compress this quantum data into a two-qubit quantum channel and then uncompress the two-qubit channel to restore the original data with a fidelity approaching the theoretical limit.     

Experimental demonstration of probabilistic quantum cloning

The method of quantum cloning is divided into two main categories: approximate and probabilistic quantum cloning. The former method is used to approximate an unknown quantum state deterministically, and the latter can be used to faithfully copy the state probabilistically. Thus far, many approximate cloning machines have been experimentally demonstrated, but probabilistic cloning remains an experimental challenge, as it requires more complicated networks and a higher level of precision control. In this work, we design an efficient quantum network with a limited amount of resources and perform the first experimental demonstration of probabilistic quantum cloning in a NMR quantum computer. In our experiment, the optimal cloning efficiency proposed by Duan and Guo [Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4999 (1998)] is achieved.     

Experimental demonstration of single photon nonlocality

In this Letter we experimentally implement a single photon Bell test based on the ideas of S. Tan et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 252 (1991)]] and L. Hardy [Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 2279 (1994)]]. A double homodyne measurement is used to measure correlations in the Fock space spanned by zero and one photons. Local oscillators used in the correlation measurement are distributed to two observers by copropagating it in an orthogonal polarization mode. This method eliminates the need for interferometrical stability in the setup, consequently making it a robust and scalable method.     

Experimental demonstration of a photonic-crystal-fiber optical diode

Two cascaded hollow-core photonic-crystal fibers with slightly shifted, but still overlapping, transmission peaks are shown to function as an optical diode for ultra-short laser pulses. Submicrojoule 100-fs Ti:sapphire laser pulses with a spectrum falling within the passband of one of the fibers, but outside the passband of the second fiber, experience spectral broadening due to self-phase modulation in the first fiber. A part of this self-phase-modulation-broadened spectrum is then transmitted through the second fiber. Identical short pulses propagating in the opposite direction are blocked by the second fiber with a shifted passband. A forward-to-backward signal ratio exceeding 40 is achieved with the created photonic-crystal fiber diode for 0.9-J, 100-fs pulses of 800-nm Ti:sapphire laser radiation. PACS 42.65.Wi; 42.81.Qb     

Experimental demonstration of a dual-band metamaterial absorber

We present the design, simulation and fabrication of a dual-band metamaterial absorber. The designed structure consists of periodic composite metallic holes array and dielectric layer. The availability of absorption enhancement is verified by our measured results. Cavity and electrical resonances lead to these two absorption peaks at ${\mathit{\lambda }}_1=1.8\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{m}$ and ${\mathit{\lambda }}_2=4.3\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{m}$. Effects of structural parameters on absorption and resonant wavelengths have been experimentally surveyed. The average absorption can be increased by optimizing the structural parameters of the designed metamaterial absorber.     

Experimental demonstration of decoherence-free one-way information transfer

We report the experimental demonstration of a one-way quantum protocol reliably operating in the presence of decoherence. Information is protected by designing an appropriate decoherence-free sub-space for a cluster state resource. We demonstrate our scheme in an all-optical setup, encoding the information into the polarization states of four photons. A measurement-based one-way information-transfer protocol is performed with the photons exposed to severe symmetric phase-damping noise. Remarkable protection of information is accomplished, delivering nearly ideal outcomes.     

Experimental demonstration of complementarity with single photons

We demonstrate the principle of complementarity in quantum mechanics in a single-photon interference experiment. Single photons are provided by isolated, optically pumped nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, which can be easily addressed by confocal microscopy. In order to observe the particle-like behavior of photons, we perform an elementary Welcher-Weg measurement, detecting photons behind a beam splitter. In contrast, if we dispense with this Welcher-Weg information, we observe interference fringes with a visibility of about 96%, revealing the wave nature of the photon. Received: 29 August 2002 / Revised version: 12 December 2002 / Published online: 26 February 2003 RID="*" ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax +49-89/2180-5032, E-mail: Harald.Weinfurter@physik.uni-muenchen.de