基于二通道不可分加性小波的多光谱图像融合

提出了伸缩矩阵为[1,1;1,-1]的不可分小波的一种构造方法,并把它应用于多光谱图像与高分辨力全色图像的融合中。提出了一种二通道对称的不可分小波滤波器组的构造方法,设计出多组具有紧支撑、对称性和正交性的不可分小波6×6滤波器组,利用此类滤波器组中的低通滤波器对图像进行加性分解与重构。采用三种模式NAWS、NAWRGB和NAWL对ETM 及其它类多光谱图像与高分辨力全色图像进行融合研究。实验结果表明,该方法对多光谱图像与高分辨力全色图像的融合有较好的融合效果,与传统的融合方法相比,该方法既能保持多光谱图像的光谱信息,又能保持高分辨力全色图像的高分辨力特性,克服了传统张量积小波融合方法不能得到高分辨力图像的不足,并能节约运算量。     

Depth-control method for integral imaging

We present a method for controlling the depth of three-dimensional (3D) images reconstructed by integral photography. Incoherent light is reflected from 3D objects, propagates through a lens array, and is captured as the first elemental images by a capturing device. The second elemental images of the 3D images are generated by numerical processing from the first elemental images in accordance with the desired depth. The optical reconstruction of 3D images at the desired depth by the second elemental images is confirmed experimentally.     

Comparative analysis of the resolving power of optoelectronic imaging systems upon incoherent and coherent illumination of objects

Results of calculations of the resolving power (according to Foucault) of optoelectronic imaging systems with incoherent and coherent illumination under the conditions of atmospheric phase distortions are presented. It is suggested that incoherent optical images are formed in the case of incoherent illumination and speckle images are formed in the case of coherent illumination. The shape of objects observed is estimated from these images. The resolving powers are shown to be practically the same in the formation of incoherent optical images and speckle images in the case of strong phase distortions and smoothing of images by a matrix photodetector. At the same time, the limiting resolving power in the formation of incoherent optical images is twice as large as in the formation of speckle images.     

一种改进的基于小波方向对比度的无缝拼接算法

为了提高图像无缝拼接效果,对现有平滑算法进行分析,在此基础上提出一种基于小波方向对比度的中缝平滑算法。该算法首先对源图像进行基于统计参数的预处理,使得图像整体亮度趋于一致,然后利用小波变换对图像进行多分辨率分解,对于分解后的图像提出采用一种基于改进的小波方向对比度的规则进行平滑处理。文中还通过几种图像客观评价标准对仿真结果进行了评价,结果表明：该方法在两图像灰度相差较大时也能够取得较好的平滑效果,对光照具有鲁棒性,并且平滑后的图像可以保留原始图像的细节信息,使得图像在保证清晰度的前提下达到无缝拼接。     

不均匀光照和重影的仪表图像二值化方法

高压计量仪表识别过程中需要对图像进行二值化操作,然而拍摄的仪表图像多出现光照不均和数字重影现象,导致传统方法对仪表图像的二值化困难。为此,提出一种基于卷积神经网络的二值化方法,用于对复杂光照下含数字重影的仪表图像二值化。该网络使用的数据集为真实环境下的仪表图像,首先对输入的图像进行降维提取特征,然后反卷积重建图像前景,最后输出二值图。将设计的网络与传统的二值化方法进行对比,实验结果表明,经该网络训练得到的二值图数字清晰且无重影,且测得的交并比（IoU）平均值为95.12,与样本标签图像的相似度最高,能够有效解决复杂环境下有重影的仪表图像二值化问题。     

被动式太赫兹图像目标检测研究

研究提出一种被动式太赫兹扫描成像的目标检测方法。用0.22 THz被动式扫描成像系统采集原始图像,在滤波去噪后用针孔像分析法获得太赫兹扫描成像系统的点扩展函数,进而用Lucy-Richardson算法重构图像,通过灰度变换和边缘检测增强图像对比度和目标分辨力。实验结果表明,算法能有效改善被动式太赫兹图像质量,提高成像系统探测隐藏可疑物的能力。     

三维显微图像复原及点扩散函数的研究

三维显微图像去卷积计算量巨大,运算时间长。评价和分析了三维点扩散函数、散焦像、光学切片以及不同三维点扩散函数去卷积的复原图像,进一步证明了散焦光信息对焦面像的干扰,主要来自于焦面像两侧附近的散焦像。提出了折中选择三维PSF的空间大小,可以获得良好的复原效果,并且减少运行时间。提出了频谱图均值的新概念,作为评价图像清晰及模糊程度的标准,并运用于散焦像、光学切片以及复原结果图的评价。     

波前解卷积方法中的高频噪声抑制

 介绍了一种波前解卷积中噪声抑制规整化的新方法，并将此方法应用于室内模拟点源实验中。该方法通过在图像复原算法中增加针对图像高频部分的限制条件来抑制高频噪声，以达到对图像复原问题病态特性的规整化。实验结果表明：该规整化方法可以有效地抑制解卷积过程中高频噪声的影响，恢复出达到理论衍射极限分辨率的图像。对于噪声水平较高的降质图像，通过这种解卷积方法可以有效地提高信噪比。同维纳逆滤波方法相比，该方法可以在有效抑制导致病态的高频噪声的基础上充分保持图像的低频；与基于贝叶斯估计的近视解卷积算法相比，该方法不需要知道噪声水平或噪声类型等先验知识，只是从噪声本质出发，通过抑制降质图像高频部分，有效地解决了病态特性问题。     

Deep unregistered multi-contrast MRI reconstruction

Multiple magnetic resonance images of different contrasts are normally acquired for clinical diagnosis. Recently, research has shown that the previously acquired multi-contrast (MC) images of the same patient can be used as anatomical prior to accelerating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, current MC-MRI networks are based on the assumption that the images are perfectly registered, which is rarely the case in real-world applications. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end deep neural network to reconstruct highly accelerated images by exploiting the shareable information from potentially misaligned reference images of an arbitrary contrast. Specifically, a spatial transformation (ST) module is designed and integrated into the reconstruction network to align the pre-acquired reference images with the images to be reconstructed. The misalignment is further alleviated by maximizing the normalized cross-correlation (NCC) between the MC images. The visualization of feature maps demonstrates that the proposed method effectively reduces the misalignment between the images for shareable information extraction when applied to the publicly available brain datasets. Additionally, the experimental results on these datasets show the proposed network allows the robust exploitation of shareable information across the misaligned MC images, leading to improved reconstruction results.     

图像的微分处理与相关识别

介绍了小波图像微分原理,并对图像的微分处理与相关识别进行了实验分析和研究。实验结果表明,对图像进行小波微分预处理后,可以有效地减少图像中的低频成份,这就使图像相关运算更多地比较了图像的细节变化,增加了相关图像的信息量,可以有效地提高图像的识别能力。     

Imaging metal surfaces by pulsed laser stimulated field desorption of field adsorbed atoms

Atomic images of Pt and Mo surfaces have been obtained using pulsed laser stimulated field desorption of field adsorbed atoms. The resolution of the desorption images is slightly inferior to low temperature field ion images. The direct correspondence of the images produced by thermally desorbed field adsorbed atoms with field ion images supports previous calculations suggesting apex site field adsorption of image gas atoms on field emitter surfaces.     

Novel quantum secret image-sharing scheme

In this paper, we propose a novel quantum secret image-sharing scheme which constructs m quantum secret images into m+1 quantum share images. A chaotic image generated by the logistic map is utilized to assist in the construction of quantum share images first. The chaotic image and secret images are expressed as quantum image representation by using the novel enhanced quantum representation. To enhance the confidentiality, quantum secret images are scrambled into disordered images through the Arnold transform. Then the quantum share images are constructed by performing a series of quantum swap operations and quantum controlled-NOT operations. Because all quantum operations are invertible, the original quantum secret images can be reconstructed by performing a series of inverse operations. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation proved both the security and low computational complexity of the scheme, which has outperformed its classical counterparts. It also provides quantum circuits for sharing and recovery processes.     

Improvement of the acquisition of a large amount of MR images on a conventional whole body system

Modern whole body MR systems are equipped with echo-planar-imaging capability, which allows the measurement of a single slice in a fraction of a second or of thousands of images in few minutes. A considerable restriction to the acquisition of series containing large amounts of images in patient examinations is the time-consuming data handling time of the images at conventional systems, which includes the time to insert the images into the systems database. We propose the arrangement of several images on a new image with a large matrix size like a mosaic. The handling time depends mostly on the number of images without consideration of their matrix size. Therefore, image handling is strongly reduced by the use of such mosaic images.     

Analysis of speckle images to assess surface roughness

Digital speckle images are photographed for different aluminum rough surfaces using a CCD camera. The obtained speckle images are fed to a PC and analyzed making use of the MATLAB program. The computerized binary images are investigated. The signal-to-noise ratio is computed from these numerical images. It is shown that the surface roughness of the examined surfaces is dependent upon the degree of agglomeration of the speckle images.     

Renal-related perinephric fluid collections: MRI findings

We retrospectively reviewed MR studies on 10 patients with renal-related perinephric fluid collections who underwent MRI in three institutions between January 2001 and August 2004. All patients underwent MRI of the abdomen and T1-weighted, T2-weighted and serial contrast-enhanced images, including delayed-phase contrast-enhanced images 10-12 min after contrast injection, were obtained. Perinephric fluid collections in 5 patients revealed MRI findings of simple fluid content (i.e., hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images). In another 5 patients, a complex perinephric fluid content (i.e., mixed hyper/hypointense on T1-weighted images and mixed hypo/hyperintense on T2-weighted images compatible with blood breakdown products and pus) was observed. In 5 patients, contrast extravasation on late-phase images that was compatible with urine leak was demonstrated. Our results suggest that MRI may determine the content of perinephric fluid collections on noncontrast T1-weighted and T2-weighted images and that contrast extravasation on late-phase images is associated with urine extravasation from renal collecting systems.     

基于非采样Contourlet变换高分辨率遥感图像配准

为了提高高分辨率遥感图像配准的精确度,将非采样Contourlet变换应用于高分辨率遥感图像配准算法中.首先对高分辨率遥感图像进行非采样Contourlet变换.利用非采样Contourlet变换的平移不变性在变换域提取图像的边缘并选择合适的阈值准确地得到图像的边缘特征点.然后利用归一化互相关匹配法和概率支撑法对特征点进行匹配.最后通过三角形局部变换映射甬数实现图像配准.实验结果表明,该方法更能准确地提取高分辨率遥感图像的特征点,大大提高了正确匹配的概率,与基于小波方法的图像配准效果相比有更高的准确性和稳健性.     

平行摄像机阵列移位法获取视差图像的研究

平行摄像机阵列移位法是一种摄像机阵列获取三维场景的视差图像的新方法.该方法在平行摄像机阵列法的基础上,将获取的视差图像进行平移处理,获得了立体显示所需的具有正、负水平视差的视差图像,且这些视差图像没有楔形失真和垂直视差.该方法集中了会聚摄像机阵列法和平行摄像机阵列法两种常规方法各自的优点并摒弃了其缺点.实验证实,所获取的视差图像在光栅式自由立体显示器上得到了三维场景的清晰逼真再现显示效果.     

一种基于特征点跟踪的电子稳像算法

提出一种基于特征点跟踪的稳像算法。该算法从参考帧图像中提取出一组特征点,然后在后续帧中进行基于Kalman滤波的特征点的跟踪,匹配参考帧图像中特征点的坐标和当前图像中基于Kalman滤波修正后得到的特征点的坐标,并通过仿射模型求出位移量及旋转参数,最后进行反向变换,从而得到稳定的视频图像。实验结果表明:该算法稳像效果好,运算复杂度低,且具有较强的鲁棒性。     

Proton decoupled 13C NMR imaging

Proton decoupled 13C images were obtained at 2.1 Tesla. 13C[1H] images showed an increase in sensitivity over nondecoupled 13C images because of the nuclear Overhauser effect and elimination of multiple lines from scalar 13C-1H spin-spin couplings. The improvement in S/N for 13C[1H] images was smaller than expected because of a significant decrease in decoupling efficiency when 13C spin echoes were acquired in a readout gradient. Images of 13C compounds that had a wide range of chemical shifts showed separated and/or overlapping images, which is consistent with chemical shift imaging artifacts seen in 1H images. This work examines the technical constraints of acquiring and the difficulties of interpreting 13C[1H] images.     

X射线荧光全息术中入射能量对原子像的影响

X射线荧光全息术是一种新型的显微成像技术，它能在原子水平上直接观察到晶体内部的三维结构。然而它所得到的原子像存在明显的孪生像现象。因此，采用多重能量的全息记录来消除孪生像。分别以单个和多个铁原子为模型，数值模拟了它们在4π立体角范围内、不同范围的入射能量的情况下记录的全息图。比较由这些全息图重构得到的原子像，发现入射能量范围越宽，其消除孪生像的效果越好，而且随着入射能量的提高，其原子像的分辨力也越高。