The synthesis and decarbonylation of (η5-C5H5)Mo(Co)2(COCH3)E(C6H5)3, where E is arsenic or antimony

The synthesis of the title compounds by reaction of (η⁵-C₅H₅)Mo(CO)₃CH₃ with excess As(C₆H₅)₃ or Sb(C₆H₅)₃ in CH₃CN is described. Thermal decarbonylation results in the preferential ejection of As(C₆H₅)₃ or Sb(C₆H₅)₃ from the new acetyl complexes, which accounts for the failure of previous attempts to synthesise the acetyl complexes. Photolytic decarbonylations lead to new-alkyl complexes (η⁵-C₅H₅)Mo(CO)₂(CH₃)E(C₆H₅)₃. IR and NMR data for the new complexes are tabulated.     

Role of B(C6F5)3 in activating the nickel-methyl complex (η-C5H5)Ni(CH3)(PPh3) to initiate the vinyl polymerization of norbornene

The Ni-methyl complex (η⁵-C₅H₅)Ni(CH₃)(PPh₃) (1) reacted with B(C₆F₅)₃ to give an unstable contact ion-pair complex with a μ-methyl bridge between the Ni and B atoms. Formation of the B-CH₃ bond was confirmed by the reaction of this complex with PPh₃ to give [(η⁵-C₅H₅)Ni(PPh₃)₂][B(CH₃)(C₆F₅)₃] which was structurally characterized. Spontaneous decomposition of the contact ion-pair complex yielded (η⁵-C₅H₅)Ni(C₆F₅)(PPh₃) which is very stable and does not show any reactions with norbornene with or without added B(C₆F₅)₃. ¹⁹F NMR study showed that the polynorbornene obtained by the catalysis of 1/B(C₆F₅)₃ system has the C₆F₅ end-group. A series of reactions, which includes CH₃/C₆F₅ exchange between the Ni and B centers with concomitant dissociation of PPh₃ to accept coordination of a norbornene monomer, is proposed as the route to active species that can initiate vinyl polymerization of norbornene.     

Preparation and characterization of M(CH3)5 (M = Nb or Ta) and Ta(CH2C6H5)5 and evidence for decomposition by α-hydrogen atom abstraction

The preparations of Nb(CH₃)₅, Ta(CH₃)₅, and Ta(CH₂C₆H₅)₅ are reported in detail. The M(CH₃)₅ complexes decompose autocatalytically to give 3.4 ± 0.1 mol of methane and a non-hyclrolyzable residue with approximate composition MC_1–5H while Ta(CH₂C₆H₅)₅ decomposes in a non-autocatalytic manner to give ca. 2.6 mol of toluene per Ta. Decomposition of Nb(CD₃)₅ gave 96% CD₄ in diethyl ether while the toluene produced on decomposition of Ta(CD₂C₆H₅)₅ was at least 90%-d₃. An observed kinetic deuterium isotope effect of 2–3 in each case is evidence that an α-CH(D) bond is broken in a slow step of the decomposition. It is postulated that M(CH₃)₅ and Ta(CH₂C₆H₅)₅ decompose primarily by α-hydrogen atom abstraction though almost certainly in a complex, possibly intermolecular fashion in the case of M(CH₃)₅. In neither case (R = CH₃ or CH₂C₆H₅) was there evidence for significant homolytic cleavage of the metalcarbon bond to give free alkyl radicals.     

Die thermische reaktion von C5H5(CO)2FeNa mit benzimidchloriden C6H5(Cl)CNR

η⁵-C₅H₅(CO)₂FeNa reacts with the benzimide chlorides C₆H₅(Cl)CNR (R  CH(CH₃)₂, C₆H₅) in boiling THF to give the η¹-iminoacyl complexes η⁵-C₅H₅ (CO)₂Fe[η¹-C(C₆H₅)NR]. Alternatively, the new Fe complexes [η⁵-C₅H₅(CO)Fe$\text{C(C}{}_6\text{H}{}_5\text{)N(CH}{}_3\text{)C(C}{}_6\text{H}{}_5\text{)N}$CH₃PF₆ (IV) and [η⁵-C₅H₅(CO)₂FeC(C₆H₅)N(CH₃)C(C₆H₅)NCH₃]PF₆ (V) are formed under the same conditions, if R  CH₃. Hudrolysis of the CN single bond of the ligand in V, not stabilized by a chelate effects as in IV, results in the formation of [η⁵-C₅H₅(CO)₂FeC(C₆H₅)NHCH₃]PF₆ (VII). Reaction of η⁵-C₅H₅(CO)₂ with N-benyzylbenzimido chloride yields η⁵-C₅H₅(CO)₂FeCH₂C₆H₅ as the only isolated product.     

Conformational analysis in diastereoisomer equilibria of square-pyramidal [C5H5(CO)2Mo pyridine-2-imine]PF6 complexes

Synthesis and characterization of sonic new square-pyramidal pyridine-2-imine complexes [C₅,H₅,(CO)₂,MoNC₅,H₄,CX=NCH(R₁)(R₂)]PF₆ with X = CH₃, C₆H₅ and chiral amine, 1-phenyl-isobutylamine and amino acid methyl ester H₂NCH(COOCH₃)(R) with (R) = (CH₂C₆H₅) and (C₂H₅) have been reported. In combination with Mo chirality (R) and (S), mixtures of two diastereoisomeric pairs of enantiomers with racemic amine and amino acids were obtained which were separated by fractional cystallization. The diastereoisomers differ in the chemical shift of most of their ¹H NMR signals and interconvert on heating in acetone-d₆ at 80°C for 80 hr and 40°C for 200 hr. On the basis of three conformational determining effects (i) C-H or C-alkyl of the asymmetric centre eclipses the ligand plane, (ii) MC₅H₅/C₆H₅ attraction and (iii) MC₅H₅/alkyl repulsion in order of decreasing significance, the chemical shifts of the C₅H₅ signals, their differences as well as the diastereoisomer ratio at equilibrium for all the complexes has been rationalised.     

Synthesis and crystallographic characterization of a dicyclopentadienylvanadium alkynide complex: (C5H5)2VCCC(CH3)3

(C₅H₅)₂VCl reacts with LiCCC(CH₃)₃ to form (C₅H₅)₂VCCC(CH₃)₃ which was characterized by spectroscopic, analytical, and crystallographic methods. The complex crystallizes from pentane at 0°C as a monomer in the orthorhombic space group Pnma with four molecules in a unit cell of dimensions a 9.075(3), b 9.807(3), c 16.444(5) Å. Full-matrix least-squares refinement based upon 1300 nonzero intensity data converged to a final conventional R factor of 0.060. The molecule has a mean VC₅H₅-ring centroid distance of 1.941 Å with 146.6° ring centroid-V-ring centroid angle. The vanadium alkynide carbon distance is 2.075(5) Å.     

Optisch aktive übergangsmetall-komplexe : VIII. (+)- und (−)-C5H5Fe(CO)[CN-CH(CH3)(C6H5]J

The interaction of C₅H₅Fe(CO)₂I with (+)-α-methylbenzyl isocyanide yields the diastereoisomeric pair (+)- and (−)-C₅H₅Fe(CO)[CN-CH(CH₃)- (C₆H₅)]I. The two diastereoisomers can be separated on the basis of their different solubilities by repeated precipitation from methylene chloride/pentane. Excluding light the complexes are configurationally stable in the solid state as well as in solution. In daylight, however, the optical rotations decrease rapidly (photoracemisation). The ORD and CD spectra (+)- and (−)-C₅H₅Fe(CO)[CN-CH(CH₃)(C₆H₅)]I show pronounced Cotton effects.     

Etude vibrationnelle des composes (C4H4P)Mn(CO)3 et [C4H2(CH3)2P]Mn(CO)3 et calcul du champ de force du cycle C4H4P complexe

The Raman and infrared spectra (4000200 cm^?1) of (C₄H₄P)Mn(CO)₃ and (C₄D₄P)Mn(CO)₃, and of [C₄H₂(CH₃)₂P]Mn(CO)₃ and [C₄D₂(CH₃)₂P]Mn(CO)₃ in the liquid and solid states (10–400 K) have been investigated. A complete vibrational assignment is proposed and valence force fields of the (C₅H₅) and (C₄H₄P) cycles are compared. From these results, it is clearly shown that the (C₄H₄P) rings are more electrophilic and weaker π-electron donors than (C₅H₅) rings, this is in agreement with their chemical behavior.     

Reactions of methyl and ethyl halides with the complexes Ni[P(C2H5)3]4 and Ni(X)[P(C2H5)3]3

The rates of the thermal reaction of the nickel(0) complex Ni[P(C₂H₅)₃]₄ with the alkyl halides CH₃Br, CH₃I in toluene have been compared with those of the reactions of the nickel(I) complexes Ni(X)[P(C₂H₅)₃]₃ (X  Br,I). The organic products from CH₃X are methane and ethane, and those from C₂H₅I are ethane and ethylene. The reactivity of the nickel(I) complexes is 10–20 times less than that of the nickel(0) complex. The result suggest that the first step of the reaction of nickel(0) with CH₃I is the expected oxidative addition of the halide to the metal substrate. The intermediate thus formed decomposes to produce ethane (and small amounts of methane) without further reaction with the organic halide. This mechanism is supported by deuterium-labeling experiments.     

Synthesis and reactivity of [N(C6H4Br)3][B(C6F5)4]: the X-ray crystal structure of [Fe(C5H5)2][B(C6F5)4]

A new chemical oxidant [N(4-C₆H₄Br)₃][B(C₆F₅)₄], was prepared and used to synthesize [Fe(C₅H₅)₂][B(C₆F₅)₄]. The crystal structure of [Fe(C₅H₅)₂][B(C₆F₅)₄] was determined.     

Simple protocol for the synthesis of the asymmetric PCP pincer ligand [C6H4-1-(CH2PPh2)-3-(CH(CH3)PPh2)] and its Pd(II) derivative [PdCl{C6H3-2-(CH2PPh2)-6-(CH(CH3)PPh2)}]

The asymmetric PCP pincer ligand [C₆H₄-1-(CH₂PPh₂)-3-(CH(CH₃)PPh₂)] (4) has been synthesized in a facile manner in three simple steps in high yield. Metallation of PCP pincer ligand (4) with [Pd(COD)Cl₂] affords complex [PdCl{C₆H₃-2-(CH₂PPh₂)-6-(CH(CH₃)PPh₂)}] (7) in good yield.     

Novel sandwich complexes of zirconium [C9H5(SiMe3)2](C5Me4R)ZrCl2 (R = CH3, CH2CH2NMe2): Synthesis and reduction behavior

Novel half-sandwich [C₉H₅(SiMe₃)₂]ZrCl₃ (3) and sandwich [C₉H₅(SiMe₃)₂](C₅Me₄R)ZrCl₂ (R = CH₃ (1), CH₂CH₂NMe₂ (2)) complexes were prepared and characterized. The reduction of 2 by Mg in THF lead to (η⁵-C₉H₅(SiMe₃)₂)[η⁵:η²(C,N)-C₅Me₄CH₂CH₂N(Me)CH₂]ZrH (7). The structure of 7 was proved by NMR spectroscopy data. Hydrolysis of 2 resulted in the binuclear complex ([C₅Me₄CH₂CH₂NMe₂]ZrCl₂)₂O (6). The crystal structures of 1 and 6 were established by X-ray diffraction analysis.     

Kristall-und molekülstrukturen zweier modifikationen de hexaphenyldigermylsulfids (C6H5)3GeSGe(C6H5)3

en Two differnt crystal modifications of hexaphenyldigermanium sulfide (C₆H₅GeSGe(C₆H₅)₃ (I and II were obtained by crystallization from hot benzene/methanol or form ethanol at 20°C. Single crystal X-ray structural analyses for both I (low temperature data at ?130°C) and II (at 20°C) (I, R = 0.046; II, R = 0.048) were performed. I is monoclinic, P2¹/c, with a = 11.020(3), b = 15.473(3), c 18.606(3) »,π = 106.92(2)°, Z = 4; II is orthorhombic, P2₁2₁2₁, with a = 2.617(2), b = 17.345(3), c = 18.408(3) », Z = 4.The molecules have different conformeric structures with respect to a rotation of the (C₆H₆)₃Ge groups around the Ge bonds with very similar bond lenghts and angles. Bond data for I(II) are: GeS 2.212(1) and 2.261(1) » (2.227(2) and 2.240(2) »); GeC 1.933(4) ? 1.971(4), mean 1.945(5) » (1.931(7)?1.954(7), mean 1.943(4) »); GeSGe 111.2(1)° (110.7(1)°). The Ge bond lenghts are comparable to those in thiogermanates and do not indicate significant π-bond contributions.     

Iodomethane oxidative addition and CO migratory insertion in monocarbonylphosphine complexes of the type [Rh((C6H5)COCHCO((CH2)nCH3))(CO)(PPh3)]: Steric and electronic effects

The chemical kinetics, studied by UV/Vis, IR and NMR, of the oxidative addition of iodomethane to [Rh((C₆H₅)COCHCOR)(CO)(PPh₃)], with R = (CH₂)_nCH₃, n = 1-3, consists of three consecutive reaction steps that involves isomers of two distinctly different classes of Rh^III-alkyl and two distinctly different classes of Rh^III-acyl species. Kinetic studies on the first oxidative addition step of [Rh((C₆H₅)COCHCOR)(CO)(PPh₃)] + CH₃I to form [Rh((C₆H₅)COCHCOR)(CH₃)(CO)(PPh₃)(I)] revealed a second order oxidative addition rate constant approximately 500-600 times faster than that observed for the Monsanto catalyst [Rh(CO)₂I₂]⁻. The reaction rate of the first oxidative addition step in chloroform was not influenced by the increasing alkyl chain length of the R group on the β-diketonato ligand: k₁ = 0.0333 ([Rh((C₆H₅)COCHCO(CH₂CH₃))(CO)(PPh₃)]), 0.0437 ([Rh((C₆H₅)COCHCO(CH₂CH₂CH₃))(CO)(PPh₃)]) and 0.0354 dm³ mol⁻¹ s⁻¹ ([Rh((C₆H₅)COCHCO(CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃))(CO)(PPh₃)]). The pK_a^′ and keto-enol equilibrium constant, K_c, of the β-diketones (C₆H₅)COCH₂COR, along with apparent group electronegativities, χ_R of the R group of the β-diketones (C₆H₅)COCH₂COR, give a measurement of the electron donating character of the coordinating β-diketonato ligand: (R, pK_a^′, K_c, χ_R) = (CH₃, 8.70, 12.1, 2.34), (CH₂CH₃, 9.33, 8.2, 2.31), (CH₂CH₂CH₃, 9.23, 11.5, 2.41) and (CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃, 9.33, 11.6, 2.22).     

Bond energies and thermal decomposition of [Pt(X)(CH3)(P(C2H5)3)2] complexes

The thermal decomposition of the complexes trans-[Pt(X)(CH₃)L₂] (L  P(C₂H₅)₃; X  Cl, Br, I, CN) in decalin at 170 and 200°C affords methane platinum metal and [Pt(X)₂L₂]. The kinetics of the decomposition of the complexes were determined by monitoring the appearance of methane by GLC. The observed first-order rate constant was found to be independent on the nature of the ligand X. The thermal decomposition of the trideuteriomethyl complexes [Pt(X)(CD₃)L₂] (X  I, CN) in decalin-d₁₈ at 170 and 200°C was studied by GLC/MS. The thermolysis affords CD₃H and CD₄ in ratios which are independent of the nature of X and of the temperature used. The mass spectra of the complexes were also examined. A relative scale of platinum-to-methyl bond dissociation energies has been established by measuring the appearance potential of the fragment ion [Pt(X)L₂]⁺ and the ionization energies in the series [Pt(X)(CH₃)L₂]. Ionization potentials and PtCH₃ bond energies show a clear dependence on the nature of X which is not reflected in corresponding changes in the decomposition rates.     

Synthesis and characterization of some oxovanadium(V) complexes with internally functionallized oximes. Crystal and molecular structure of heptacoordinated [VOCl{ON=C(CH3) (C4H3S-2)}2] · CH3OH

New heteroleptic oxovanadium(V) chloro oximato complexes of the type [VO{Cl}_3-n {ON=C(CH₃)(Ar)} _n ] (where Ar = C₄H₃O-2, C₄H₃S-2, C₅H₄N-2 and n = 1 or 2) have been synthesized in excellent yields by the reaction of VOCl₃ with the sodium salts of corresponding internally functionallized oximes in refluxing anhydrous benzene. The complexes are characterized by elemental analyses and spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, ¹H-, ¹3C{¹H}- and ⁵¹V-NMR). FAB mass spectral analysis of one of the derivatives, [VOCl{ON=C(CH₃)C₄H₃S}₂] indicates the monomeric nature of the complex. ⁵¹V-NMR spectral studies of these complexes suggest tetra-coordination around the vanadium atom in solution. However, the single crystal X-ray diffraction study of a redistribution product [VOCl{ON=C(CH₃)(C₄H₃S-2)}₂] · CH₃OH obtained on recrystallization of [VOCl₂{ON=C(CH₃)(C₄H₃S-2)}] from a methanol-hexane mixture shows the vanadium(V) atom is hepta-coordinated with distorted pentagonal bipyramidal geometry. The oxo-atom occupies the axial position while the weakly coordinated CH₃OH group is trans to the V=O atom. The two oximato ligands in the approximate pentagonal plane are bonded to the central vanadium atom in dihapto (η²-N, O) manner with the formation of three-membered rings. The V–Cl bond occupies the fifth position in the approximate plane.     

New deoxygenative transformations; reactions of (CO)4Fe[Si(CH3)3]2 with acyclic ethers

The reaction of cis-(CO)₄Fe[Si(CH₃)₃]₂ (I) with CH₃OSi(CH₃)₃ and C₆H₅CH₂-OSi(CH₃)₃ at 80°C affords good yields of [(CH₃)₃Si]₂O and the deoxygenation products RSi(CH₃)₃ (R = CH₃, C₆H₅CH₂). These reactions are proposed to occur via (CO)₄Fe(R)Si(CH₃)₃ intermediates. This is supported by the observed formation of cis-(CO)₄Fe(CH₃)Si(CH₃)₃ (II) during the more rapid reaction of I with (CH₃)₂O; subsequent (CH₃)₄Si elimination occurs. With (C₆H₅CH₂)₂O, I reacts at 80°C to yield C₆H₅CH₂Si(CH₃)₃ and C₆H₅CH₂OSi(CH₃)₃ as primary products. With C₆H₅CH₂OCH₃, I effects regioselective benzyl---oxygen bond cleavage.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of [C6H5Hg(H2NSiMe3)][H2N{B(C6F5)3}2], a phenyl-mercury(II) cation stabilised by a non-coordinating counter-anion

The new heteroleptic mercury(II) complex PhHgN(SiMe₃)₂(1) reacts with the strong Brønsted acid [H(OEt₂)₂][H₂N{B(C₆F₅)₃}₂] with cleavage of a N-Si bond to give [C₆H₅Hg(H₂NSiMe₃)][H₂N{B(C₆F₅)₃}₂] (2), a phenyl-mercury(II) cation stabilised by a primary amine and a non-coordinating counter-anion. Attempts to generate donor-free aryl mercury cations were not successful. The crystal structure of 2 · CH₂Cl₂ shows short π-bonding interactions between the metal and the phenyl ring of a neighbouring cation; the geometry about the mercury(II) atom is nearly linear. The X-ray structures of the new salts [H₂N(SiMe₃)₂ · H₃NSiMe₃][B(C₆F₅)₄]₂ and [Et₃O][H₂N{B(C₆F₅)₃}₂] · CH₂Cl₂ are also presented.     

Synthesis and Characterization of N3P3(O2C12H8)2(OC6H4Si(CH3)3)(OC6H4Br) and Its Conversion to Nanostructured Si Material

A new silicated cyclotriphosphazene N₃P₃(O₂C₁₂H₈)₂(OC₆H₄Si(CH₃)₃)(OC₆H₄Br) 1 has been synthesized and characterized. The solid state pyrolysis of 1 in air gives a nanostructured SiP₂O₇ 3D network. The morphology of the network strongly depends on the temperature of the pyrolysis. Spinal-like columns and ring-shaped SiP₂O₇ are formed at 800 °C, while, at 600 °C, fused grains of about 300 nm were observed. Based on air TG and DSC thermal studies, we propose the mechanism of formation for the nanostructured network.     

Kristall- und molekülstruktur von hexaphenyldistannylselenid (C6H5)3SnSeSn(C6H5)3

The crystal and molecular structure of hexaphenylditin selenide (C₆H₅)₃SnSeSn(G₆H₅)₃ was determined by X-ray diffraction data and was refined to R  0.055. The compound is monoclinic, space group P2₁, with a  9.950(4), b  18.650(7), c  18.066(6) Å, β  106.81(4)°, Z  4. The two molecules in the asymmetric unit differ slightly in their conformations, both having approximate C₂ symmetry. Bond lengths and angles are: SnSe 2.526 (2.521(3) ? 2.538(3)) Å; SnC 2.138 (2.107(16)?2.168(19)) Å; SnSeSn 103.4(1)°, 105.2(1)°. There are only slight angular distortions at the SnSeC₃ tetrahedra (SeSnC angles: 104.3(5)?114.8(4)°). The bond data indicate essentially single bonds around the Sn atoms.