A non-covariant theory of gravitation,I

Homogeneous isotropic models of the universe, based on the general theory of relativity, lead to the existence of a preferred frame of reference, which is similar to the absolute space of, Newton, and a preferred time coordinate, which resembles the absolute time of Newton. These concepts seem to be in contradiction to the principle of covariance on which the general relativity theory is based. A theory of gravitation is therefore proposed which uses the world picture of general relativity but is not covariant. In the three crucial tests, the proposed theory gives the same results as the general relativity theory. However, in contrast to general relativity, the present theory predicts the emission of gravitational waves by spherically symmetric systems, and gravitational waves are found, in general, to have both transverse and longitudinal components.     

四粒子纠缠的一般W态的退纠缠和W态的概率隐形传态

我们推广地得到了到四粒子纠缠的一般W态,给出了一般W态的不同退纠缠的条件,得到了一个新的二粒子的一般W态,并得到对于四粒子纠缠的一般W态而言,其系数α1,α2和α3从一个直到全部为零时,这一般的|ΨW〉依次有一个粒子,二个粒子和最后全部粒子退出纠缠。还给出了一个利用四个二粒子纠缠态作为量子信道来传送四粒子纠缠W态的方案,并且进一步给出了当量子信道为非最大纠缠态时,四粒子纠缠的一般W态的隐形传态的一个方案,同时通过构造一个5×5对角投影变换矩阵,解决了使用一般纠缠量子信道并不再引入辅助态时,态畸变的恢复问题.并且这里的对角投影变换UM也与以往文献中的不同,而且比过去文献的讨论更直接.因本文的研究是一般性的,本文关于对角的投影变换矩阵UM的变换方法等可以直接推广到任意一般纠缠信道的一般纠缠态的概率隐形传态。     

General Non-Markovian Quantum Dynamics

A general approach to the construction of non-Markovian quantum theory is proposed. Non-Markovian equations for quantum observables and states are suggested by using general fractional calculus. In the proposed approach, the non-locality in time is represented by operator kernels of the Sonin type. A wide class of the exactly solvable models of non-Markovian quantum dynamics is suggested. These models describe open (non-Hamiltonian) quantum systems with general form of nonlocality in time. To describe these systems, the Lindblad equations for quantum observable and states are generalized by taking into account a general form of nonlocality. The non-Markovian quantum dynamics is described by using integro-differential equations with general fractional derivatives and integrals with respect to time. The exact solutions of these equations are derived by using the operational calculus that is proposed by Yu. Luchko for general fractional differential equations. Properties of bi-positivity, complete positivity, dissipativity, and generalized dissipativity in general non-Markovian quantum dynamics are discussed. Examples of a quantum oscillator and two-level quantum system with a general form of nonlocality in time are suggested.     

航电设备通用检测维护台的设计

为了适应机载武器装备系统的多样化以及通用性要求,搭建了基于PXI总线的航电设备通用检测维护台,在系统架构、硬件设计以及软件开发等各方面进行了通用性设计。该航电设备通用检测维护台基于PXI构架,挂装不同种类的适配器,操作通用平台上的人机接口,可满足多种设备的检测、测试任务。航电设备通用检测维护台在一个机柜内实现了人机交互操作,大功率、高精度、多种类通用电源及PXI智能测试平台等的高度集成。该通用平台具有良好的通用性和扩展性,适用多种机型、多种航电设备。通用平台已在某型航电设备的检测维护中完成了工程验证,系统性能稳定,适用性强,可实现多种航电设备的检测维护工作,也可推广至海军舰艇、兵器车载装备等。     

能量公设与化学势的广义化形式

以能量公设为基础,分别从热力学及非平衡热力学的层面推广了化学势的定义,并对两个实例展开讨论分析.结果表明:把化学势推广,不仅扩展了经典热力学化学势的定义形式及应用范围,而且表明了外场对化学势的贡献及影响内涵.在应用广义化学势解决实际问题时,既得到了正确结果,又使问题的讨论简单明了、容易把握和理解.     

The physical meaning of canonical quantization in terms of reference systems

The canonical approach to general relativity in terms of reference systems is discussed to show that Einstein's principles of equivalence and general relativity imply the physical insignificance of quantized general relativity. In particular it is demonstrated that even the (anholonomic) flat-space canonical formalism leads to physically uninterpretable results. This lack of quantum content of general relativity is reflected by Rosenfeld's uncertainty relations and can especially be removed by modifying general relativity in the spirit of classical Einstein-Cartan theory with teleparallelism.     

三效吸收式制冷循环系统性能分析

对12个通用的三效循环系统以及这12个通用循环系统组成的76种可能的密闭循环系统进行了评测。根据通用三效循环系统的压力和溶解度要求,对通用三效循环系统进行了分析,并充分考虑各部件设计中的问题和COPs数值,以及处于高腐蚀环境中部件的数目。通过分析,确定了四个性价比较优的系统:Alkitrate Topping循环系统,Pressure Staged Envelope循环系统,High Overlap循环系统和Dual Loop循环系统。     

一般WGHZ态和它的退纠缠与概率隐形传态

给出了一般纠缠的WGHZ态，然后利用所得一般WGHZ态导出了一般纠缠的不同的W态，得到了不同退纠缠的条件，一般WGHZ态取不同的复系数为零时，有不同的退纠缠，并可得到不同的W态和不同的一般的Bell基，以上对退纠缠的讨论结果与通常用密度矩阵的可分性得的退纠缠条件一致.通过构造一个5×5 对角投影变换矩阵,解决了使用一般纠缠量子信道并不再引入辅助态时，态畸变的恢复问题，并且这里的对角投影变换矩阵U_M也与以往文献的不同，而且还更直接，进而解决了不引入辅助态并使用一般纠缠信道纠缠的一般WGHZ态的概率隐形传态的问题,本文关于对角的投影变换矩阵U_M的变换方法等可以直接推广到任意一般纠缠信道的一般纠缠态的概率隐形传态. 关键词： 隐形传态 纠缠 W态 量子信道     

Synchronisation and general dynamic symmetry of a vibrating system with two exciters rotating in opposite directions

We derive the non-dimensional coupling equation of two exciters, including inertia coupling, stiffness coupling and load coupling. The concept of general dynamic symmetry is proposed to physically explain the synchronisation of the two exciters, which stems from the load coupling that produces the torque of general dynamic symmetry to force the phase difference between the two exciters close to the angle of general dynamic symmetry. The condition of implementing synchronisation is that the torque of general dynamic symmetry is greater than the asymmetric torque of the two motors. A general Lyapunov function is constructed to derive the stability condition of synchronisation that the non-dimensional inertia coupling matrix is positive definite and all its elements are positive. Numeric results show that the structure of the vibrating system can guarantee the stability of synchronisation of the two exciters, and that the greater the distances between the installation positions of the two exciters and the mass centre of the vibrating system are, the stronger the ability of general dynamic symmetry is.     

Irreducible Characters of General Linear Superalgebra and Super Duality

We develop a new method to solve the irreducible character problem for a wide class of modules over the general linear superalgebra, including all the finite-dimensional modules, by directly relating the problem to the classical Kazhdan-Lusztig theory. Furthermore, we prove that certain parabolic BGG categories over the general linear algebra and over the general linear superalgebra are equivalent. We also verify a parabolic version of a conjecture of Brundan on the irreducible characters in the BGG category of the general linear superalgebra.     

算符光学中的表象变换及关联方程的普适解法

本文由光学变量算符的线性变换将文献[3]建立的光学矩阵与光学算符的关联方程加以推广,得到光学广义关联方程;又引入本征光学变量算符使其简化成约化光学广义关联方程;从而获得由关联方程求光学点扩散算符的“模拟单透镜成象光路”的普适解法。 关键词：     

General and Optimal Scheme for Local Conversion of Pure States

We present general and optimal schemes for local conversion of pure states, via one specific example. First, we give the general solution of the doubly stochastic matrix. Then, we find the general and optimal positive-operator-valued measure （POVM） to realize the local conversion of pure states. Lastly, the physical realization of the POVM is discussed. We show that our scheme has a more general and better effect than other schemes.     

“Almost” general relativity

We exhibit theories of gravitation leading to the same set of solutions with algebraically special Ricci tensor as Einstein's equations. Their sets of solutions with algebraically general Ricci tensor differ from general relativity. It will be difficult to empirically distinguish these theories from general relativity.     

论开放式普通物理实验教学

＂开放式普通物理实验＂教学对培养学生的创新意识和学习的能动性有着积极的意义,因此根据开放式普通物理实验在特点和条件,讨论了开放式普通物理实验的一些问题。     

On the general covariance and strong equivalence principles in quantum general relativity

The various physical aspects of the general relativistic principles of covariance and strong equivalence are discussed, and their mathematical formulations are analyzed. All these aspects are shown to be present in classical general relativity, although no contemporary formulation of canonical or covariant quantum gravity has succeeded to incorporate them all. This has, in part, motivated the recent introduction of a geometro-stochastic framework for quantum general relativity, in which the classical frame bundles that underlie the formulation of parallel transport in classical general relativity are replaced by quantum frame bundles. It is shown that quantum frames can take over the role played by complete sets of observables in conventional quantum theory, so that they can mediate the natural transference of the general covariance and the strong equivalence principles from the classical to the quantum general relativistic regime. This results in a geometrostochastic mode of quantum propagation in general relativistic quantum bundles, which is mathematically implemented by path integration methods based on parallel transport along horizontal lifts of geodesics for the vacuum expectation values of a quantum gravitational field in a quantum spacetime supermanifold. The covariance features of this field are embedded in a quantum gravitational supergroup, which incorporates Poincaré as well as diffeomorphism invariance, and resolves the issue of time in quantum gravity.     

Relativistic optics in gravitational lensing: The focus of a cluster and its aberrations

In this article, general idea of focusing is studied within the framework of optics extension into general relativity (covariant optics). In a configuration of static spacetime, the general, mathematically rigorous treatment of rays, wavefronts and caustics of spherical symmetry is presented, particularly with regard to problems of obtaining them within general relativity. An original result is the aberration formulation to covariant optics, whose application is given in this paper; a particular solution of Einstein equations is finally chosen to provide concrete, exact results of cluster focal length and its aberration structure. In this way, a gravitational lensing situation is shown to be a true lens.     

THE GENERAL FORM OF THE DIVERGENT PART OF 1PI VERTEX GENERATING FUNCTIONAL IN QUANTUM GAUGE THEORIES

rn this paper, the Slavnov equations are solved presence of Niggs fields, where the gauge group is a general compact semi-simple Lie group. A general form of the dins gent paxt of 1PI vertex generating functional is ottained, which provides a fairly general theoretical basis to the proof of renormalizability of quantum gauge theories.     

Axisymmetric vacuum fields in general projective relativity

A method has been derived which enables one to obtain solutions to the stationary, axially symmetric vacuum fields in general projective relativity developed by Arcidiacono from known solutions of the vacuum field in Einstein's theory. The analogue of the Kerr solution in general projective relativity has been obtained as an example. Finally, a relation between the stationary and static axially symmetric vacuum fields in general projective relativity has been derived.     

Comparison of String Fluid Dynamical Models in General Relativity and Einstein–Cartan theory

Dynamical models of string fluids areconstructed from the general energy-momentum tensor forstring fluids in general relativity and theEinstein-Cartan theories obtained from the Ray-Hilbertvariational principle. Examples of solutions to the fieldequations for general relativistic spacetimes are givenand compared with solutions obtained from the postulatedenergy-momentum tensor of Letelier. Solutions to the field equations in Riemann-Cartanspacetimes are compared with an extended Leteliersolution. All calculations are given for both thestandard and the extended thermodynamics versions inwhich the latter includes the string as thermodynamicvariables. In general relativity, it is shown for blackhole solutions that the general feature of strings(through the string vector) is to produce a shrinkage of the black hole horizon. In RiemannCartanspacetimes, the torsion field equation shows that stringvector can be identified with the torsion vector. Themost striking feature of strings in Riemann-Cartan spacetimes is that in the Reissner-Nordstromsolution, the addition of torsional strings produces thecorrect asympototic behavior of the metric necessary tomatch the experimental galactic rotationcurves.     

(G′/G)展开法和(2+1)维非对称Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov系统的新精确解

通过引入并扩展 （G′/G）展开法, 构造出（2+1）维非对称Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov系统的三种形式的新精确通解: 双曲函数通解, 三角函数通解, 有理函数通解. 当双曲函数通解中的常数取特定值时, 通解变为相应孤立波解. 关键词： G′/G）展开法')" href="#">（G′/G）展开法 （2+1）维非对称Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov系统 精确解 孤立波解