亲水作用色谱-串联质谱测定蔬菜中灭蝇胺及其代谢物三聚氰胺

建立了亲水作用色谱-串联质谱测定蔬菜中灭蝇胺及其代谢物三聚氰胺的方法.蔬菜样品匀浆后经甲醇-水提取,取适量酸化后提取液经阳离子固相萃取柱净化,洗脱液用氮气吹干,残留物用5 mL流动相定容.采用亲水作用色谱(Hilic)分离,在电喷雾-选择反应监测模式下,进行定性和定量分析.以基质校正曲线计算,添加浓度为0.04和0.20 mg/kg时,灭蝇胺的回收率为84.2%～101.3%; 相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.5%～10.7%;三聚氰胺的回收率为72.5%～97.1%; RSD为4.3%～10.8%;灭蝇胺和三聚氰胺的定量限分别为0.01和0.005 mg/kg.利用本方法检测了多种蔬菜样品中灭蝇胺、三聚氰胺的含量.     

气相色谱-质谱联用快速检测毛豆中103种农药多残留

建立了固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法快速检测毛豆中103种农药多残留的分析方法.样品用乙腈-水溶液均质提取,经盐析除水液液分配,Envi-18和PSA串联柱净化后用气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS)分析.采用选择离子扫描方式,外标法定量.方法的检出限(S/N=3)为0.001～0.021 mg/kg,在加标水平为0.2 mg/kg时,方法回收率为74%～123%,相对标准偏差为3.1%～13%.     

固相萃取-气相色谱检测茶叶中啶虫脒残留量

建立了茶叶中啶虫脒残留量的气相色谱分析方法.样品用乙腈超声提取,经Envi-Forisil固相小柱净化,以V(石油醚):V(丙酮)=1:1洗脱,GC-ECD检测,外标法定量.在0.01～0.10 mg/kg的添加水平,平均回收率在90.9～94.2%之间,相对标准偏差在1.6%～3.4%,该方法的检出限为0.01 mg/kg.该方法的灵敏度、准确度和精密度均符合农药残留测定的技术要求.     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定浓缩苹果汁中的多菌灵残留量

报道了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定浓缩苹果汁中多菌灵残留量的方法.样品经适量水稀释后,C18固相萃取柱提取净化,用V(甲醇)∶V(二氯甲烷)=1∶1淋洗,HPLC法测定.在添加水平为0.10,0.50,2.0 mg/kg时,多菌灵的回收率在92.6%～108.3%之间;RSD＜3% (n=6),检出限为0.02 mg/kg,该方法的测定结果满足农药残留量的检测要求.     

韭菜中吡虫啉和啶虫脒残留的微波处理-逆固相分散法净化及液相色谱检测

建立了韭菜中两种烟碱类农药吡虫啉和啶虫脒残留的快速检测方法.韭菜样本用微波炉加热处理,使酶钝化消除含硫基质干扰,然后用乙腈提取、逆固相分散净化,用反相高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器检测.在0.05～2.0 mg/kg添加水平范围内,吡虫啉的平均添加回收率在95.2%～105.3%之间;相对标准偏差在0.8%～7.8%之间;啶虫脒的平均添加回收率在97.4%～108.8%之间;相对标准偏差在1.3%～8.3%之间.本方法对吡虫啉的检出限(LOD)为0.0078 mg/kg,定量检出限(LOQ)为0.026 mg/kg;对啶虫脒的检出限为0.0075 mg/kg,定量检出限为0.025 mg/kg.     

在线凝胶渗透色谱-气相色谱-质谱法测定茶叶中多种有机锡化合物残留

建立了茶叶中6种有机锡化合物残留的在线凝胶渗透色谱-气相色谱/质谱(GPC-GC/MS)分析方法.样品用盐酸酸化,以丙酮-正己烷为提取剂振荡提取,浓缩、干燥后加入正戊基溴化镁进行衍生,衍生产物用正己烷提取,经Envi-Carb活性碳和Florisil串联固相萃取柱净化,再经在线GPC进入GC/MS检测.当加标水平为0.01、0.05和0.10mg/kg时,回收率为66.2%～105.6%,相对标准偏差为2.7%～10.4%.方法的检出限为0.01mg/kg.实验证明,该方法快速、简便、准确、灵敏度高,可用于茶叶中有机锡化合物残留的同时检测.     

混合型固相萃取柱净化-气相色谱-质谱法测定婴幼儿配方奶粉中的三聚氰酸

建立了一种混合型固相萃取柱净化-气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)测定婴幼儿配方奶粉中三聚氰酸的方法。在84 ℃条件下,用0.5%乙酸水溶液提取样品中的三聚氰酸,离心,滤液经Carb/C18混合型固相萃取柱净化,氮气吹干,硅烷化衍生,GC-MS测定,选择离子监测模式,外标法定量。在0.01～2 mg/L内线性关系良好(r＞0.99),在0.25～2.5 mg/kg的添加水平范围内,平均回收率为80%～103%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为7.7%～14.5%,三聚氰酸的检出限(LOD)为0.10 mg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为0.25 mg/kg。该方法快速、灵敏、准确、专一、耐用,适合婴幼儿配方奶粉中三聚氰酸的确证和定量测定。     

动物组织与水产品中头孢氨苄残留量的液相色谱-串联质谱检测

建立了牛肉、猪肉、肝脏、肾脏、脂肪、鱼肉、虾肉中头孢氨苄残留的LC-MS/MS检测方法.组织样品中的头孢氨苄用甲醇-0.2%偏磷酸 (体积比3 ∶ 7)溶液提取,采用Oasis HLB固相萃取小柱净化.分析样品以甲酸溶液(体积分数0.1%)-乙腈为流动相,经MG-Ⅱ C18色谱柱分离,在LC-MS/MS多反应监测模式下进行定性、定量分析,采用正离子扫描.头孢氨苄的定量下限为0.01 mg/kg,动物组织和水产品样品在0.01、0.05、0.1、0.2 mg/kg添加水平的回收率为75% ～106%,相对标准偏差(n=10)为5.3% ～12.1%.     

固相萃取-气相色谱法检测茶叶中的有机磷农药残留量

建立了茶叶中22种有机磷农药的残留量的气相色谱分析方法. 样品用V(乙腈)∶V(丙酮)＝4∶1提取, 经Envi-Carb固相小柱净化, 以V(乙腈)∶V(甲苯)＝3∶1洗脱, GC-FPD检测, 外标法定量. 在添加0.05～1.0 mg/kg的水平, 22种有机磷的平均回收率在81.3%～107.9%之间, 相对标准偏差在1.1%～8.9%, 该方法的检出限为0.01～0.04 mg/kg. 该方法的灵敏度、准确度和精密度均符合农药残留量测定的技术要求.     

固相萃取-气相色谱质谱联用法测定蔬菜中杜烯残留

建立固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用内标法测定蔬菜中杜烯残留量的检测方法.样品经乙腈提取,弗罗里硅土固相柱净化后,用气相色谱质谱联用仪进行检测.方法的检出限为0.005 mg/kg,经过不同实验室验证,样品中杜烯的平均基体添加回收率在81.0%～112.0%之间,室间精密度在1.03%～3.89%之间.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.