2—氨基苯并噻唑萃取铑及铑,铱分离的研究

本文研究用２－氨基苯并噻唑（简写ＡＢＴ）溶剂萃取铑的最佳条件，在ＫＩ存在下于ｐＨ１～３，加热６０ｍｉｎ，所形成的络合物能定量地被己烷萃取，贱金属离子如Ｆｅ＾３＋，Ａｌ＾３＋，Ｃｕ＾２＋，Ｃｄ＾２＋，Ｃｏ＾２＋，Ｎｉ＾２＋，Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｍｎ＾２＋，Ｃａ＾２＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋及铂族离子Ｐｔ（Ⅳ），Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）不被萃取，Ｐｄ＾２＋，可在未加入ＫＩ之前预先萃取分离，斜率测得萃合物组成为ＲｈＩ３（ＡＢＴ），红外光     

纤维素基磁性聚偕肟树脂的研究：—（NH4）2IrCl6在树脂上的咐吸

碱式纤维系基磁性聚偕胺肟树脂（ＢＭＡＯ）吸附（ＮＨ４）ＩｒＣｌ６是快速过程，属超当量吸附。吸附结果生成ＡＯ－Ｉｒ和ＡＯ２－Ｉｒ３络合物，随后Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）被偕胺肟基还原为Ｉｒ（０），聚集成球状晶簇随着在树脂表面。     

纤维素基磁性聚偕胺肟树脂的研究──(NH_4)_2IrCl_6在树脂上的吸附

碱式纤维素基磁性聚偕胺肟树脂（ＢＭＡＯ）吸附（ＮＨ４）２ＩｒＣｌ６是快速过程，属超当量吸附。吸附结果生成ＡＯ－Ｉｒ和ＡＯ２－Ｉｒ３络合物，随后Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）被偕胺肟基还原为Ｉｒ（０），聚集成球状晶簇附着在树脂表面。     

等色染料离子对萃取光度法研究：Ⅰ.溴酚蓝·亚甲蓝体系

研究了溴酚蓝（ＢＰＢ）·亚甲蓝（ＭＢ）等色染料离子对萃取光度测定银、汞和铜的方法。首先将被测金属离子形成［Ｍｅ（ｐｈｅｎ）３］ＢＰＢ的二氯乙烷萃取液，用ＫＣＮ解析并反萃入水相，而后加入和溴酚蓝等色的亚甲蓝溶液继续萃取。由于等色染料离子对和Ｍｅ（ＣＮ）ｎＢＰＢ三元络合物同时进入二氯乙烷中而提高了灵敏度、测定Ａｇ、Ｈｇ和Ｃｕ的摩尔吸光系数均在１０５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ（－１）·ｃｍ（－１）以上。     

双（十二烷基亚磺酰）乙烷溶剂萃取钯及其机理的研究

本文研究用双（十二烷基亚磺酰）乙烷萃取钯的性能，在ＫＩ存在下从７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸介质中用含有ＢＤＳＥ的氯仿能定量萃取钯，有机的钯可被硫脲或氨溶液反萃继之用ＴＭＫ－ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００光度法测定，研究了萃取的最佳条件及干扰情况，斜率法测得萃合物组成为Ｐｄ：Ｉ：ＢＤＳＥ＝１：２：１，红外光谱证实萃合物中ＢＤＳＥ的二个亚砜以硫原子与钯配位，萃合物为异位体络合物，提出了选择性萃取分离钯的新方法。     

二（2，4，4－三甲基戊基）膦酸从盐酸介质中萃取钍（Ⅳ）的机理

研究了二（２，４，４－三甲基戊基）膦酸（ＢＴＭＰＰＡ，ＨＡ）的正辛烷溶液从盐酸介质中萃取钍（Ⅳ）的机理。在未控制离子强度下，萃取平衡反应为：，在控制离子强度为１．０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，萃取反应为用饱和法确定的萃合物组成为ＴｈＣＩＡ＿３．计算了萃取反应的平衡常数及热力学函数。研究了饱和萃合物的ＩＲ和ＮＭＲ谱。     

五种含氨基和吡啶基功能性聚合物对Ir（IV）,Ru（IV）的吸附行为

五种含氨基及吡啶基功能性聚合物，２，６－二氨基吡啶树脂（ＤＡＰＲ），２－氨基甲基吡啶树脂（２－ＡＭＰＲ），２－氨基吡啶树脂（２－ＡＰＲ），３－氨基吡啶树脂（３－ＡＰＲ），４－氨基吡啶树脂（４－ＡＰＲ）对Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）和Ｒｕ（Ⅳ）的最佳吸附酸度均为０．１ｍｏｌＨＣｌ／Ｌ，对Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）的吸附容量分别为１２００、７８６、４８０、５００和３８１ｍｇＩｒ（Ⅳ）／ｇ树脂，其吸附摩尔比（离子／功能基）分别为２．１１     

4─氨基─1，2，4─三氮唑树脂对Ir（Ⅳ）和Ru（Ⅳ）的吸附行为

４－氨基－１，２，４－三氮唑树脂（４—ａｍｉｎｏ—１，２，４—ｔｒｌａｚｏｌｅｒｅｓｉｎ，４－ＡＴＲ）功能基含量３．７６ｍｍｏｌ／ｇ４—ＡＴＲ。它对Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）、Ｒｕ（Ⅳ）的吸附容量分别为５３５（２．７８），３８６（３．８２）ｍｇ／ｇ４—ＡＴＲ（ｍｍｏｌ／ｇ４—ＡＴＲ）；吸附摩尔比分别为０．７４，１．０２（离子／功能基）．４—ＡＴＲ对Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）、Ｒｕ（Ⅳ）的表观吸附活化能分别为１３±２，１９±４ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ；吸附热焓分别为４０±９，２１±７ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ。在Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）、Ｒｕ（Ⅳ）、Ｒｈ（Ⅲ）、Ｆｅ３＋、Ｃｏ２＋、Ｎｉ２＋、Ｃｕ２＋共存的溶液中，４—ＡＴＲ对Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）、Ｒｕ（Ⅳ）、Ｒｈ（Ⅲ）有良好的选择吸附性．树脂吸附Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）、Ｒｕ（Ⅳ）前后红外谱图的变化表明功能基与金属离子形成配合物．     

2—（5—溴—2—吡啶偶氮）—5—二甲氨基苯胺与铂（Ⅳ）显色反应及其应用

１引言目前，已有多种杂环偶氮类试剂测定铂的报道，但其在显色灵敏度等方面大多还不理想。本文系统研究了２－（５－溴－２－吡啶偶氮）－５－二甲氨基苯胺（５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＭＡ）与Ｐｔ（Ⅳ）的显色反应，结果表明，在ｐＨ４．０～６．０的酸度范围内，在加热条件下铂（Ⅳ）与试剂形成紫红色络合物。该络合物在１．６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ高氯酸溶液中转变为另一型体绿蓝色络合物，表观摩尔吸光系数ε＝８．３×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，大多数常见金属离子及Ａｕ３＋、Ａｇ＋等贵金属离子在一定范围内对测定无干扰。在ＥＤＴＡ存在下，可…     

萃取光度法研究硫氰酸钼（Ⅴ）络合物的萃取机理

萃取光度法研究硫氰酸钼（Ⅴ）络合物的萃取机理梁玉珍，何钟林，关多芬，曲曾禄（齐齐哈尔师范学院）（大连轻工业学院，１１６００１）（齐齐哈尔林业学校）在以前的工作中，我们用萃取光度法研究了硫氰酸钼（Ⅴ）络合物￣［１，２］，首次报导在适当的情况下，硫氰酸钼...     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.