Determination of “solvent” concentration in “chromatographic solutions” on the cellulose sorbents

An attempt was undertaken to furnish an entirely quantitative characteristics to the thermodynamic model of the chromatographic system presented in (2). The attempt proved to be successful and one managed to establish simultaneously a new method enabling direct determination of the hydrogen-bond enthalpy from the PC experimental results.     

“Directional” membrane permeability in polymer–vapor systems

A theoretical study is presented of the dependence of the vapor permeability of suitable nonhomogeneous polymer membranes on the sense of flow This is based on a simple model of a binary membrane in which the component phases A, B are either intimately mixed, with the composition of the mixture varying continuously across the membrane, or formed into a laminate AB. The influence of various parameters (which represent either properties of the component phases or the experimental conditions) on the magnitude of these flow reversal effects has been investigated. The results have proved useful as an indication of the capability of such membrane valves and of the conditions for optimum performance, as well as for the understanding of the behavior of experimental systems.     

“Superpermeability” and “pumping” of atomic hydrogen through palladium membranes

Permeation of atomic as well as molecular hydrogen through palladium membranes has been investigated experimentally in the temperature range from room temperature to 200 °C and at a higher incident flux of hydrogen atoms on palladium surface than in previous studies. The results demonstrate that phenomena of ‘superpermeability’ and ‘pumping’ of atomic gases through metal membranes are of a common nature. A theoretical model based on chemical thermodynamics and diffusion theory adequately describes the quantitative relationships observed in experiments. It was found that permeability of atomic hydrogen depends strongly on the magnitude of surface incident flux and membrane temperature.